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1、 Read the following sentences.Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?Ivehaditforthreeyears.Howlonghashissonownedthetrainandrailwayset?Hesowneditsincehisfamousbirthday.Haveyoueverplayedfootball?Yes,IdidwhenIwaslittle,butIhaventplayedforawhilenow.现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某一时现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始、一直持续到现在，多与刻开始、一直持续到
2、现在，多与“since+点点时间时间”或或“for+段时间段时间”连用。连用。for表示表示“经经过过(一段时间一段时间)”，而，而since表示表示“自从自从(以以来来)”。常见结构如下：常见结构如下：现在完成时现在完成时-since和和for的用法的用法for+表示一段表示一段时间时间的状的状语语一段一段时间时间+agosince+表示表示过过去的某一去的某一时间时间点点从句从句来看几个例句吧：来看几个例句吧：Hehaslivedherefor16years.他住在这他住在这里有十六年了。里有十六年了。Hehaslivedheresince16yearsago.他从十六年前起就住在这里了。
3、他从十六年前起就住在这里了。Hehaslivedheresince1991.他从他从1991年起就年起就住在这里了。住在这里了。Hehaslivedheresincehewasborn.他从出生起就住在这里。他从出生起就住在这里。在对现在完成时的时间状语进行提在对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时，我们常用问时，我们常用howlongHowlonghaveyouplayedbasketball?Howlonghaveyoubeencollectingshells?-HowlonghasMarybeenateacher?-Sincetwoyearsago.介词介词for短语表示一个时间段，指某个短语
4、表示一个时间段，指某个动作或情况到现在为止已持续了多久；动作或情况到现在为止已持续了多久；since作为介词，接一个时间名词；作为连作为介词，接一个时间名词；作为连词，引导一个时间状语从句词，引导一个时间状语从句(从句动词一般从句动词一般是短暂性动词是短暂性动词)。since表示表示“自自以来以来”，指某个动作或情况从过去某一点时间一，指某个动作或情况从过去某一点时间一直持续到现在，因此，与直持续到现在，因此，与for或或since引出引出的时间状语连用的句子的时间状语连用的句子(或主语或主语)谓语动词谓语动词必须是必须是延续性延续性的。的。英语中有些动词的意义不能延续，表示的英语中有些动词的
5、意义不能延续，表示的是一瞬间就结束的动作，这些动词被称为是一瞬间就结束的动作，这些动词被称为非非延续性延续性动词或动词或短暂性短暂性动词，常见的如动词，常见的如come,leave,go,lose,see,begin,start,arrive,become,die,buy,borrow,close,join,reach,fall,getup等。这类动词可以用于完成时态，等。这类动词可以用于完成时态，但在肯定句中不能与表示动作延续的时间状但在肯定句中不能与表示动作延续的时间状语语for或或since短语连用。如：短语连用。如：正正:Hehascomeback.他已回来。他已回来。误误:Hehas
6、comebackforthreedays.若要表示若要表示“他回来已三天了他回来已三天了”这样的这样的意思，可以将动词改为意思，可以将动词改为延续性动词延续性动词，或，或改变时间状语，或改用别的句型等，如改变时间状语，或改用别的句型等，如译为：译为：Hehasbeenbackforthreedays.(改变谓语动词改变谓语动词)Hehasbeenbacksincethreedaysago.(改变谓语动词改变谓语动词)Hecamebackthreedaysago.(改变时间状语及动词时态改变时间状语及动词时态)Itsthreedayssincehecameback.(改变句型改变句型)come,
7、go,begin,start,become,join,end,die,buy,arrive,reach,borrow,lend,gettoknow等这些短暂性动词如等这些短暂性动词如果要谈论一个动作发生在过去某个时果要谈论一个动作发生在过去某个时间点，我们可以使用间点，我们可以使用ago或一般过去时。或一般过去时。如：如：Kitty has left Beijing for two days.Kitty left Beijing two days ago.Kitty has been away from Beijing for two days.Kitty has bought her pur
8、se since last year.Kitty bought her purse a year ago.Kitty has had her purse for a year.xx在表示持续一段时间的句子中，应将在表示持续一段时间的句子中，应将短暂性动词短暂性动词转化为相同意义的转化为相同意义的延续性动词延续性动词或状态动词。或状态动词。初中英语中常见的有：初中英语中常见的有：短暂性动词短暂性动词延续性动词延续性动词go,leave,movearrive,come,reachjoin,becomebuy,get(得到得到)beaway(off),beoutofbehere,bein+某地某地b
9、ein,bea(an)+n.havefallill(asleep)finish,endbegin,startbegintolearn(work,read,rain)gooutgetupborrowgettoknowdielosebeill(asleep)beoverbeonlearn,work,read,rainbeoutbeupkeepknowbedeadbelost短暂性动词短暂性动词延续性动词延续性动词非延续性非延续性动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中动词用于完成时态，在肯定句中不能与不能与for或或since引出的短语引出的短语(或句子或句子)连用，连用，但在否定句中是可以的，因为一个但在否
10、定句中是可以的，因为一个非延续性非延续性动词动词一旦被否定即成为状态，而状态总是可一旦被否定即成为状态，而状态总是可以延续的。如：以延续的。如：Ihaventseenhimforalongtime.我很久没见到他了。我很久没见到他了。Hehasntcomehereforsometime.他有段时间没来了。他有段时间没来了。Ihaventheardfromhersincesheleft.自她离开以后，我一直没收到她的来信。自她离开以后，我一直没收到她的来信。4aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince.1.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethre
11、edaysago.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009.JimhasbeeninJapanforthreedays.Theyhavenoteatenfortenhours.Ihavehadacamerasince2009.4.IknowAnn.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.IhaveknownAnnaforthreeyears.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday.4bF
12、illintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.1.I_(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto_(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_(neverown)anypets,butthey_(alwayswant)tohaveadog.haveneverbeengohaveneverownedhavealwayswanted3.We_(have)apianosincelastNovember.We_(buy)itfromtheLifamilywh
13、entheymovedtotheUSlastyear.4.CathyandAmy_(notbe)backtotheirhometownfortwoyears.They_(miss)theirhometownalotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.havehadhavenotbeen/haventbeenboughtmiss5.Thismuseum_(be)hereforover20years.It_(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.hasbeenis1.Doyouhavea(n)_?Howlonghaveyouh
14、adit?2.Doyouowna(n)_?Howlonghaveyouownedit?ThingsHow longTonyfavorite bookbasketballfor two years since he was 10 years oldStudent 1Student 24cFillinthequestionsandasktwostudents.Thencompletethechart.一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1We_(notsee)eachothersinceI_(leave)theuniversity.2Thehospital_(b
15、e)herefor10years.It_(be)thetallestbuildinginourcity.3She_(neverbe)totheamusementparksincetwoyearsago.Herparents_(take)hertherenextweek.4IdontwanttogiveawaymyfootballshirtsalthoughI_(notplay)forawhilenow.5I_(nevervisit)theGreatWallbefore.Iwant_(visit)itoneday.havent seenlefthas beenishas never beenwi
16、ll takehavent playedhave never visitedto visit6.Theoldman_(live)heresince1992.7._you_(visit)ourfactoryyet?8.I_(notsee)youforalongtime.You_(change)alot.9.ImafraidI_(keep)youwaitingforalongtime.10.He_(know)thecitysincehewasveryyoung.haslivedHavevisitedhaventseenhavechangedhavekepthasknown()1.I_Mr.Smit
17、hsincehemovedtoShanghai.A.didnthearfromB.donthearfromC.wonthearfromD.haventheardfromD()2.NotonlyJambutalsohisparents_afewinterestingplacessincetheycametoChina.A.willvisitB.hasvisitedC.havevisitedD.visitedC二二. 单项选择单项选择()3.Excuseme,whereisMr.Brownsoffice?Sorry,Idontknow.I_hereforonlyafewdays.A.workB.w
18、orkedC.haveworkedD.willworkC()4.Mygrandmother_alotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.AseesB.canseeC.willseeD.hasseenD()5.I_manynewfriendssinceIcamehere.A.makeB.madeC.willmakeD.havemadeD()6.Myauntisawriter.She_morethantenbookssince1980.A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwriteC()7.Someboysinourclass_the
19、footballclubforayear.Theyarecrazyaboutplayingfootballnow.（2017哈尔滨）哈尔滨）A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeenin()8._isitfromyourhousetothebookstore?Itsaboutfifteenminuteswalk.（2017哈尔滨）哈尔滨）A.HowlongB.HowfarC.HowoftenCB()9.Mymother_agoodexampleformesinceIwasyoung.（2016陕西）陕西）A.wasB.hasbeenC.willbeD.isB()10.Uncl
20、eLiang_inHaikousince1980,soheknowsalotaboutthecity.（2016海南）海南）A.islivingB.haslivedC.livedB()11.WilliamShakespeare_for400years,buthisworksstillhavegreatinfluencetoday.（2016山东青岛）山东青岛）A.diedB.wasdyingC.hasdiedD.hasbeendeadD()12.-Whatanicewatch!Howlong_you_it?-Forjusttwoweeks.（2016天津）天津）A.will,buyB.have
21、,hadC.were,havingD.did,buyB()13.PremierZhouEnlai_formanyyears,hestilllivesintheheartsofChinesepeople.（2015安顺）安顺）A.diedB.wasdiedC.hasbeendiedD.hasbeendeadD()14.I_scaredofdogseversinceadoghurtmewhenIwasfiveyearsold.（2015杭州）杭州）A.willbeB.wasC.havebeenD.wouldbeC()15.DoyouknowDiaoyuIsland?Sure.It_Chinasin
22、ceancienttimes.【2014湖北咸宁湖北咸宁】A.belongstoB.belongedtoC.hasbelongedtoD.isbelongingtoC()16.He_inthisfactoryfor20yearsalready.【2014北京北京】A.willworkB.worksC.hasworkedD.isworkingC三、按要求完成下列句子。三、按要求完成下列句子。1HerparentscametoChinafiveyearsago.(改改为为同同义义句句)Herparents_China_fiveyears.2Myfatherlefthomethedaybeforey
23、esterday.(用用fortwodays改写句子改写句子)Myfather_homefortwodays.3Susanboughttheumbrellathedaybeforeyesterday.(改改为为同同义义句句)Susan_theumbrella_twodaysago.have been inforhas been away fromhas hadsince4.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对对划划线线部分提部分提问问)_havetheybeenhere?5.Theoldman_lastyear.He_forayear.(die)（动词动词填空）填空）6.T
24、hisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同同义义句句转换转换)Thisfactory_fortwentyyears.Howlongdiedhasbeendeadhasbeenopen4.MrGreenhasworkedhere_hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead_severalyears.6.Itsfiveyears_wemetlasttime.四四.选用选用for和和since填空填空:1.Wehaventseeneachother_alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty_10y
25、earsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon_20minutes.forsinceforsinceforsince五五.用用for或或since完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1.JillisinIrelandnow.Shearrivedtherethreedaysago.Shehasbeenthereforthreedays.2.Jackishere.HearrivedhereonTuesday.Hehas_.3.IknowSue.IfirstmetSuetwoyearsago.Ive_.beenheresinceTuesdayknownSuesincetwoyearsago./fortwoyears4.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin1989._.5.Daveplaysthepiano.Hestartedwhenhewassevenyearsold._.Ihavehadthecamerasince1989Davehasplayedthepianosincehewassevenyearsold1.Dotheotherexercises.
