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1、Grammar直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语Direct and Indirect Speech(1)John said：“I like reading novels.”(2)John said that he liked reading novels. 直接引语直接引语: 间接引语间接引语:直接引述别人的话直接引述别人的话.用自己的话转述别人的话用自己的话转述别人的话.它构成宾语从句它构成宾语从句.Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech (1)1.转述他人的陈述转述他人的陈述陈述句陈述句 She asked me what I was doing.1)
2、He said , “Im going to Beijing.” He said that he was going to Beijing.2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?” He asked me if /whether I was a teacher.3) She said , “What are you doing?”2. 转述他人的疑问转述他人的疑问一般疑问句一般疑问句3. 转述他人的问题转述他人的问题特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化 1. 注意人称变化注意人称变化 2. 注意时态的变化注
3、意时态的变化7. 注意语序的变化注意语序的变化3. 注意指示代词的变化注意指示代词的变化4. 注意时间的变化注意时间的变化5. 注意地点的变化注意地点的变化6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化注意个别趋向动词的变化如何变人称口诀：口诀： 一随主。二随宾，第三不变一随主。二随宾，第三不变He said heplayed footballwas playinghad playedhad playedwould playhad playedattention:There are some cases in which we dont need to change the tense in indirect
4、speech.When direct speech is about: a) 不变的不变的真理真理 b) 历史事件历史事件c) 格言格言/引用语引用语d) 有具体的过去年月日有具体的过去年月日e） 经常的习惯经常的习惯f）部分情态动词，如）部分情态动词，如 must，ought to, used to had better 等。等。g）过去完成时；过去进行时；一般现在时）过去完成时；过去进行时；一般现在时Try to change direct speech into indirect speech :He said that the earth goes around the sun.He
5、said that the train leaves at 7:30p.m.He said that Rome isnt built in a day.Tom said he was born in July, 1978.1.He said, “the earth goes around the sun.”2. He said, “The train leaves at 7:30p.m.”3. He said, “Rome isnt built in a day.”4. Tom said, “I was born in July, 1978.”如何变句型如何变句型 He said, “I ha
6、ve been to the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “Ill give you an examination next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. 一：一：一：一：陈述句陈述句陈述句陈述句间接引语应改为由间接引语应改为由间接引语应改为由间接引语应改为由t thathat引导引导引导引导的宾语从句的宾语从句的宾语从句的宾语从句，thatthat在口语中在
7、口语中在口语中在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, said, 也可也可也可也可用用用用toldtold来代替来代替来代替来代替, ,注意可以说注意可以说注意可以说注意可以说said that,told sb. thatsaid that,told sb. that， said to sb. that, said to sb. that, 不可直接说不可直接说不可直接说不可直接说told that told that 1.1.陈述句解题步骤陈述句解题步骤: :“
8、I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friendsthat I dont like( I dont like computers.)didntsheSarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.二：二：二：二：一般疑问句一般疑问句一般疑问句一般疑问句 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?” He asked (me) whether/if I had an
9、y difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, arent you?” He asked whether I was interested in English. 间接引语间接引语间接引语间接引语应改为由应改为由应改为由应改为由whetherwhether或或或或if if引导引导引导引导的宾语从句的宾语从句的宾语从句的宾语从句，原，原，原，原主句中谓语动词主句中谓语动词主句中谓语动词主句中谓语动词saidsaid要改为要改为要改为要改为asked(me/him/usasked(me/hi
10、m/us等等等等) )，语序是陈述句的语序语序是陈述句的语序语序是陈述句的语序语序是陈述句的语序 2.2.选择疑问句选择疑问句选择疑问句选择疑问句 He asked, “Do you speak English or French?” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. 用用用用whetherorwhetheror表达，而不用表达，而不用表达，而不用表达，而不用iforifor，也不用，也不用，也不用，也不用eitheroreitheror 2.一般疑问句解题步骤一般疑问句解题步骤:Is it easy to improve the c
11、ondition of the soil?( They asked him )They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.(it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.)askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.三三三三：特殊疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 He said to me，“Whats your name?” He asked me
12、 what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. 间接引语应改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导间接引语应改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导间接引语应改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导间接引语应改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序陈述句语序陈述句语序陈
13、述句语序），主句的谓语动词用主句的谓语动词用主句的谓语动词用主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )ask(sb. )来表达，来表达，来表达，来表达， 3.特殊疑问句解题步骤：When do you harvest the wheat ?( They asked him )They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheat(you harvest the wheat.)heheharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.四：四：四：四：祈使句祈使句祈使句祈使句间接引语应改为间接引语应改为间接引语应改为间接引语应改
14、为“tell“tell（ask,order,begask,order,beg等）等）等）等）sb (not) to sb (not) to do sth”do sth”句型。句型。句型。句型。五：五：五：五：以以以以“lets”“lets”开头的祈使句开头的祈使句开头的祈使句开头的祈使句变为间接引语时，通常用变为间接引语时，通常用变为间接引语时，通常用变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+“suggest+动句词（或从动句词（或从动句词（或从动句词（或从句）句）句）句）” ”He said,lets go to the movie. he suggested going to the mov
15、ie.或he suggested that they should go to see the movies. 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动词方向性动词 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days
16、before tomorrow the next daynext month the next month here there come, go,Bring, take, borrowlendTry to do SB P.5 Ex.2 Change the sentences either into direct speech or indirect speech:1. Anne said that she didnt know the address of her new home.2. Anne told her father that she had got tired of look
17、ing at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.3. The girl said that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly. 4. Her father asked her why she had chosen her diary and old letters.5. “Are you very hot with so many clothes on?” Mother asked/said to her.6. “What else have
18、you hidden under your overcoat?” Margot asked her.7. “ When shall we go back home?” Anne asked her father.8. “ Why did you talk so much to that boy?” Father asked Anne. Exercises:1. He said , “I m afraid I cant finish this work.”2.He said , “I havent heard from him since May.” 3.Tom said “I will see
19、 you next week.” He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.He said that he hadnt heard from him since May.Tom said that he would see me the next week.4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me. 5. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.6. His friends asked him if he w
20、ould go to Dalian.The teacher asked me why I was late again.His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat
21、dayExercise IIExercise II2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow 3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long w
22、ay _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day 5. They said to u
23、s, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. wh
24、at he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time 8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack
25、 asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your9. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet?” Black asked me why _ yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadnt I left there D. havent I left here 10. The teacher asked her, “Does the
26、 sun rise in the east ?” The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. ifrise B. ifrises C. whetherrose D. whether did riseShe said, I am very happy to help you.She said that she was very happy to help you.He asked me, Do you like playing football?He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.
27、My teacher asked me, Dont laugh.My teacher asked me not to laugh.The captain ordered, Be quiet.The captain ordered us to be quiet. He said, “What are you going to do tomorrow?”He asked me what I was going to do the next day. He said, I havent seen her today.He said that he hadnt seen her that day.Le
28、ts play a game!She asked Jack, “Will you come here this afternoon?” She asked Jack whether / if he would go there that afternoon. The yeacher said to us,” The moon moves around the earth”.The teacher said to us that the moon moves around the earth.“ Ann, have you seen my blue notebook?” Peter asked.
29、Peter asked Ann if she had seen his blue notebook.把下列句子变为直接引语或间接引语。把下列句子变为直接引语或间接引语。 1.“I dont want to go there with Alice,” said Tom.2. “Is your father kind to you?” she often asks me.She often asks me whether / if my father is kind to me. Tom said that he didnt want to go there with Alice.3. Mothe
30、r asked me what I was going to be when I grew up.4. “I have to study hard to make progress,” the girl said to her friend. 5. “When will you go back to work?” Mr. Smith asked. Mr. Smith asked me when I would go back to work. “What are you going to be when you grow up?” Mother asked me.The girl told her friend that she had to study hard to make progress.Assignment1.细心阅读百思练习册第一单元讲解；2.完成百思练习册第一单元练习和课本练习；3.预习unit2的reading。Goodbye!
