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1、Section ASection AGrammar Grammar FocusFocusTranslatethephrases.intheshapeofontheMid-Autumnnighttraditionalfolkstoriesshootdownliveforeverflyuptothemooncalloutonesnamelayout以以.形状形状在中秋之夜在中秋之夜传统的民间故事传统的民间故事击落击落长生不老；永生长生不老；永生向上飞向月亮向上飞向月亮大声叫喊某人的名字大声叫喊某人的名字摆开；布置摆开；布置1.Ithinkthattheyrefuntowatch.2.Marythi
2、nksthattheteamswerefantastic.3.Billwonderswhethertheyllhavezongziagainnextyear.4.IwonderifitssimilartotheWaterFestivaloftheDaipeopleinYunnanProvince.Readthesentencesbelow,payingattentiontotheunderlinedparts.IknowthattheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.Iwonderiftheyllhavetheracesagainnextyear.IwonderwhetherJ
3、uneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthinThailand.IknowthattheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.Iwonderiftheyllhavetheracesagainnextyear.IwonderwhetherJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthinThailand.GrammarFocusObjectclauseswiththat, if and whether一、宾语从句的概
4、念一、宾语从句的概念在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句宾语从句。WeknowthatMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语序序时时态态1.Ihear(that)_.2.Hesaid(that)_.3.Theteachertoldus(that)_.hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmoves由由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注：注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从
5、句中不充在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。当成分，在口语当中往往省略。aroundthesunObjectclauseswiththat连词连词that不能省略的几种情况不能省略的几种情况在由在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的引导的宾语从句中，宾语从句中，that则不能省略。则不能省略。1.从句
6、的主语是从句的主语是that。如：。如：Hesaysthatthatisarealkingshat.他说那是一个真的王冠。他说那是一个真的王冠。2.that从句中含有主从复合句。如：从句中含有主从复合句。如：Imafraidthatifyouvelostit,youmustpayforit.3.主、从句之间有插入语时。如：主、从句之间有插入语时。如：Itsayshere,onthiscard,thatitwasusedinplays.卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。4.若出现两个或两上以上的由若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时
7、，只有第一个语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词连词that可以省略。如：可以省略。如：Shesaid(that)shewouldcomeandthatshewouldalsobringherson.她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectclause?1.TheseplanetwillproducefoodandoxygenthatweneedtoliveonMars.2.ScientistswilldevelopplantsthatcangrowonMars.3.Peoplethinkt
8、hathumansonMarshavetowearspecialbootstomakethemselvesheavier.4.WeallknowthatMarsisaplanetinthesolarsystem.5.ThejourneytoMarscouldtakeonlyaveryshorttimeinspaceshuttlesthattravelathalfthespeedoflight.6.SomescientistsdonotbelievethatthejourneytoMarswillbeverycomfortable.if和和whether引导宾语从句时，作引导宾语从句时，作“是否
9、是否”讲，讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语中，常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如：比较正式。如：Millieaskedif/whetherhelikedthissweater.米莉问他是否喜欢这件毛衣。米莉问他是否喜欢这件毛衣。Thefishermanwantstoknowif/whetheritwillrain.渔民想知道天是否会下雨。渔民想知道天是否会下雨。Objectclauseswithifandwhether由由if/whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句.if和和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语引导宾语
10、从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。如：从句语序改为陈述句语序。如：DoesMrZhaoliveinRoom208?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellmeif/whetherMrZhaolivesinRoom208?Haveyougotanyfish?Whatdoesthebabycatask?Heasksifhisfatherhasgotanyfish.AmIcool?Whatdoesthebabyask?He
11、asksif/whetherheiscool.Doyouloveme?Whatdidthegirlasktheyoungman?Sheaskedif/whethertheyoungmanlovedher.CanIfly?Whatdoesthebabywonder?Hewondersif/whetherhecanfly.Willyoutakemetothesky?WhatdoesthegirlasktheSpiderman?Sheasksif/whethertheSpidermanwilltakehertothesky.if和和whether的区别的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：二者在下列几
12、种情况下不能换用：1.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用，不用if。如：。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Imnotsure.这是否是真的，我不确定。这是否是真的，我不确定。2.宾语从句与宾语从句与ornot直接连用时，应用直接连用时，应用whether，不能用，不能用if。如：。如：Idontknowwhetherornothewillcometomorrow.我不知道他明天是否来。我不知道他明天是否来。3.与动词不定式连用时，只能用与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：。如：Shecantdecidewhether
13、togotoAmerica.她不能决定是否去美国。她不能决定是否去美国。4.从句作介词宾语时，只能用从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：。如：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.我担心是否伤了她的感情。我担心是否伤了她的感情。5.宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether。如：。如：Tomwantstoknowifshewontcomeheretomorrow.汤姆想知道她明天是否不来这儿。汤姆想知道她明天是否不来这儿。6.if意为意为“假如，如果假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状时，可以引
14、导条件状语从句，而语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：没有这个用法。如：IfSimoncomesheretomorrow,Illcallyou.假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。1.若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。如：态。如：Hewantstoknowif/whethertheyhadagoodjourneyhome.他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。Shesays(that)sheworksfromMondaytoFriday.她说她从周一至周五上班。（从句是她说她从周一至周
15、五上班。（从句是一般现在时）一般现在时）Shesays(that)shewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）（从句是一般将来时）Shesays(that)shehasneverbeentoMountEmei.她说她从来没有去过峨嵋山。她说她从来没有去过峨嵋山。（从句是现在完成时）（从句是现在完成时）2.若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为现在进行时变为过
16、去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。Didthetrainleave?Shedidntknow.Shedidntknowif/whetherthetrainhadleft.一一般般现现在在时时一一般般将将来来时时一一般般过过去去时时现现在在完完成成时时现现在在进进行行时时一一般般过过去去时时过过去去将将来来时时过过去去完完成成时时过过去去完完成成时时过过去去进进行行时时Hesaidtherewerenoclassesyesterdayafternoon.他说昨天下午没有课。他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是从句是一般过去时一般过去时)
17、Hesaid(that)hewasgoingtotakecareofthebaby.他说他会去照看这个婴儿他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从从句是过去将来时句是过去将来时)Hesaid(that)theywerehavingameetingatthattime.他说他们那时正在开会。他说他们那时正在开会。(从从句是过去进行时句是过去进行时)1.从句表达的是客观真理，用一般现在时从句表达的是客观真理，用一般现在时2.从句中有明确表示过去时间的词，则从句从句中有明确表示过去时间的词，则从句依然是一般过去时依然是一般过去时Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthan
18、sound.HewonderedifyoustudiedintheUSAin1990.主句时态主句时态从句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时将来时、祈使句时 根据句意的需要用任意一根据句意的需要用任意一种时态种时态 一般过去时一般过去时 与原句相对应的过去的时与原句相对应的过去的时态态 客观事实、真理、客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警自然现象、名言警句、谚语等句、谚语等 一律用一般现在时一律用一般现在时 学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。时态主从要呼应：时态主从要呼应：主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若
19、为过去时，从句时态变过去；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。That 连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。从句若表从句若表“是否是否”时，时，if/whether要慎记。要慎记。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。Writesentencesusingthewordsgiven.1.think/LanternFestival/beautiful2.dontkn
20、ow/whether/he/comehome/forthefestivalIthinkthattheLanternFestivalisbeautiful.Idontknowwhetherhewillcomehomeforthefestival.4a4.wonder/if/mooncakes/deliciousIwonderifthemooncakesaredelicious.3.believe/WaterFestival/most/funIbelievethattheWaterFestivalisthemostfun.1.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutMothersDayandFa
21、thersDay?2.Whatdoyoudoforyourmumanddadonthatday?Readthepassageandunderlinetheobjectiveclauses.4bDearXiaYu,DoyouknowthattherearetwospecialdaysforparentsinAmerica?OneisMothersDayonthesecondSundayofMayandtheotherisFathersDayonthethirdSundayofJune.Onthesetwodays,Americanchildrenoftengivegiftstotheirpare
22、ntsortakethemoutforlunchordinner.Commongiftsareflowersandcardsformothersandshirtsortiesforfathers.IheardthatitisbecomingmoreandmorepopulartocelebrateMothersDayandFathersDayinChina.Iwonderifchildrenovertherealsogivesimilargiftstotheirparents.Ibelievethattherearemanywaystoshowourlove.Actually,wedontha
23、vetospendalotofmoney.Itisalsoagoodideatohelpparentstodosomethinginstead.JuneIfyoudecidetosendyourmom/dadacard,whatwouldyouliketowrite?Designacardandwritedownthewordsyouwanttotellher/him.Trytouseobjectivecauses.Whatsyourfavoritefestival?Whatdoesitcelebrate?Whenisitcelebrated?Whydoyoulikethisfestival?
24、Whichfestivaldoyoulikebest?Askyourgroupandreporttotheclass.4cInourgroup,DavidsfavoritefestivalisHethinksthat1.IdontknowifMr.Wang_onafieldtrip.Ifhe_onafieldtriptomorrow,pleasecallme.A.goes;willgoB.willgo;goesC.willgo;willgoD.goes;goes2.SheaskedmeifIknew_.A.whosepenwasitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.
25、whosepenisitBBChoosetherightanswers.3.Theywonderediftheteacher_usEnglishthenextterm.A.wouldteachB.hadtaughtC.willteachD.taught4.Theboyasked_anynoisefromoutside.A.whetherhadIheardB.whetherIhadheardC.whetherhaveIheardD.whetherIhaveheardAB5.Ihaventdecide_Illgooutorstayathome.A.ifB.whenC.whyD.whether6.I
26、wanttoknow_helovesyou.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whoDC 7.Iwondered_ourteacherwasgoingtoattendourparty.A.whetherB.whatC.whereD.that8.Idliketoknow_ornot.A.whetherwillhecomeB.whetherhashecomeC.whetherhewillcomeD.ifhewillcomeAC根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子。根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子。1.我认为玛丽不来了。我认为玛丽不来了。IdontthinkMary_.2.山姆给我说他准备去上海。
27、山姆给我说他准备去上海。Samtoldmethathe_forShanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。Iwanttoknow_thereisatraintoBeijingtonight.willcome was leavingif/whether 改为含宾语从句的复合句改为含宾语从句的复合句1.Willthetrainarriveontime?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow_thetrain_ontime.2.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.LiLeiwantstok
28、now_Peter_hereyesterday.willarriveif/whether cameif/whether 1.我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。Wearewondering_onMars.2.你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星上去吗？上去吗？Couldyoutellme_toMars?whether/ifwecanif/whethermanypeoplearegoingtomovegrowplantsCompletethesentences.3.我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。Idon
29、tknow_anywashingathome.4.我担心是否伤害了她的感情。我担心是否伤害了她的感情。Iamworriedabout_.whetherornothedoeswhetherIhurtherfeelings1.UncleWangcameuptosee_therewasanythingwrongwiththemachine.2.Theshopkeeperaskedmyfather_ornothewantedtochooseabigChristmastree.if/whetherwhether3.Idontknow_togoorstay.4._thatistrue,whatshould
30、wedo?whetherIf5._theywilleverbecomefutureOlympicchampionsonlytimewilltell.WhetherCompletethesentenceswithif /whether.Iwonder_.Yes,ofcourse.（2015德州）德州）A.wherewecanbuythepartsB.howoftenyouhearformyoursisterC.ifImayhaveawordwithyouD.whyhearrivedlateyesterday中考链接中考链接CWillTonygoskiingwithusthisSaturday?S
31、orry,Idontknowifhe_.ButIknowhe_interestinsports.（2015克克拉玛依）拉玛依）A.willgo;isB.goes;isC.goes;hasnoD.willgo;hasnoD【2014河北河北】Ihavesometicketsforthebasketballmatch.Iwonder_.A.whereyoubuytheticketsB.whyyouliketogothereC.ifyoudliketocomealongD.whenyouwatchthematchC【2014昆明昆明】Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellme_?Ye
32、s,thereisahistorymuseum.A.howoftendoyougotothehistorymuseumB.arethereanygoodmuseumsinKunmingC.howlongittakestogettothehistorymuseumD.ifthereareanygoodmuseumsinKunmingD()(上海市徐汇区上海市徐汇区2014年中考二模年中考二模)Manypeoplearewondering_.A.whetheristhemeatfromthelabbadfortheirhealthB.whetherthemeatfromthelabisbadfor
33、theirhealthC.whetherisbadfortheirhealththemeatfromthelabD.whetherfromthelabthemeatisbadfortheirhealthB【2013山山东东】30.Itsgoodtoknow_thedogswillbewellcaredforwhilewereaway.A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that【答案答案】D【解析解析】考考查查名名词词性从句。性从句。动词动词know之后之后为宾语为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用故用that表表陈陈述一件述一件实实事。事。()Theywonde
34、r_robotswillmakehumanslosetheirjobsornot.(2013漳州漳州)A.thatB.ifC.whether()Ourphysicsteachertolduslight_fasterthansound.(2013黔东南黔东南)A.travelsB.traveledC.travelingD.totravelCA()OvertheseyearsIhavehadanewunderstandingof_peopletraditionallycallaperfectperson.(2012江苏淮安江苏淮安)A.how B.what C.who D.whomA()Canyo
35、utellme_inthefuture?(2012江苏宿迁江苏宿迁)A.howlifewillbelikeB.howwilllifebelikeC.whatlifewillbelikeD.whatwilllifebelikeC()Doyouknow_?AttheendofJuly.(2012江苏连云港江苏连云港)A.howsoonisyoursisterrunningbackhomeB.howoftenNancyfromherpenfriendC.whentheLondonOlympicGameswillbeheldD.whenwillthenewcomputergamecomeoutC()-
36、Peter,isthereanythingelseyouwanttoknowaboutChina?-Yes,Iamstillwondering_.(2012江苏江苏南京南京)A.howisChinesepapercutmadeB.howwastheGreatWallbuiltinancienttimesC.whytheChinesepeopleliketoplaythedragondanceD.whydotheChinesepeopleeatricedumplingsatDragonBoatFestivalC()Wehaventdiscussedyet_.(2012江苏苏州江苏苏州)A.whe
37、rewearegoingtoputournewtableB.wherearewegoingtoputournewtableC.whatwearegoingtoputournewtableD.whatarewegoingtoputournewtableA()Iwonder_.(2012江苏镇江江苏镇江)A.ifDrMastillworksontheORBISplaneB.howmuchdoesthetallestmanintheworldweighC.whenAudreyHepburnhadenteredthefilmindustryD.thatArmstrongwasthefirstmanto
38、walkonthemoonA()Iwonder_.Imafraidwellbelate.(2011山东青岛山东青岛)A.howwecanbeontimeB.whatwearegoingtodoC.whywegettoschoollateD.ifwewillarriveatthemeetingontimeD()Doyouknow_tomorrow?Sorry,Idontknow.YoumaysurftheInternet.(2011湖南湘潭湖南湘潭)A.whetherwillitrainB.ifitwillrainC.whetherdoesitrainB()Mum,canwegototheart
39、museumtomorrow?Sure.Butfirstweshouldfindout_.(2011广西南宁市广西南宁市)A.whatcanwedoB.wherewecangoC.howcanwegothereD.ifitwillbeopenD()Wedontknow_themeetingwillbeheldsoon.(2011内蒙古包头内蒙古包头)A.whenB.whatC.whether D.sinceC()Doyouknow_Guangzhoutomorrow?(2011肇庆肇庆)A.whethertheyleaveforB.whetherwilltheyleaveforC.whethe
40、rtheyareleavingforC()IvedecidedtogotoLondonnextweekend.Iwaswondering_youcouldgowithme.(2011江西省江西省)A.ifB.whenC.thatD.whereA()Doyouthink_XiaoMingcanpassthehighschoolentranceexamornot?Sorry,Ivenoidea.(2011广西百色广西百色)A.thatB.whichC.ifD.whetherD()Hesaidthatlight_muchfasterthansound.(2011山东枣庄山东枣庄)A.hastravelledB.wentC.travels D.travelledC(2014年江苏扬州市中考年江苏扬州市中考)我怀疑那个活动是否值得参加。我怀疑那个活动是否值得参加。(2011山东威海山东威海)你妈妈想知道你是否已经安全到校。你妈妈想知道你是否已经安全到校。Yourmotherwantstoknowif/whetheryouhavearrivedat/reachedtheschoolsafely.Idoubtwhethertheactivityisworthtakingpartin.
