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1、UNIT 4UNIT 4HELPING PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLDHELPING PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD( (主题语境主题语境: :人与自我人与自我做人与做事做人与做事) )-3-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.lack vt.(所需事物的)缺乏,短缺;没有(某事物)n.缺少,不足高考佳句Whatislackingtodayistheconflictbetweenadolescentsdesireforautonomyandtheirunderstandingofanunsafeworld.现在所缺乏的是青少年对自主性的渴望与他们对不安全世界的理解之间的
2、冲突。(1)lack+n.缺乏lackfor+n.(多用于否定句中)需要;需求(2)forlackof+n.因缺乏alackof+n.缺乏nolackof不缺乏(3)belackinginsth.不足;缺乏用法点拨lack不用于被动语态。-4-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)ItthepoweroftheItaliancars.它没有意大利汽车动力强劲。(2)Despitehis,hegotthejob.他虽然经验不足,但还是获得了这份工作。(3)Manyassociationsarebreakingupmoney.许多社团因缺乏资金而纷纷解散。(4)Butyoucantbesucces
3、sfulwhentherestrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.但如果出错的人不负责修正错误的话,就会出现信任缺失,那么你就不会成功。lackslackofexperienceforlackofalackof-5-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.worthy adj.令人敬重的;值得的,相称的;有价值的经典例句Thatisworthyofnote.那件事值得注意。(1)beworthyofsth./ofbeingdone/tobedone值得
4、(做)某事(2)worthwhileadj.重要的;令人愉快的;值得花时间或花钱、努力(等)的Itsworthwhiletodo/doingsth.值得做某事(3)worthadj.值得的;值钱的n.价值beworth+n.值得,值beworthdoingsth.值得做某事-6-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用worth,worthwhile,worthy填空(1)Thefactoryisvisiting.(2)Thefactoryisofavisit.(3)Thefactoryisofbeingvisited.(4)Thefactoryistobevisited.(5)Itsvisitin
5、gthefactory.(6)Thismaysurpriseyou,butoneofthebesttoolsformakingcookingyourtimeisexperimentation.worthworthyworthyworthyworthwhileworth-7-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.equal adj.平等的;同等的n.同等的人;相等物高考佳句Itwillputfullydriverlesscarsonanequallegalfootingtohumandrivers,hesays.(2017天津卷,阅读理解)他说,这将使得完全无人驾驶汽车与有人驾驶汽车处于平等的法律平台。(
6、1)AequalsBin.A在方面比得上Bbeequalto+n./doingsth.等于;与相等;胜任bewithoutequal/havenoequal无与伦比;无敌(2)equalityn.相等;平等equallyadv.相等地;平等地-8-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Noneofuscanequal(=)her,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.不管是论容貌还是论舞艺我们都比不上她。(2)Thefilmdemandsattention,andhasnoequal(=is)incinemahistory.那部电影众人瞩目,在电影史上无与伦比。(3)Succes
7、sdoesntonlydependonwhatyoudo.Whatyoudontdoisimportant.成功不仅在于你做什么,你没有做什么也同样重要。beequaltowithoutequalequally-9-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.contribute vt.&vi.捐献,捐赠,捐助;贡献;促成,导致经典例句MrReedmakesuphismindtocontributeallhehadtosettingupsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.瑞德先生下定决心把他所有的财产用于为贫困的孩子建一些学校。(1)contributesth.to.把捐献给;给投稿cont
8、ributeto为做出贡献;有助于;导致(2)contributorn.贡献者contributionn.捐献;贡献;投稿makeacontribution/contributionsto对做出贡献-10-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练写出句子中contribute的含义(1)Werenotsayingthateveryoneneedstocontributetheirlivestothepoor.(2016四川卷,阅读理解)(2)Allthepeopleinourschoolcontributedsomethingtothedisasterareas.(3)Shecontributedan
9、umberofarticlestothemagazine.(4)RosaParksmadeagreat(contribute)tothecivil-rightsmovementintheU.S.贡献捐献撰稿contribution-11-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.acquire vt.购得;获得,得到经典例句Boldnessawillingnesstoextendyourselftotheextremeisnotonethatcanbeacquiredovernight.勇敢一种把自己延伸到极限的意愿,不是一个人一夜之间可以获得的。(1)acquiresth.学会,获得acquireahab
10、itof.养成的习惯acquireatastefor.开始喜欢上(2)acquisitionn.取得,获得,习得;获得物-12-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Attheageofsixmonthsshe,alongwithhersister,byJohnAshley,awealthyMassachusettsslaveholders.六个月大的时候她和她的妹妹被马萨诸塞州的一个叫约翰安什利的富有的奴隶主买去。(2)Graduallywehowtodothework.我们逐步获得了如何做这份工作的经验。wasacquiredacquiredexperiencein-13-高频单词重点短语
11、难点句型6.means n.手段,方法经典例句Olderparentswouldhavecalledtheirchildrenifthemeansofdoingsohadnotbeenabarrier.如果年纪大的父母这样做的方式没有障碍的话,会给孩子打电话的。(1)meansoftransportation运输工具,运输方式meansofcommunication通信手段ameansofdoingsth.做某事的方法/途径ameanstoanend达到目的的方法(2)bymeansof用,凭借bynomeans=notbyanymeans决不;一点也不byallmeans当然可以;尽一切办法
12、,务必-14-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Shecouldnotspeak,butmadeherwishesknown_signs.她不会说话,但她用手势表达了她的愿望。(2)ThetruthwasthatthepeoplefromwhomIlookedforhelpwere_mygoodfriends.实际情况是,我所求助的那些人决不是我的好朋友。(3)Everypossiblemeans,andwefindonlybythismeansisitpossibletopersuadehim.一切可行的方法都试过了,结果我们发现只有用这种方法才可能劝得动他。bymeansofbynom
13、eanshasbeentried-15-高频单词重点短语难点句型7.crowd n.人群vi.&vt.挤满,塞满,使拥挤经典例句Memoriesoftencrowdinonmeatnight.夜晚,往事经常一起涌上我的心头。crowdintothehall涌进大厅acrowdof一群;一堆incrowds成群;大群地becrowdedwith满是四维热练(1)Usually,itissothatIcantfindanywheretosit.通常地铁很拥挤,我找不到座位。(2)Thefamousactresswassurroundedbyfans.那位知名的女演员被一群粉丝围绕着。crowded
14、acrowdof-16-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.refer to 谈及,提到;与相关,涉及;查阅,参考高考佳句Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph6referstoWelty.(2016全国卷,阅读理解)第六段画线部分单词“them”指的是Welty。(1)refertosb.as/tobe.将某人称为(2)referencen.提及,涉及;参考areferencebook参考书,工具书make(a)referenceto提及,涉及with/inreferenceto关于,有关forreference以备查阅-17-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)In
15、hisspeech,hearecenttriptoCanada.他在演讲中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。(2)Oureconomyafreemarket.我们的经济被称作自由市场经济。(3)yourquestionaboutcost,theticketsforthefilmare35yuaneach.关于你咨询的费用问题,这部电影的票价是每张35元。(4)Theresultoftheresearchisonly.这个研究结果仅供参考。referredtoisreferredtoasInreferencetoforreference-18-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.remind sb.of让某人想
16、起,提醒某人经典例句Thebookcaughttheboyseyebecauseitremindedhimofhisowndog.这本书引起了男孩儿的注意,因为它让他想起了自己的狗。-19-高频单词重点短语难点句型(1)remindsb.todosth.提醒某人去做某事remindsb.that.提醒某人(2)remindern.起提醒作用的物“v.+sb.+ofsth.”短语curesb.ofsth.治好某人的病accusesb.ofsth.指控某人某事warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事robsb.
17、ofsth.抢劫某人的某物-20-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Obeyyourordersandremindyoupills.服从你的命令,提醒你吃药。(2)TheshaperemindshimthespiresofthechurchesofLondon.那个形状让他想起了伦敦教堂的塔尖。(3)Theincidentservedasatimelyofjusthowdangerousmountaineeringcanbe.这次事故及时地提醒了人们登山运动有时会有多危险。totakeofreminder-21-高频单词重点短语难点句型(4)Backhome,Iremindedthatwh
18、atmymothercoulddo,Icould,too.回到家,我提醒自己:妈妈能做的,我也可以。(5)Amovementisunderwaytoremindus_lightswhenwearenotusingthem.正在进行的一项运动提醒我们不用灯时要关掉。myselftoswitchoff/toturnoff-22-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.make a difference有作用(关系、影响)高考佳句Theyhaveadifferentkindofsuperpowerthatallofuspossess:thepowertomakeadifferenceinthelivesofot
19、hers.(2016四川卷,阅读理解)他们拥有一种我们都有的不同的超能量:一种对别人的命运有重大影响的能量。makenodifference(tosb./sth.)(对某人/物)没有作用或影响makesomedifference(tosb./sth.)(对某人/物)有些作用或影响tellthedifference分辨;区分;区别-23-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Ittomewhetherhecomeshereornot.他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。(2)Canyoubetweenthetwowords?你能区别这两个单词吗?(3)Yourageshouldntwhetheryo
20、ugetthejobornot.你能否得到这份工作应该与你的年龄无关。makesnodifferencetellthedifferencemakeanydifferenceto-24-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.break down 出故障;抛锚;瓦解,分解;失败;崩溃;损坏,拆毁经典例句Hebrokedownashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhispapers.想到自己不能把所有的报纸卖完,他要崩溃了。breakup打碎;分解;终止;破裂breakout爆发;突然发生breakin闯入;打断,插嘴breakaway(from)与脱离;与断绝关系;打破(陈规陋习)
21、breakthrough战胜,突围;穿过而出现;突破breakoff停顿,中断;断开,折断breakinto强行进入,闯入;打断(谈话、讨论);突然开始breaktherule违反规定-25-高频单词重点短语难点句型易混辨析breakdown与breakup两者在表示“击碎,粉碎,拆散”时意思非常相近,可通用。但是在表示化学性质的分解时多用breakdown;表示“驱赶,使解散”时多用breakup;表示婚姻、友情等关系破裂时用breakup。-26-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Chemicalsinthebodyourfoodintousefulsubstances.人体内的化学物
22、质把食物分解成有用的物质。用break相关短语的适当形式填空(2)Hesaidhiscomputerhad.(3)Thoseoldcarswillbeforscraps.(4)LastnightsomebodyMrBrownshouseandtookawaymanythings.(5)Afireafterwegothome.breakdownbrokendownbrokenupbrokeintobrokeout-27-高频单词重点短语难点句型(6)Theboyoftenwhilehisparentsarespeaking.(7)Youmustfrombadhabits.(8)Aftertheh
23、eavyrainthesuntheclouds.(9)Mykidshavebeenannoyingmeandthelaststrawwaswhenmycar.(10)Theicebegantoontheriver.breaksinbreakawaybrokethroughbrokedownbreakup-28-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.wear out使筋疲力尽;使厌烦;穿破,用坏经典例句Motheralwayscomplainsthatchildrenwearouttheirshoesveryquickly.母亲总是抱怨孩子们很快就把他们的鞋穿破了。wearoneslonghair/ash
24、ortbeard留长发/留短胡须wearglasses/aring戴眼镜/戴戒指wearon慢慢地过去;时间消逝wearsb./oneselfout使疲乏,使厌烦,使筋疲力尽bewornout破旧不堪;筋疲力尽-29-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)However,astimepasses,thepaperorsilkcoversinevitablygets.然而,随着时间的流逝,纸质或者丝绸的封面不可避免地就变得破旧不堪了。(2)Thekidshavetotallyme.孩子们简直把我烦透了。wornoutwornout-30-高频单词重点短语难点句型6.think back to回想
25、过去;回忆起经典例句WhilecopingwiththechallengesoflifeinBritain,IalwaysthinkbacktothetimewhenIwaswithyou.在应付英国生活的挑战时,我总会回想到当时与你在一起的日子。thinkof记起,想起;考虑;想象;关心thinkabout考虑thinktooneself盘算;自思自忖thinkforoneself独立思考thinktwice再三考虑;重新考虑thinkover仔细考虑;重新考虑thinkoneselfas自认为是thinkhighlyof高度评价,尊重thinkup想出;发明;虚构-31-高频单词重点短语难
26、点句型四维热练(1)“Ihavetodothis,”I.“我不得不做这个,”我暗自思考。(2)Peopleforyourhonestyandprofessionalism.人们很欣赏你的诚实和专业。(3)Youalwaysbeforeyousaysomething.你说话之前总是再三考虑。(4)WhydoesitmakemesosadwhenIthattime?为什么每当我回想起那段日子我会如此悲伤?thinktomyselfthinkhighlyofyouthinktwicethinkbackto-32-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.This land was difficult to far
27、m but now water has been pumped into the fields.这块地过去难以耕种,但现在水已经被抽进了地里。(Page 49)“主语+be+形容词+动词不定式”是一个固定句型。该句型中常用的形容词有difficult,easy,hard,light,heavy,nice,pleasant,comfortable,interesting,expensive等;用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。若动词是一个不及物动词,要加上合适的介词。-33-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Manybadhabitscanbeespecially.许多坏习惯特别难以纠正。
28、(2)Thehouseiscomfortable.这所房子住起来很舒服。difficulttocorrecttolivein-34-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.I would rather you hadnt told me about it.我宁愿你还没有把那件事告诉我。(Page 56)(1)wouldratherdosth.than(do)sth.=woulddo.ratherthando.=prefertodo.ratherthando.宁愿做而不愿做(2)wouldratherdosth.宁愿做(3)wouldrather+(that)从句从句时态:过去时(与现在或将来事实相反)过去
29、完成时(与过去事实相反)(4)ratherthan而不是-35-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)Onedayacoupleofweeksintothesummerhecametomeandsaidhemadeamistakeandwouldratheratmybasketballcamp.进入夏季几周后的某一天,他来和我说他犯了个错误,想在我的篮球训练营工作。(2)Wewouldratherourdaughterathomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.我们宁愿女儿留在家,和我们在一起。可是,那是她的选择,她已经不再
30、是个孩子了。workstayed-36-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.If only there were more people donating money to charities!但愿有更多的人捐款给慈善机构!(Page 57)句中ifonly.意为“要是就好了”,用来表达愿望,句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。(1)ifonly.haddone.表示对与过去事实相反的愿望(2)ifonly.did.表示对与现在事实相反的愿望(3)ifonly.could/would/mightdo.表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should)(4)onlyif意为“只要”,相当于aslongas,位于句首时,其后
31、句子用倒装语序。-37-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)IfonlyIbackandresetmygoals.要是我能回去重新制定我的目标就好了。(2)IfonlyIherofthenews,shewouldntbesosad.要是我不告诉她这个消息就好了,她就不会如此伤心。(3)Ifonlytheyherenow,wewouldbeabletocelebratetheirweddinganniversary.如果他们现在在这里,我们就能庆祝他们的结婚纪念。用if only,only if填空(4)Ifailedagain.Ihadhadtimetoreviewmylessons.(5)
32、ImakefullpreparationswillIpassthetestnexttime.couldgohadntinformedwereIfonlyOnlyif-38- .单句语法填空1.Theyarepotentialpowerswe(possession):energy,skill,soundjudgement,creativeideasevenphysicalstrengthgreaterthanmostofusrealize.2.Thereareproblemspsychologydoesnthavetheanswerto,andwhichnowordscan(descriptio
33、n).3.A(political)mayreadanaccountofhislatestsuccessfulpublicmeeting,notforitsdelayedreward,butverymuchashiswifereadsanaccountofaparty.4.Wearea(volunteer)organizationandregisteredcharitywithoutfinanciallinkstotheNationalParkAuthority.possessdescribepoliticianvoluntary-39- 5.Thetwogroupsrememberedthei
34、nformation(equal)well.6.Thesedaystheindustrysmost(urge)questionmaybehowtocontroltheflowoftourists.7.Initsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetsso(mud)thatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck.8.Iwaswrappedheavilyandwell(shelter)fromthefreezingandblowingweather.9.(sta
35、rve)istakingpeopleslivesintheworld.10.Youaskedmemyexperiencesinthissmall(mountain)school.Nowletmetellyouastorythathappenedinmyfirstclassinthisschool.equallyurgentmuddyshelteredStarvationmountainous-40- .单句改错1.IfonlyIhaveacar,Icouldgetoutofthisplace._2.Ratherthanworkinginsuchabadcondition,hewouldgive
36、up._3.Lackingoftimepreventedmefromwritingtoyou._4.Thewatermaybecarriedbymeanofapipe._5.Thereoccurrednothingworthtobementioned._havehadworkingworkLackingLackmeanmeansworthworthy-41- .话题微写作翻译下面5个句子,然后通过合理想象,用恰当的修辞手段整合成一篇短文。1.现在,很多年轻人做志愿工作。(voluntary)2.有些人去偏远的山区为留守儿童授课。(mountainous)3.这些地区缺乏干净的自来水。(lack
37、)4.此外,孩子们每天走着泥泞的路去上学。(inaddition)5.如果人人都做出点贡献,我们就会对他人的生活产生影响。(contribution,makeadifference)-42- Nowadays,manyyoungpeopledovoluntarywork.Somegotoremotemountainousareastoteachleft-behindchildren.Theseareaslackcleanrunningwater.Inaddition,childrenhavetowalkonthemuddypathtoschool.Ifeveryonemakesacontribution,wewillmakeadifferencetootherslives.
