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1、现在分词作状语现在分词作状语 现在分词作状语时，表示主语在进行某一动作现在分词作状语时，表示主语在进行某一动作的同时所进行的另一动作，它对谓语动词起修饰的同时所进行的另一动作，它对谓语动词起修饰或陪衬作用，或陪衬作用，可充当可充当原因原因、时间时间、方式方式、结果结果条件条件、伴随状语，伴随状语，现在分词现在分词一般不用作表目的状语一般不用作表目的状语（通常用不定式表目的地状语）。（通常用不定式表目的地状语）。分词的逻辑主语分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系。含有逻辑上的主谓关系。 Eg. Hearing the be
2、ll, the students began to enter the classroom. 听见铃声，学生们开听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时发生）发生）The building being built now is our new library. 现在正在建造地现在正在建造地 这栋楼房室我们这栋楼房室我们地地 新图书馆（新图书馆（being built为现在分词的被为现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。）动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。）Having done the work, he went home. 完成完成了工作，他
3、就回家了。了工作，他就回家了。 Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.)While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.1）表时间状语表时间状语 相当于相当于when，while引导的时间状引导的时间状语语 (时间连词可省时间连词可省)2) 表原因状语表原因状语(相当相当as ,since,because引导
4、的状引导的状语从句语从句) Being ill, he didnt go to school. (=As he was ill, he didnt go to school.) Being a student, you should study hard. (=Since you are a student, you should study hard.） 由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。 Thinking he might be at home, I called him. (As I thought he might be at home
5、, I called him.) 3)表方式、伴随情况的状语表方式、伴随情况的状语(相当于一个并列分相当于一个并列分句句) ：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个主语的一个 动作动作，或是，或是与谓语所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生（或状态）同时发生，或是，或是对谓语表示的动词对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。Eg. He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.) 他们笑着谈着走进了教室。他们笑着谈着走
6、进了教室。_ , they went into the classroom. 他斜靠他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。着墙站着。 He stood leaning against the wall.(He stood and leaned against the wall.)Laughing and talking4) 表结果状语，其逻辑主语是前面的整个句子表结果状语，其逻辑主语是前面的整个句子(相当于相当于so that 引导的从句引导的从句) Eg. Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother.(=Her mothe
7、r died in 1990, and left her with her younger brother.) The song is sung all over the country,_. making it the most popular song5)表条件状语表条件状语(相当于相当于if 引导的从句引导的从句) Using your head, you will find a way. (=If you use your head, you will find a way.) 一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。 _, you will see
8、 a white house. Walking ahead6).让步状语让步状语(相当于相当于EVEN THOUGH ,EVEN IF, THOUGH/ALTHOUGH,)Tired,I continued to work. (7)与逻辑主语构成独立主格与逻辑主语构成独立主格(当分词的逻辑当分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时主语与句子的主语不一致时,必须有自己的主必须有自己的主语语)I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。All the tickets having been sold
9、 out, they went away disappointedly. . 所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Time permitting, well do another two exercises. 如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。 有时也可用有时也可用with (without) + +名词名词 （代词宾格）（代词宾格）+ +分词形式分词形式With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。他点着灯睡着了。 (8)作独立成分：作独立成分：Judging fro
10、m(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看，他一定是个演员。从外表看，他一定是个演员。现在分词做状语的几个特性：1.时间性时间性 。与谓语动词的动作同时发生，用一般式；。与谓语动词的动作同时发生，用一般式；如发生在谓语动词的动作之前则用完成时如发生在谓语动词的动作之前则用完成时having done2.语态性。语态性。 与句子的主语是主谓关系或动宾关系。遵与句子的主语是主谓关系或动宾关系。遵循循“主动进行，被动完成主动进行，被动完成”3.人称一致。现在分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语人称一致。现在分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语 1. When he
11、 approached Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. _ _ Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. Rewrite the following sentences.When approaching2. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. The person _ _ _can speak seven languages.translating the songs3.
12、The boy standing there is reading a book about body language. The boy _ _ _ there is reading a book about body language.who is standing4. Because he comes from Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. _ _ Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question.Coming from5. She sat at the desk and did her
13、 homework. She sat at the desk _ _ _.doing herhomework Practise: (1)They set out _ for the _ boy.A.searching; losing B. searching; lost C. to search; lost D. searched; losing(2) The student sat there, _ what to do.A.doesnt knowing B. didnt knowing C. not know D. not knowingCD现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加现在分
14、词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not (never)(3)He sat there _ , with his head on his hand.A.and think B. thinking C. thought D. being thought(4) The _ Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.visiting; add B. visited; adding C. visiting; adding D. visited; add
15、edBC1.The secretary worked late into the night, _a long speech for the president.(MET91)A.To prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing 2.European foot ball is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world.(NMET 98)A.Making B. makes C. made D. to makeB现在分词表结果状语现在分词表结果状语A 现在
16、分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语高考链接3. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the notice. (MET93)A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily point D. and angrily pointingA现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语4. _ a reply, he decided to write again.(MET92)A.Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received
17、5._ his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.(上海上海91年题年题)A.Not knowing B. knowing not C. Not having known D. Having not knownCA现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。定词通常放在现在分词前面。作原因状语作原因状语4. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _, and asked myse
18、lf what I was going to do. (湖南湖南2007)A. movedB. movingC. to move D. being moved5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, _ in the natural light during the day. (天津天津2007)A. to let B. lettingC. let D. having let6. _ that she didnt do a good job, I dont think I am abl
19、er than her. (陕西陕西2007)A. To have said B. Having saidC. To say D. Saying7. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing.(江苏江苏2006)A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said8. Dont sit there _ nothing. Come and help me with this table. (湖北湖北2006
20、)A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing9. When _ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.(浙江浙江2006)A. compared B. being comparedC. comparing D. having compared10. While watching television, _. (2005全国卷全国卷III)A. the doorbell rang B. the
21、doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ringD. we heard the doorbell rings11. _ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (北京北京2004)A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited 1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think o
22、f it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.Not havingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错单句改错5. “ Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice
23、on the wall.6. Knocking at the door before entering, please.7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingKnockmaking Grammar work 语法专练语法专练用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Not _(know) his address, I couldnt go to see him yesterday.2. Look out for car
24、s when _(cross) the street.3. Not _ (invite) to the party, Mary was greatly hurt.knowingcrossinghaving been invited4. He dived into the water, _ (leave) only his face exposed.5. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door, _ (read) “Sorry to miss you; I will call later.”6. _ (take) a dee
25、p breath, they dived into the water.7. _ (close) the windows and the door, the students left the room.leavingreadingTakingHaving closed1. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always _ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said AGrammar quiz 语法小
26、测语法小测2. There are hundreds of visitors _ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait C3. “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran B4. The manager, _ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us, left t
27、he meeting room. (江西2005)A. who has madeB. having madeC. made D. making用动词的用动词的-ing形式改写下列句子。形式改写下列句子。1. The picture that hangs on the wall is a world-famous one.The picture _ on the wall is a world-famous one.2. Because he hadnt received an answer, he decided to write another letter to him._ _ _ an
28、answer, he decided to write another letter to him.hangingNot having received3. When he sees the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown._ the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown.4. Because it is Sunday, there are no students in the school. It _ _, there are no students in the school.5. He hunted all the shops to look for a nice present for his mother.He hunted all the shops, _ _ a nice present for his mother.looking for Seeing being Sunday
