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1、Unit 1The world of our senses【1】 sight n. 情景，风景；视力in sight 看得到，在视力范围之内( within sight)out of sight 看不见catch sight of 一眼看见at first sight 乍一看；初看时lose sight of 看不到view, scenery, scene, sight view, scenery, scene, sight都有“景色”的含义，其区别是：(1)view普遍用语，指从某处或远处所看到的视野范围内的景色，多为自然景色。There is a fine view of the moun
2、tain from our hotel window.从我们旅馆的窗口可以看到秀丽的山景。辨析辨析(2)scenery “景色”的总称，指一个地方乃至一个国家的整个外景或外貌，是由多个scene构成的景色。The scenery of this country is unparalleled.这个国家的风景无与伦比。眼不见，心不烦。 (3)scene是指从观察者的角度所看到的具体的、局部的或一时的景色，可与view通用，但多包括了其中的人及其活动；也可指戏剧或电影的场景、片段。The scene of sunset was very beautiful.日落的景色是非常美的。辨析辨析(4)si
3、ght多用复数，常指人工景观，某处或者某地令人感兴趣的建筑物、地方等名胜。作不可数名词时，意为“看见，视野”。Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见，心不烦。辨析辨析The last _ of the play is very impressive.The Imperial Palace is one of the greatest _ in China.The _ is magnificent.Id like a room with a _.The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common _ in
4、 many parts of the city.A. look B. signC. sight D. appearancescenesightssceneryviewClook指“表情”；sign指“迹象”；sight指“景象”；appearance指“外貌”。根据语境应选C项表示“当街挂衣服是一种很常见的景象”。【2】 sense n. 感官；辨别力；意义，价值， vt. 感觉，了解The blind have a good sense of touch.盲人的触觉很棒。make sense 有意义There is no sense in/of arguing with him.与他争辩是没
5、有意义的。The horse sensed danger and stopped.马感觉到了危险，于是停了下来。sensitive adj. 敏感的，灵敏的come to ones senses 醒过来out of/lose ones senses 失去神智in a sense 在某种意义上a sense of direction/humour/duty 方向感/幽默感/责任感in a broad/narrow sense 在广义/狭义上来讲in no sense 决不拓展拓展这个句子不通。_无论如何这个问题都不能说已经解决了。_作为一个生活伴侣，最重要的素质之一是幽默感。_This sent
6、ence doesnt make sense.In no sense can this issue be said to be resolved.One of the most important things in a partner is a sense of humour.答案答案【3】辨析beat, defeat, win, gain(1) beat着重“连续地击打”，如殴打、体罚、海浪拍岸、心跳。其宾语必须是人或一个集体，是游戏比赛的专门用词。Hes alive his heart is still beating.他还活着心脏还在跳。They beat the enemies at
7、 last.他们最终打败了敌军。(2) defeat 与beat同义，其宾语也必须是人或一个集体。尤指在战场上打败敌人。Our men were heavily defeated in the battle.我军在此次战役中受到重创。suffer a defeat 战败；遭受挫败conquer指“征服，战胜”，特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”。conquer nature 征服自然overcome 战胜、压倒、克服(尤指“感情”而言)overcome difficulties 克服困难拓展拓展(3)win 表示在较强的竞争中取胜，其宾语常是game, war, prize, fame, ba
8、ttle等。Their team has won the game.他们队赢了这场比赛。(4)gain表示获得需要的东西，它常跟的宾语有ones living, experience, strength, time, knowledge, attention, respect, admiration等。We shall gain experience through much practice.我们应该通过大量的实践来获得经验。拓展拓展We _ them in the game last week and finally _ the match.A. defeated; won B. won;
9、 wonC. beat; defeated D. won; beatWe believe that our school team will _ the match against yours because we have better players.A. defeat B. winC. lose D. beatA第一空表示“战胜某人”用beat/defeat；第二空表示“赢得比赛”用win。Bwin the match 赢得比赛；“赢了某人”要说beat/defeat sb.。【4】cover n. 封面，盖子，罩， v. 覆盖，遮盖，掩盖On the front cover of th
10、e magazine is a picture of a boy.杂志的封面是一张男孩的照片。Do not try to cover a mistake.不要试图掩盖错误。他哈哈大笑以掩饰他紧张的心情。_森林覆盖着这个国家的大片土地。_她双手掩面。_He laughed to cover his nervousness.Much of the country is covered by forest.She covered her face with her hands.答案答案【5】avoid v. 避免，逃避；躲开She tried to avoid answering my questi
11、ons.她试图避而不答我的问题。The boy avoided punishment by running away.那个男孩用逃跑来逃避惩罚。通常用动名词作宾语的动词如下：admit, delay, practise, mind, risk, enjoy, escape, miss, finish, excuse, forgive, imagine, stand, bear, suggest, deny, envy, keep拓展拓展Tryon was extremely angry, but coolheaded enough to _ storming into the bosss of
12、fice.A. turn B. avoidC. prohibit D. preventB【6】 feed vt. & vi. (fed, fed)喂养，饲养；供给；提供 (with)We feed the birds every day.我们每天给鸟喂食。This moving belt feeds the machine with raw material.这条传送带供给机器所需原料。feed on 以为生/主食，以为能源Sheep feed on grass.羊吃的是草。拓展拓展raise, keep, support, feed(1) raise意为“抚养(指人)；饲养(禽畜等动物)”。
13、He raised the children himself；his wife died years ago.他的妻子多年以前就去世了，他一手把孩子们拉扯大。He raised those goats from newborn kids.那些山羊从小羊羔时就是他喂养的。(2) keep表示“养活(指人)；饲养(禽畜等动物)”。John has his wife and six children to keep (support)约翰要养活妻子和6个孩子。辨析辨析(3) support意为“养活”，不用于饲养动物。He has a large family to support.他要养活一大家子
14、。(4) feed意为“喂养；饲养；以为食”。辨析辨析Tigers _ meateating animals _ meat.A. belonging to; feed onB. belonged to; feed withC. are belonged to; are fed onD. are belonged to; feed byAbelong to为不及物动词，其过去分词形式不能作后置定语。【7】 chance n. C 机会；可能性； U 偶然性，运气，vi. 碰巧，偶然发生Chance led to the finding of the diamond mine.这座钻石矿是偶然发现
15、的。We have a good chance of winning the game.我们很可能赢得这场比赛。I chanced to meet an old friend in the park today.今天我在公园碰巧遇见一位老朋友。It chances thatIt happens that碰巧by any chance 万一，碰巧，或许by chanceby accidentIt happens that偶然，意外地take a chance 冒一冒险，碰碰运气拓展拓展Ann never dreams of _ for her to be sent abroad very soo
16、n.A. there to be a chanceB. there being a chanceC. there be a chanceD. being a chance Bdream of后接there be的动名词形式作宾语。答案答案【8】 glance vi. 匆匆一看，一瞥He glanced his eyes down the titles of the articles.他匆匆看了一遍文章的标题。glance off 斜擦而过，擦过；掠过at first glance 乍看来glance over/through 匆匆看一眼glance about/around/round 环视拓
17、展拓展他环视了一下房间。_她大致浏览了一下报告。_球从球门柱上斜擦入网。_He glanced around the room.She glanced through the report.The ball glanced off the post into the net.答案答案【1】make the most of 尽量利用，充分利用 These photos make the most of the beauty of the morning in the mountains.这些照片将山中早晨的美景表现得淋漓尽致。重点短语重点短语take the advantage of 利用(运用
18、)make (full/good) use of (充分/好好)利用make the best of 充分利用拓展拓展 Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our study? If you make _ most of the time, there will be _ rise in your study efficiency.A. /; / B. the; aC. /; a D. the; /Bmake the most of意为“充分利用”，为固定搭配，由此排除A、C两项；rise具体指“学习效率的提高”，为抽象名词具
19、体化，故前面用不定冠词a。【2】 add to 增加，增进Your congratulations added to my joy.你的祝贺让我更加快乐。重点短语重点短语add vt. 增加，补充He ended his speech, adding that he would come again.他结束了演讲，并补充说他还会来。addto把加到中The cook added some salt to the soup.厨师在汤中加入了一些盐。add up 加起来Add up all the money that I owe you.把我欠你的钱都加起来。add up to总共是，总计是Hi
20、s school education added up to only five years.他的学校教育总共只有5年。拓展拓展He asked friends to help him find new stamps to add _ his collection.A. up B. toC. up to D. inB句中的不定式to add to his collection“以增加他的邮集”，为目的状语。 【3】be related (to) 和有联系；和有关系；有亲属关系Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.这一地区
21、的许多犯罪都与滥用毒品有关。These problems are closely related.这些问题都是密切相关的。How is this fact related to that one?这个事实是如何和另外一个有关系的？Are you related to Mary? 你与玛丽是一家人吗？重点短语重点短语(1) relate v. 联系；使有联系；把联系在一起；叙述I found it difficult to relate the two ideas in my mind.我觉得很难把这两种想法联系在一起。She related how he had run away from h
22、ome as a boy.她追述了他小时候是如何离家出走的。(2) relate to 涉及；与相关；理解并同情；了解We should discuss the problem as it relates to our specific case.由于该问题涉及我们的具体情况，我们应该加以讨论。拓展拓展The second paragraph relates to the situation in Scotland.第二段谈到苏格兰的形势。Many adults cant relate to children.许多成年人并不了解儿童的想法。(3)relate n关系U；亲属Cin/with r
23、elation to sb./sth. 与有关；涉及拓展拓展 Whats wrong with him? He suffers from memory loss _ his disease.A. joined in B. related toC. connected with D. referred to我无法把他所做的事情和所说的话联系起来。(汉译英)_B句意：他得了和他的病有关的失忆症。related to是形容词作后置定语，意为“和有关的；与有联系的”。connect with表示“连接”；join in参与某种活动；refer to谈及，查阅，都不合句意。I cant relate w
24、hat he does to what he says.【1】 Once out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop.她一走到街上，就匆匆地向往常乘车的站台走去。once连接时间状语从句，常可以省略主谓的一部分，该状语从句补全为：Once she was out in the street，疑难句型疑难句型_ having confidence, you will be successful in the interview.A. Before B. OnceC. Until D. ThoughB句意：一旦你有了信心，你在面试中就会成功的。once having confidence once you have confidence。
