LESSON 53Hot snake Natural disasters are happening with increasing frequency.['nætʃərəl] [dɪ'zæstɚs ] sandstorm ['sænd,stɔrm] 沙尘暴 volcano[vɑl'keno] 火山 Typhoon[ tai'fu:n ] 台风台风 drought[draut] 旱灾旱灾 Earthquak [ ə:θkweik] 地震地震 Fire [ 'fai ] 火灾火灾 Fire [ 'fai ]Earthquak [ ə:θkweik]Drought[draut]Tsunami [tsu'nɑmi]Volcano[vɑl'keno] sandstorm ['sænd,stɔrm]Have you ever experienced any natural disasters? Which one is more frequent.? A big fire !!! Tell me some words about fire or associations with a fire!!!§fire§smoke§destory§fireman§remains§cry§dead§Cause of the fire! Some words about another firehot[hɑt] [kɔz] [ɪg'zæmɪn] ['faɪrmən] [,æksə'dɛntlɪ] [rɪ'menz] [sɑlv] ['mɪstərɪ] [spɑrk] fire/mancauseexa/mineac/ci/den/ta/llyre/mainsmysterysparksol/ven .消防队员v; n. 引起引起; 原因原因v .检查检查adv. 意外地意外地, 偶然地偶然地n. 尸体尸体, 残骸残骸v .解决解决n .谜谜n .火花火花adj. 带电的带电的, 充电的充电的 What’s missing?hot[hɑt] [kɔz] ['faɪrmən] [,æksə'dɛntlɪ] [rɪ'menz] [sɑlv] [spɑrk] firemancauseaccidentallyremainssparksolven .消防队员消防队员v; n. 引起引起; 原因原因v .检查检查adv. 意外地意外地, 偶然地偶然地n. 尸体尸体, 残骸残骸v .解决解决n .谜谜n .火花火花adj. 带电的带电的, 充电的充电的 hot-wings 辣鸡翅；辣鸡翅； hot-hot-hot 麻辣烫；麻辣烫； ★★hot adj •1）热的，炎热的）热的，炎热的•Strike while the iron is hot. •趁热打铁趁热打铁.•hot 炎热的炎热的 warm 温暖的温暖的 •cool 凉爽的凉爽的 chilly 寒冷的寒冷的 cold 寒冷的寒冷的,严严寒的寒的•2）调味品辣的）调味品辣的•辣椒和芥末是辣的辣椒和芥末是辣的.•Pepper and mustard are hot. •3）强烈的）强烈的,激烈的激烈的,热烈的热烈的.•have a hot temper 脾气暴躁脾气暴躁•a hot potato• 棘手或讨厌的事物或情况棘手或讨厌的事物或情况 •hot dog 热狗热狗•hot-tempered 火暴火暴(脾气脾气)的的 •hot line 热线热线•hot topic 热门话题热门话题•hot cake 热蛋糕热蛋糕 ★★fireman=firefighter• n 消防队员消防队员•hydrant [`haidrənt]• n.消防栓消防栓•fire extinguisher •灭火器灭火器 •Extinguish [ik`stiŋgwiʃ]•＝＝put out •灭火灭火 ★★fireman• n 消防队员消防队员•hydrant [`haidrənt]• n.消防栓消防栓 ★★cause •1））V. 引起引起•cause sth : 引起（麻烦）引起（麻烦）•粗心导致事故粗心导致事故•Carelessness causes accidents. •骄傲使人失败骄傲使人失败•Pride causes failure•cause sb to do sth •引起某人做某事引起某人做某事, 导致某人做某事导致某人做某事•2））n. 原因原因 •cause : 强调事情发生的直接原因强调事情发生的直接原因(一个一个)•reason : 其他各种的理由其他各种的理由(很多个很多个)be caused by…某事由某事由…引起引起 carelessness ★ ★ examine•1））v. 仔细观察仔细观察,检查检查,调查调查•消防队员检查了森林的每一寸土地。
消防队员检查了森林的每一寸土地•The firefighters examined every inch of the forest.•2））v. 诊查诊查•医生仔细的诊察了病人医生仔细的诊察了病人•The doctor examined his patient carefully •3））v. 考试考试,测试测试•examine students in English•n. exam 考试考试=examination ★ ★ accidentally adv. 意外地意外地,偶然地偶然地•adj. accidental 意外的意外的,偶然的偶然的 •意外死亡意外死亡•an accidental death•accident•n. 事故事故,意外意外•车祸车祸•a car accident•Accidentally=by chance=by accident•我偶然间发现了金矿我偶然间发现了金矿•I found a gold mine by accident / accidentally. ★ ★ remains•1））n. 剩余物剩余物,残余物残余物 •残汤剩饭残汤剩饭•the remains of a meal•2））n. (古建筑等物古建筑等物)遗址遗址,废墟废墟 •圆明园遗址圆明园遗址•the remains of Yuanmingyuan•3））n. 遗体遗体,遗骸遗骸 •毛主席的遗体被保存在水晶棺材里。
毛主席的遗体被保存在水晶棺材里•The remains of Chairman Mao were kept well in a crystal coffin. •remain•1））v. 留下留下,剩下剩下,遗留遗留•大火之后，我的房子里什么也没剩下大火之后，我的房子里什么也没剩下•After the fire, nothing remained in my house. •要做的事还很多要做的事还很多•Much remains to be done. •木已成舟木已成舟•What’s done is done.•2））v. 仍是仍是,保持不变保持不变•他保持沉默他保持沉默•He remained silent. ★ ★ wire•n. 金属线，电线金属线，电线 •他用一根金属线把筐绑到了自行车上他用一根金属线把筐绑到了自行车上•He tied a basket to the bicycle with a piece of wire.•telephone wires 线线•Electric wires 电线电线•wireless adj. 无线的无线的 •wireless telegraphy 无线电报无线电报★★volt n. 伏特伏特•voltage n. 电压电压,伏特数伏特数 ★ ★ power•1）电力，动力）电力，动力 •electric power 电力电力•water power 水力水力•2）力）力,能力能力 （自然的体力、智力）（自然的体力、智力）•His power is failing.•他的体力在衰退。
他的体力在衰退•3）权力）权力,支配力支配力,势力势力 •political power 政治权力政治权力•not within one’s power= beyond one’s power •力所不能及力所不能及•我无法理解计算机是如何工作的我无法理解计算机是如何工作的•It is beyond my power to understand how the computer works. •solve v. 解决解决,解答解答,回答回答 =work out•解决问题解决问题•solve a problem•解开谜团解开谜团•solve a mystery•我们必须解决经济危机我们必须解决经济危机•We must solve the economic crisis.•n. solution 解决解决,解答解答•花费了很长时间才找出解决方法花费了很长时间才找出解决方法•It took a long time to find the solution •snatch•1））v. 抢抢,夺夺,掠取掠取 •snatch up 抓起来抓起来•贼把她的包抓起来逃跑了贼把她的包抓起来逃跑了。
•The thief snatched her bag and ran away.•在他妈妈刚要看那张纸的时候，他把它夺走了在他妈妈刚要看那张纸的时候，他把它夺走了•He snatched the paper as his mother was about to see it.•2））v. (趁机趁机)迅速取得迅速取得,急急忙忙吃完饭急急忙忙吃完饭 •他出其不意他出其不意,吻了她一下吻了她一下•He snathed a kiss from her. 辨析辨析•snatch 迅速而有力迅速而有力(粗鲁地粗鲁地)抓住抓住,抢抢 • snatch a chance•grab 抓抓,抢抢,抢夺抢夺,抓住抓住(热切而拼命地热切而拼命地) • grab sth from sb/ grab sth from sth •grasp 1) 抓住或咬住抓住或咬住,抓紧抓紧 • grasp a chance 抓住机会抓住机会 • 2)掌握掌握 • grasp a language•hold 抓住抓住,握住握住,托住托住 单词学习单词学习•hot •fireman •cause •examine •accidentally •remains •wind•wire •volt •power line •solve •mystery •snatch •spark adj. 带电的，通电的带电的，通电的n. 消防队员消防队员v. 引起；引起； n. 原因原因v. 检查检查adv. 意外地，偶然地意外地，偶然地n. 尸体，残骸尸体，残骸v. 缠绕缠绕n. 电线电线n. 伏特（电压单位）伏特（电压单位）电力线电力线v. 解决解决n. 谜谜v. 抓住抓住n. 电火花电火花 Comprehension questions1 Where was there a big forest fire? In California. 2 Have firemen put it out? Yes, they have. 3 What have they been trying to find out since then? How the fire began. 4 What are forest fires often caused by? Broken glass or cigarette ends. 1. At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. 消防队员们终于扑灭了加利福尼亚的一场森林大火。
消防队员们终于扑灭了加利福尼亚的一场森林大火 at last（终于，到底）表示经过一番努力之后put out可以表示“扑灭”、“熄灭”、“关掉”Please put the light/ fire out. 请把灯关掉／把火灭掉Far water does not put out near fire. [谚]远水救不了近火 2. Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began. 从那时起，他们一直试图找出起火的原因从那时起，他们一直试图找出起火的原因 since then 从那时起，到现在为止find out （经过研究、努力等）找出，发现，查出……We shall find out the truth early or late. 我们迟早会查明事实真相Go and find out the truth to report back quickly. 立刻查明事实真相回来汇报我会试着查出昨天救了我的人的名字I’ll try and find out the name of the person who saved my life yesterday. 3. Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away. 森林火灾时常由破碎的玻璃或人们随手扔掉的香烟头引起。
森林火灾时常由破碎的玻璃或人们随手扔掉的香烟头引起 be caused by… 由…所引起His death was caused by a high fever. 他的死亡是由高烧引起的The accident was caused by the drunk driver.事故是由酒后驾车的司机造成的 cigarette ends 烟头烟头Throw away 扔掉，丢弃扔掉，丢弃Throw about 随处扔随处扔Throw at 扔向（有目标性）扔向（有目标性）Throw to 扔向（无目标性扔向（无目标性 4. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not able to find any broken glass. 昨天，消防队员仔细查看了地面，但未能发现碎玻璃昨天，消防队员仔细查看了地面，但未能发现碎玻璃 be able to 能够能够 ；；be not able to 没有能够没有能够The doctors were not able to treat this disease.医生治不了这种病。
I am sorry, I am not able to help you. 对不起，我无法帮助您I was not able to get in touch with you yesterday.我昨天无法和你联络上他现在没办法接你的He is not able to take your call at the moment.我无法回答您的问题I am not able to help you with your questions. 5. They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire. 他们还十分肯定火灾也不是由烟头引起的他们还十分肯定火灾也不是由烟头引起的 be sure 确定确定Be sure to sweep the room clean. 一定要把房间打扫干净I am sure you would get along very well with him. 我相信你一定会跟他相处得很好One thing is sure; he can't have gone far. 有一点是肯定的，他不可能走得很远。
She is sure to pass the examination. 她一定会通过考试start a fire＝＝cause a fire 引发火灾引发火灾 6. This morning, however, a fireman accidentally discovered the cause. 然而今天上午，一个消防队员偶然发现了起火的原因然而今天上午，一个消防队员偶然发现了起火的原因 discover 发现（偶然发现某个已经存在的东西）发现（偶然发现某个已经存在的东西）They discover that the new teacher is very strict.他们发现新来的老师非常严格He was surprised to discover that his best friend had turned traitor. 他惊讶地发现他最好的朋友竟成了叛徒I do not discover that until I go to pay.我去付钱的时候才发现 7. he noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,.000-volt power line. 他发现了缠绕在16，000伏高压线上的一条死蛇。
the remains表示表示“尸体尸体”、、“残骸残骸”，必须用复数形式，必须用复数形式wound为为wind的过去分词的过去分词wind在这里不表示在这里不表示“蜿蜒蜿蜒”，而表示，而表示“卷在卷在……上上”、、“缠绕缠绕”，常与，常与around／／round连用：连用： Did you wind this piece of wire round the tree? 是你把这根铁丝缠在树上的吗？是你把这根铁丝缠在树上的吗？ 8. In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. 就这样，他解开了起火之谜解释很简单，却异就这样，他解开了起火之谜解释很简单，却异乎寻常 Solve v. 解决解决 e.g. solve the problem 解决问题解决问题 9. A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires. 一只鸟把蛇从地上抓起来，然后把它扔到了电线上。
于一只鸟把蛇从地上抓起来，然后把它扔到了电线上于是蛇就缠住了几根电线是蛇就缠住了几根电线 snatch v. 抓抓 The man snatched her purse and ran. 那人抓起她的钱包就跑强调动作很快很猛）那人抓起她的钱包就跑强调动作很快很猛） drop & fall a. drop 表示表示 “使落下、使掉落使落下、使掉落”，是及物动词，是及物动词, 带宾语：带宾语： He dropped the bag. b. fall 表示表示 “掉下、跌倒掉下、跌倒”，是不及物动词，不能带宾，是不及物动词，不能带宾语 He fell down the stairs and broke his leg. 10. The snake then wound itself round the wires. When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire. 于是蛇就缠住了几根电线当它这样做时，把火花送到了于是蛇就缠住了几根电线当它这样做时，把火花送到了地面，这些火花立刻引起了一场大火。
地面，这些火花立刻引起了一场大火 When it did so…当它这样做时当它这样做时…… so常用于一些动词之后，代指前面提过的某个动作／某件常用于一些动词之后，代指前面提过的某个动作／某件事，以免重复：事，以免重复： Has Susan got into University? I believe / think so. 本课所需掌握词组本课所需掌握词组: put out in this way since then solve the mystery find out snatch up throw away wind… round Key to Summary writingNow that firemen have put out a big forest fire in California,they have been trying to discover its cause. There was no evidencethat it was started by broken glass or a cigarette end. However a fireman has just solved the mystery. He noticed the remains of a snake which had been dropped by a bird on to some electric wires. In winding itself round the wires, the snake had sent sparks to the ground and this caused the fire. 现在完成进行时现在完成进行时构成：构成：have/has been+doing含义：含义：1）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去。
动作，并且还将持续下去2）表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的）表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作 与现在完成时的区别与现在完成时的区别I have been writing a book.我一直在写一本书我一直在写一本书动作还将继续下去）（动作还将继续下去） I have written a book.我已经写了一本书我已经写了一本书动作已经完成（动作已经完成 What shall we do if a fire happens?Discussion Do or not to do4. Take the left.乘电梯逃离5. Jump out of the tall building.跳楼.1.Use wet quilt or cloth to block the door.用湿的被褥或衣服堵住门2.To make a quick departure， run away.当机立断，迅速逃离 3.Call 114.6.putting it out with a fire-extinguisher用灭火器灭火7.Find some extra way to get themselves out in free time.多掌握几条逃生路线。