TheBritishMediaTheBritishMedia英国的英国的媒体媒体 Focal points1. Popularity of the media (媒体的受欢迎程度)2. The quality press (优质报章)3. The Observer 《观察家报》4. The Times 《泰晤士报》5. The Guardian 《卫报》6. The Telegraph 《电讯报》7. The Financial Time《金融时报》8. The tabloids (小报)9. Television and radio (电视和无线电)10. The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) (英国广播公司)11. The Independent Television Commission (独立电视委员会) ØHow many media types do you know? What are they?ØWhat’s the function of media? Division of media Popularity of the mediaThe media is central to British leisure culture The degree of popularity of the media in UK: 1st : TV 2nd: newspaper 3rd: radio The functions of the mediavprovide entertainment; vinformation about political and social issues; vweather reports; vcarry advertising; veducation; vprovide a forum for people to write letters or phone in to express their views or seek advice; vengendering a national culture vIt has one of the world’s oldest established newspaper industries;vlate 18th & early 19th centuryvReasons:vBritain began to industrializevThe democratic franchise(选举权） was extendedvLiteracy （识字）level rosevThe Observer (1791): the world’s oldest national papervThe Times (1785): the UK’s oldest daily newspaperBritish Newspapers The power of the pressvPoliticsvWatchdog（监督者） function: offer the electorate objective reports (the importance of free press to the functioning of parliamentary democracy)vBusinessvInform potential customers about their products and services, so the advertising business was born Advertising Code (广告法规广告法规AC)vIn Britain, most advertising is carried in newspapers. All media must follow AC vIt makes sure that all advertisements are legal, decent, honest and truthfulvAll advertisements should have a sense of responsibility for consumers and society vAll should respect the principles of fair competition.vAdvertising Standards Board (广告标准委员会） Controversial Benetton ad designs vBritish newspaper culture is unusual(不常见的） in the extent to which class and educational differences are reflected in the newspapers people readvThe quality press(严肃的报纸) or the broadsheetsvThe gutter press(低级趣味报纸) or the tabloids The Quality PressvThe quality press carry more serious and in-depth articles of particular political and social importancevThey also carry reviews and feature articles about high culture and will generally be read by a well-educated, middle class audiencevThe Daily Telegraph《每日电报》vThe Times《泰晤士报》vThe Guardian 《卫报》vThe Observer《观察家报》 The Daily TelegraphvFounded in 1855, it is a daily morning broadsheet（大幅印刷） newspaper distributed throughout the United Kingdom and internationally and it is for its centre-right and conservative stancevIn January 2009, the Telegraph was the highest selling newspaper among British broadsheets The Times http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/ vIt is a daily national newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785 vThough traditionally a moderately centre-right newspaper and a supporter of the Conservatives, it supported the Labour Party in the 2001 and 2005 general elections The Guardianhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/ vIt (formerly known as The Manchester Guardian) is a British national daily newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. vFounded in 1821, it is known for its left-of-centre political stance. At the 2010 election it supported the Liberal Democrats.vThe Guardian is “a paper that will remain bourgeois to the last” .vThe Observer is its sister Sunday paper The Gutter PressTabloid: It is a smaller format newspaper with colour photos and catchy headlines. It carries scandals and gossip usually about famous people so as to attract readers. Stories are short, easy to read and often rely more on opinion than fact. The News of the WorldIt began publishing as a paper in 1843. It gives great coverage on crime, sport and sex stories. By the 1930s it was Britain’s most popular Sunday paper, selling 3.4 million copies each week. It now sells about 4.7 million papers each week, and is Britain’s biggest seller. vIt was the home of the British press until the 1980s. vIt is also known as the Street of Shame（羞耻街）vEven though the last major British news office, Reuters, left in 2005,Fleet Street continues to be referred to British newspaper culture. Fleet Street British Newspapers—political learningThe Daily Telegraph (daily quality newspaper): The Daily Mail (daily mid-market newspaper):The Financial Times (daily quality newspaper): The Times (daily quality newspaper):The Sunday Times (weekly quality newspaper): The Sun (daily popular newspaper): The Independent (daily quality newspaper):The Daily Mirror (daily popular newspaper): The Guardian (daily quality newspaper):ConservativeLiberal-socialist vOfficially speaking the British newspapers are free from government control and censorship （新闻检查）and can print what they like, but many British laws limit the freedom of newspapers.v The media are also affected by Official Secret Act (官方保密法案). a legal act which demands that all government information is kept secret unless the government says it can be released and those who break this legal act would be fined or even sent to prison.Other information about British newspaper v“there is almost no escape from television”v 97%households have a TV set and virtally everybody has a radio, 4hours a day watching TV.vTo not participate in British television viewing is to effectively cut oneself off from British culture and societyvWhat do British people watch?vBritish soaps present gritty and realistic accounts of the everyday life of Britons and are of high quality. (local pub)The Broadcast media Coronation Street(加冕街) East Enders(伦敦东区伦敦东区) vBritain has a fairly conservative television culturevSatellite TV is not so popular.vThere are only 5 television channels— BBC1, BBC2, funded by license fees and three other channels, run by the Independent Television Commission (独立电视委员会ITC) and funded by advertising (ITV 1, Channel 4, Channel 5) The Broadcasting Act（广播法案）（广播法案）It is designed to keep ownership of broadcast media widely spread so there are no concentrations of media power in the hands of a few, and foreign ownership is not allowed. It’s also to retain standards of decency, taste, accuracy and balance. BBC http://www.bbc.co.uk/ vThe British Broadcasting Corporation （英国广播公司）was founded in 1927 as a public service radio station and later moved into television in 1936. It’s now Britain’s main public service broadcaster. vIt currently has two TV channels. BBC1 specializes in shows with a broad appeal. BBC2 supplies special interest audiences with documentaries and shows aimed at particular social groups. vThe BBC also provides the World Service which broadcasts in English and 43 other languages throughout the world. The importance of TV to British politicsvWith TV, politicians “come into our living room” and so they have to seem more relaxed and friendly, as if they are speaking to us personally.vspin doctors:为政治家们上电视作讲演的形象设为政治家们上电视作讲演的形象设计顾问计顾问 vThe sessions （会议）to be televised in 1990. vThe British government is one of the country’s 10 biggest advertisers. 英国主要报刊杂志网站大全 一、英国全国性高级报纸有：一、英国全国性高级报纸有： 1、《泰晤士报》 Times：http://www.thetimes.co.uk 2、《每日电讯报》 The Daily Telegraph：http://www.dailytelegraph.co.uk 3、《卫报》 The Guardian：http://www.guardian.co.uk/ 4、《金融时报》 The Financial Times： 5、《星期日电讯报》 Sunday Dispatch： 6、《观察家报》 The Observer：http://www.observer.co.uk 7、《星期日泰晤士报》The Sunday Times：www.sunday-times.co.uk/ 二、英国全国性通俗报纸有：二、英国全国性通俗报纸有： 1、《每日快报》 The Daily Express：http://www.express.co.uk/ 2、《每日邮报》 The Daily Mail：http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ 3、《每日镜报》 Daily Mirror：http://www.mirror.co.uk/ 4、《星期日快报》 The Sunday Express 5、《世界新闻报》 The News of the World：www.newsoftheworld.co.uk （一个很有特点的英语新闻网站） 三、地方性报纸三、地方性报纸 它主要以刊登本地新闻和广告为主,具有浓厚的地方特色。
包括晨报、晚报、周报、3日刊 1、《格拉斯哥先驱报》 (Glasgow Herald) http://www.theherald.co.uk/ 2、《旗帜晚报》 ( The Evening Standard ) 3、《新闻晚报》 (The Evening News)：www.eveningtimes.co.uk 英国主要报刊杂志网站大全 结束结束 。