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1、Lesson 33Out of the darkness1. darkness n. 黑暗黑暗dark adj. 黑暗的, n. 黑暗，黄昏，黑夜in the dark 在黑暗中e.g. They ran through the forest in the dark.他们在黑暗中跑过森林。翻译:在云南旅游时，我在黑暗中迷了路。I lost my way in the dark when I travelled in Yunnan Province.2. explain v. 解释，叙述? explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事? explaination n.? 因为Tom迟到
2、了，所以他不得不向老师解释原因。? Because Tom was late, he had to explain the reason to his teacher.3. coast n. 海岸?shore n. 海岸? On shore/On the coast 在岸上? Off shore/Off the coast在近海处4. storm n. 暴风雨暴风雨sand storm 沙尘暴5. towards prep. 向，朝；对于；接近向，朝；对于；接近下了公共汽车，他向着他的公司走去。After getting off the bus, he walked towards his c
3、ompany.翻译:? You should know that your attitude towards study isnt correct.6. rock n. 岩石， 礁石 (c)n. 摇滚乐rock music 7. light n. 灯光；灯?v. 点燃;照亮?adj. 轻的? In the dark I saw himlight a light , and the light lit the room.? The light is so light that even a child can carry it.8.ahead adv. 在前面在前面?adj. 在前面的(一般做表
4、语,不做定语)? adv. ? go ahead 开始 吧口语 ；前进，进行，继续? -May I start now? 我可以开始了吗？? -Yes, go ahead. 当然可以，开始吧。After the rain stopped, the workers went ahead with the their work.雨停后，工人们继续干他们的工作。?adj.? You have to work hard to keep ahead in your class.? ahead of 在 之前领先于His mind is always ahead of his time.? ahead o
5、f time 提前? Luckily, she finished her homework ahead of time.? get ahead 取得进步(或进展)，进展顺利9. cliff n.峭壁峭壁10. struggle v. 奋斗，努力；挣扎? struggle for 为了 而斗争? In America, the black people are always struggling for their equal rights as a human.? struggle against 与 作斗争He failed to struggle against temptation.他没
6、能经住诱惑struggle to do sth 努力做 ; 挣扎着做某事People always struggle to do something in theirown way. 人们经常挣扎着以自己的方式做事。11. hospital n. 医院? in hospital 生病住院生病住院? I heard that he has been in hospital for a couple of weeks.? in the hospital 在医院里? My aunt works in the hospital as a nurse.Nearly a week passed befor
7、e the girl was able to explain whathad happened toher.1.happen to sb. 某人发生了什么事Do you know what happened to her yesterday?2. 过去完成时指的是“过去的过去”，即在过去的某一时刻之前或过去发生的某事之前发生的事情，用had + P.P 表示现在过去过去的过去? Before last month, we had learnt 2000 words.? Before I went to sleep at 9:00 last night, I had finished my ho
8、mework.? 没有涉及到没有涉及到“过去的过去过去的过去”, 即只是一个过去的即只是一个过去的时间时，用一般过去时时间时，用一般过去时选择正确的词填空? We(hold) a sports meeting last week.? He told me that he (have) a good time in London.heldhad hadOne afternoon she set outfrom the coast in a small boat and was cought ina storm.2. set out =set off（1）出发，动身? In order to ar
9、rive there in time, we decided to set out earlier.? set out for sp.（2）set out to do 开始，着手做某事? If you have decided to have a trip to Europe, you should set out to prepare for it now.?3.be caught in 遭遇了遭遇了be caught in a storm 遇到了暴风雨遇到了暴风雨We put off our football match because we werecaught in the terri
10、ble weather.Towarbords evening ,the boat struck a rock and the girljumped into the sea.4.towards evening ( 天天)将黑时，黄昏时将黑时，黄昏时Our family often have a walk together towards evening.5.struck vt. 打、击、敲击打、击、敲击strike5.jump into 跳进跳进 After shouting at us for a moment,she jumped into her car angrily.Then she
11、 swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water.During that time she covered a distance of eight miles.6. swim to the shore 游到岸边7. cover a distance of eight miles 走过了（游过了）8英里cover (1) v. 行过，走过，游过In the Long March, Red Army mencovered 25,000 miles.(2) v. 覆盖；报道；The black cloud has cover
12、ed the whole sky.Two reporters were allowed to cover news about the war .(3)n. 封面The cover of this book is very beautiful.Early next morning, she saw a light ahead.She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs.8.ahead adv.在前面7. high up 在高处be high up on the cliffs 在高高的峭壁
13、上The kite is high up in the sky. 风筝高高地飞在天上。Were now flying high up over the mountains. 我们正在群山上空飞行。On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen. 8. On arriving at/in 一到达 （就）on + V.-ing = as soon as +从句从句一 （就）on arriving at the shore =as soon as she arrived
14、at the shoreOn getting off the plane, I called him up at once.=As soon as I got off the plane, Icalled him up at once.? 慜慜?潳湯愠屳潳湯愠屳 引导时间状语从句当引导时间状语从句当主句用一般过去时，从句一般过去时或过去完成时。? 例：晚会刚一开始他就离开了。? As soon as the party began/had begun , he left. (从句位于主句前后均可)他一听到那个消息就晕倒了。He fainted as soon as he heard/had h
15、eard the news. 9. struggle up the cliff 挣扎着向峭壁上爬? That was all she remembered. When shewoke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.? That was all (that)she remembered.她所记得就是这些。? all 是句子中的表语；she remembered 是定语从句，用来修饰all; 引导词that 因为在从句中作宾语，被省略了。此句可以这样表达：此句可以这样表达：That was what she rememberedAll
16、that I have doneis right.=What I have done is right.? what 可以代替先行词+ that ? All that should be done has already been done. ? = what should be done has already been done. 应该做的已经作了。I am pleased with ( ) she did for me.A all what B all that C that all D that what ?10. wake up 醒来?sb. wake up 某人醒来?wake sb
17、. up 唤醒某人现在分词作状语现在分词作状语如果现在分词的动作和主谓语的动作同时发生如果现在分词的动作和主谓语的动作同时发生（伴随状语），分词用一般式，有时其前可以加上（伴随状语），分词用一般式，有时其前可以加上连词连词while或或when。现在分词逻辑主语为句子的主现在分词逻辑主语为句子的主语。语。例如：例如：The students went out of the classroom, talking and laughing.Walking slowly across the grass，he shot at the lion.One day ，while walking along
18、 the sands towards his boat，Crusoe saw inthe sand the mark of a mans foot.如果现在分词的动作结束之后，谓语动词的动作才发生，现在分词应用完成式。这时分词所表示的动作有一定的持续性。Having watered the flowers(After When he had watered the flowers) ，he began to cut the grass.Having eaten his dinner，the boy rushed out.但是，如果现在分词是 hear ，see等表示感官的动词或是leave，a
19、rrive ，turn ，open等表示位置转换或情况改变的动词，现在分词所表示的动作发生后，主句的动作往往紧接着发生，那就不必用完成式，仍用一般式。例如：?Hearing the footstep below(When he heard the footstep below)，he rose and went to the top of the stairs.?Seeing a large cake flying through the air ，the driver pulled up quickly.?Arriving at the museum,the little boy began to run arounqd.
