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1、高考总复习一轮用书立体设计走进新课堂英英 语语必修4Unit3 A taste of English humour话题：1.Different types of English humour(英语幽默种类)2.A taste of English humour(感受英语的幽默)功能：Emotions(感情，情绪)语法：The v.-ing form as the Predicative, Attribute and Object Complement(动词的-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法)重点单词：humour,ordinary，content，astonish，particula
2、r，entertain，throughout，overcome，convince,direct，fortunate，outstanding， gesture，occasion,slide,whisper,react课课程程解解读读重点短语：up to now,pick out，star in，cut off，be/feel content with，badly off，be convinced of，be particular about，in the open air重点句型1.You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to si
3、ng as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.2.Unfortunately，his father died,leaving the family even worse off.3.Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.4.The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he ha
4、s ever tasted!课课程程解解读读要点一：重点单词1.content n.内容，题材；容量，目录（pl.）；满足（意） adj.满足的，高兴的（一般不用作定语）；甘愿的vt.使满足知知 识识 与与 要要 点点归纳拓展（1）be content to do sth.=be willing to do sth.=be ready to do sth.愿意做某事（不能用contented替换）be content that满意feel/be content with.（=feel/be satisfied with）对感到满意/满足（2）content sb./oneself with s
5、th.使满足于某事（3）with content满足（意）地to ones hearts content尽情地，心满意足地（4）contented adj.满足的，满意的（可作定语）the contented people满足的人们a contented smile满足的微笑注意：content用作形容词充当表语，表示“非常满意”时，只能说be well content，不能说be very content。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点He is always content with a little book knowledge only.他总是满足于仅有的一点书本知识。After gra
6、duation,he is content to work as a teacher.毕业后，他很乐意当老师。We should never content ourselves with such a small success.我们永远不要仅仅满足于这样的小成就。We can swim in the river to our hearts content.我们可以在河里尽情地游泳。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点同类辨析content与contented这两个词都有“满意的，满足的”之意。（1）content表示“甘心的，甘愿的”，多用作表语、后置定语或状语，后面可接不定式。（2）content
7、ed 指安于现状，别无他求，有“知足”的意思，一般作前置定语或表语。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】Neither the teacher nor the students are_with the result of the experiment.A.contentB.contentedC.contentingD.satisfying【解析】be content with.=be satisfied with.。句意为：老师和学生都对这个实验结果不满意。【答案】A知知 识识 与与 要要 点点That rich woman is tired of city life，so she is
8、_ to live in the country.A.afraidB.unwillingC.contentD.tiring【解析】be content to do sth.“愿意做某事”。句意为：那个贵妇人厌倦了城市生活，因此她乐意到乡村去居住。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点2.entertain vt.&vi.使快乐；款待，招待归纳拓展（1）entertain sb.to sth.用宴客/招待/款待某人（尤指在自己家中）entertain sb.with sth.=sb.be entertained with sth.用使某人快乐entertain sb.as.把某人当招待（2）en
9、tertainment n.娱乐活动；款待，招待find entertainment in以为乐give an entertainment to sb.招待某人give a farewell entertainment to sb.为某人举行欢送会（3）entertaining adj.愉快的，有趣的，引人发笑的entertainer n.款待者；表演娱乐节目的人知知 识识 与与 要要 点点Bob and Lily entertained us to dinner last night.昨晚鲍勃和莉莉设宴招待了我们。He entertained us for hours with his st
10、ories and jokes.他给我们讲故事、说笑话，让我们高兴了好几个小时。This law applies to theatres，cinemas and other places of public entertainment.此项法律适用于剧院、电影院和其他公共娱乐场所。She was always so funny and entertaining.她总是那么风趣，让人愉快。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】He often listens to the music in his spare time to_himself.A.entertainB.encourageC.ed
11、ucateD.edit【解析】entertain“娱乐”；encourage“鼓励”；educate“教育”；edit“编辑”。entertain oneself“自娱自乐”，符合题意。【答案】A知知 识识 与与 要要 点点 consists of performances of plays and films and activities such as reading and watching TV that give people pleasure.A.EntertainB.To entertainC.EntertainingD.Entertainment【解析】entertainmen
12、t 是名词，意为“招待，款待，娱乐，消遣”，在此意为“娱乐”。句意为：娱乐活动包括表演、电影及其他一些像读书、看电影等带给人们愉悦的活动。【答案】D知知 识识 与与 要要 点点归纳拓展（1）convince sb.of sth./that使某人相信某事convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事（2）convinced adj. 坚定不移的；确信的be convinced of sth./that确信（3）convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的a convincing victory/win大比分获胜知知 识识 与与 要要 点点3.convince vt. 使确信
13、；使信服I convinced him of her honesty.=I convinced him that she was honest.我使他相信她是诚实的。He has been trying to convince her to see a doctor.他一直试着劝她去看医生。I am convinced that he is telling the truth.我确信他讲的是事实。We were convinced of the truth of the report.我们确信这个报告的真实性。There is now convincing evidence that smok
14、ing causes lung cancer.现在有令人信服的证据说吸烟能导致肺癌。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点同类辨析convince与persuadeconvince和persuade都有“说服”之意，都可用于convince/persuade sb.of sth.和convince/persuade sb.that.结构。但convince表示用事实或道理等说服某人相信或做某事；而persuade则表示用劝说的方法使人愿意采纳意见或采取行动，侧重以情感人。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点I tried to convince them of his innocence.我试图使他们相信他是无
15、辜的。I finally persuaded him to go to college.我终于说服他去上大学。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】The couple tried every effort to_the judges who tried the case of their innocence,resulting in the contrary.A.proveB.chargeC.convinceD.confirm【解析】句意为：那对夫妇尽力使审讯那宗案件的法官相信他们是清白的，但结果正相反。prove“证明”；charge sb. with.“指控某人”；convince s
16、b. of sth.“使某人相信”；confirm sth.“证实”。由句意及convince sb. of sth.的搭配可知正确答案为C项。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点4.direct vt.& vi. 导演；指挥；指示adj. 径直的；直接的；直率的adv. 直接地知知 识识 与与 要要 点点知知 识识 与与 要要 点点Was what he said directed at me？他说的话是冲我来的吗？Can you direct me to the post office？请问到邮局怎么走？A policeman stood in the middle of the str
17、eet,directing the traffic.一名交警站在路中央指挥交通。The general directed the troops to attack.that the troops （should） attack.将军命令士兵进攻。At the sound of the gun, the birds flew in all directions.听到枪声，鸟儿四处飞去。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点It costs more to fly direct to HongKong.直飞香港的航班票价要高些。Directly the teacher came in,everyone wa
18、s quiet.老师一进来，大家都静了下来。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点同类辨析direct与directly（1）direct指行进中不停步，不绕道，直奔目的地。directly指以一种直接的方式。表时间时，指“立刻，不拖延”之意。（2）direct作副词时，多表示具体的路径，意为“径直地，直接地”；directly作副词时，表示抽象意义，意为“直接地”。也可作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】The airline doesnt go_to America.It goes by way of Japan.A.directlyB.directC.d
19、irectionD.immediately【解析】direct作副词，意为“径直地，直接地”多指路径；directly“直接地”多表示抽象意义。句意为：飞机不直飞美国，要经过日本。【答案】B知知 识识 与与 要要 点点5.whisper n.& v.耳语；私语；谣传；密谈；低声说归纳拓展（1）whisper to sb.与耳语，向某人小声说whisper sth.in ones ear 附在某人耳朵上说It is/was whispered that.据秘密传言（2）in a whisper/whispers 低声地give sb.the whisper对某人耳语，给某人以暗示知知 识识 与与
20、 要要 点点He whispered to her so that no one else would hear.他对她耳语，以避免让别人听到。It is whispered that his business is falling.据传言他的公司要倒闭。They sat at the back of the room，talking in whispers.他们坐在房间的后面低声谈话。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】She had to_to her husband so that she would not wake the baby.A.shoutB.speakC.whisper
21、D.talk【解析】句意为：为了不弄醒婴儿，她不得不和丈夫耳语。whisper to sb.“与耳语，向某人小声说”。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点6.react vi.作出反应，回应归纳拓展（1）react to对作出反应react on/upon对有影响，作用于react against反对；反抗react with sth.=react together 和某物起化学反应（2）reaction n. 反应；回应chain reaction连锁反应知知 识识 与与 要要 点点Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.铁和水及空气发
22、生反应产生铁锈。Will the people ever react against this dictator？有朝一日人民会起来反抗这位独裁者吗？How did she react to your answer？对你的回答她如何反应？Your praise will react on your students.你的表扬会影响到你的学生。What was his reaction to the news？他对这消息的反应如何？知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】The football player reacted_the judges decision by withdrawing
23、from the match.A.onB.toC.againstD.by【解析】考查react与不同介词搭配的不同意义。句意为：这名球员以退出比赛来反抗裁判的裁决。react against“反对，反抗”，符合题意。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点用介词to/with/against完成句子Plants react_light.Certain acids react_metals to cause chemical changes.They reacted strongly_the unreasonable rules.【答案】towithagainst知知 识识 与与 要要 点点要点二
24、：重点短语与句型1.badly off 穷的；缺乏的；境况不好的归纳拓展(1)be badly off for sth.某物短缺、不够（相当于 be short of/lack of）be well off 富裕的；处境好的be well off for sth.某一方面充裕be better off境况较好be worse off更穷；境况更糟知知 识识 与与 要要 点点(2)worse and worse越来越坏；每况愈下go from bad to worse越来越坏，每况愈下to make matters worse=(and)what is worse而更糟糕的是知知 识识 与与 要
25、要 点点I have got quite a big room so Im not too badly off.我有一间蛮大的屋子，所以住得还不算太差。I went to his home and found his living conditions were worse off than mine.我到他家一看，发现他的生活条件比我的还差。The school is rather badly off for equipment.这所学校相当缺乏设备。To make matters worse/Whats worse, it began to rain while we were march
26、ing.使事情更糟的是，在我们行进过程中，天下起了雨。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】How are the things in your village？Modern farming methods have been brought in and the villagers are_now than before.A.well offB.better offC.badly offD.worse off【解析】be well off “富裕”；其比较级be better off“境况较好”；be badly off “贫困”；其比较级be worse off“比以前更穷”，根据句意可
27、知村民的生活比以前“更富裕了”，所以用be well off的比较级be better off。【答案】B知知 识识 与与 要要 点点Mary，Toms father has just lost his job.Im sorry to hear that.You mean he is much_now.A.badly offB.best offC.worse offD.better off【解析】由句意可知应选“境况差的”，又much常用来修饰比较级，而badly off的比较级是worse off，故选C。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点2.pick out挑出；辨别出归纳拓展pick
28、 up捡起，拾起；用车搭载（人、货物）；（偶然地、无意地）获得（知识、消息等）；学会（语言）；改善，好转；接收（信号等）pick up with sb.结识某人pick on/upon给（某人）找（别扭）；挑剔pick and choose挑三拣四知知 识识 与与 要要 点点She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.她从大批的求职者当中被选出来担任这项工作。See if you can pick me out in this photo.看你能不能把我从这张照片中认出来。She was picked on by the o
29、ther girls because of her size.她因为个头关系被其他女孩欺负。The bus picks up passengers outside the airport.公共汽车在机场外接乘客。Sales have picked up 14% this year.今年销售额增长了14%。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】How could you_my sister so easily in the crowd?Because she stood out in her red dress.A.pick upB.pick outC.take upD.take out【解析
30、】考查动词短语辨析。pick up“捡起”；pick out“挑出，辨认出”；take up“拿起，开始从事”；take out“拿出来”。句意为：你在人群中如何很容易辨认出我妹妹来？因为她穿着红裙子很显眼。根据句意可知答案为B。【答案】B知知 识识 与与 要要 点点Bad habits are easily_while good ones are hard to develop.A.kept upB.caught upC.drawn upD.picked up【解析】keep up“保持”；catch up（with.）“追上”；draw up“接近”；pick up“养成”。句意为：坏习惯
31、易养成而好习惯却很难。【答案】D知知 识识 与与 要要 点点3.cut off 切断（水、电、煤气等）供应；切掉，剪下；（突然）中断；断离（常跟from)归纳拓展cut across 抄近路穿过；径直穿过cut away 切掉，剪掉；逃走，跑开cut down 砍倒；（疾病等）夺去生命；削减，缩短；毁灭，破坏cut in 插嘴；突然插入；超车cut into halves/pieces 切成两半/碎块cut out 切掉；删掉；割掉；省略cut up 切碎，切掉；使丧气，使痛心知知 识识 与与 要要 点点She cut off a big piece of beef from the stea
32、k.她从牛排上切下一大块肉来。The countrys economy would collapse if oil supplies were cut off.如果石油供应中断的话，该国的经济会崩溃。I usually cut across the park on my way home.我常抄近路回家，从公园里面走。They cut away all the dead branches from the tree.他们把这棵树上的枯枝全都砍掉了。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we we
33、re .A.hung upB.hung backC.cut downD.cut off【解析】cut sb.off “中断（电话通话）”。句意为：我正在与安通电话，突然我们被中断了。hang up “挂起，挂断（电话）”，hang back“犹豫，畏缩”；cut down “砍倒，削减”，三者均与句意不符。【答案】D知知 识识 与与 要要 点点He was in hospital for six months.He felt as if he was_from the outside world.A.cut outB.cut offC.cut upD.cut through【解析】考查动词短语
34、辨析。cut off “切断，剥夺”；cut out “删除，剪下”；cut up “切碎”；cut through “刺穿；抄近路”。句意为：他住院六个月，感觉好像与外界隔绝了。根据题意可知答案为B。【答案】B知知 识识 与与 要要 点点4.Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.卓别林首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。as if=（as though）意为“似乎是，好像是”，引导方式状语从句。表示与当时状况不相符的情况，故使用的是虚拟语气。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点归纳拓展（
35、1）在look，seem，sound等系动词后引导表语从句。（2）可引导方式状语从句。（3）as if还可用于省略句中。如果as if引导的从句是“主语+系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词（短语）、介词短语或分词。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点（4）as if从句的语气及时态as if从句用陈述语气的情况当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句用陈述语气。as if从句用虚拟语气的情况当说话者认为句子所述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，其形式如下：a.如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。b
36、.如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had+过去分词。c.如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would/could/might+动词原形。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点It sounds as though you had a good time.听起来你好像过得挺愉快。He talked about Hong Kong as if he had been there before.他说起香港时好像他以前去过似的。He opened his lips as if to say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。Its my birthday today.As if you did
37、nt know！今天是我的生日，你好像不知道似的！It seems as if he has lost something.他好像丢了什么东西。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】He stopped and looked back as if_whether he was followed.A.seeingB.having seenC.to have seenD.to see【解析】as if可用于省略句中，如果as if引导的从句是“主语+系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词。此处用动词不定式表示目的。to have seen 时态不合适。【答案】D知知 识识 与与 要要 点点要点三：语法
38、：动词的-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语动词的-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加-ing构成，包括现在分词和动名词。可以在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语和定语。下面来看一下动词的-ing形式在句中作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点一、动词 -ing 形式作表语1.动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或 what 引导的名词性从句。作表语的动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语和表语的位置可互换。The task of this class is practising the idioms.这节课的任务是练习这些习惯
39、用语。His job is teaching English.他的工作是教英语。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点2.现在分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。What you said is really inspiring.你所说的真鼓舞人心。The situation is quite encouraging.形势很令人鼓舞。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点二、动词-ing 形式作定语现在分词及其短语可以在句中作定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句，其动作和谓语动作同时发生，与其修饰词之间是主动关系，也就是说现在分词的动作就是它修饰的那个词的动作。1.现在分词作定语的位置现在分词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的
40、名词前面，现在分词短语作定语通常放在它所修饰的名词后面，可以转换成定语从句。如果现在分词修饰由some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的不定代词或指示代词those时，分词放在这些被修饰词的后面。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点注意：动词-ing形式的动名词也可作定语，它表示“用作的”，强调用途与目的，而现在分词作定语强调的是动作。a waiting room（=a room for waiting）候诊室，候车室a sleeping child（=a child who is sleeping）熟睡的孩子She went on board the train leaving f
41、or Shanghai.=She went on board the train which was leaving for Shanghai.她乘坐去上海的火车。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点2.现在分词作定语时与谓语动词的时间关系现在分词表示主动和进行，因此用现在分词作定语时，其表示的动作是与谓语动作同时或基本同时发生的。The boy standing by the gate is Tom.站在门口的男孩子是汤姆。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点3.如果一个及物动词的现在分词作定语，既要表达进行，又要表达被动，则用现在分词的被动语态。The meeting being held is very
42、 important.正在召开的会议很重要。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语现在分词作宾补，强调动作正在进行。v.-ing 形式主要用于下列几类动词中，后接宾语然后加上动词-ing，构成复合宾语结构，由其充当宾语补足语。1.表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如 see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，notice，observe，listen to，look at等。I heard Mr.Smith singing in the next door.我听到史密斯先生在隔壁唱歌。I felt someone patting me on the shoul
43、der.我感到有人拍了拍我的肩膀。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点2.表示“指使”等意义的使役动词，如 have，let，keep，get，leave 等。Can you get my watch going again？你能使我的表再运作起来吗？Im sorry to have kept you waiting long.对不起，让你久等了。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点3.在有些动词（如 regard，describe，accept，think of，quote 等）之后，可由 as 引出动词的-ing形式作宾补。They regarded the contract as being inval
44、id.他们认为合同无效。They described the child as being very clever.他们描述这孩子非常聪明。知知 识识 与与 要要 点点【链接训练】 Shortage of water is a_problem in the west area of China，which should be paid attention to by the government.A.to be continuedB.continuedC.being continuedD.continuing【解析】考查动词-ing形式作前置定语，一般来说，如果是单个的v.-ing修饰名词通常
45、前置，如果是v.-ing短语则后置。 【答案】D知知 识识 与与 要要 点点What most people hate most_at in public.A.is being laughedB.being laughedC.is to laughD.laughed【解析】考查动名词的被动语态作表语。句意为：多数人最痛恨的就是在公共场合被嘲笑。【答案】A知知 识识 与与 要要 点点The salesman scolded the girl caught_and let her off.A.stealingB.to be stealingC.to have stolenD.to steal【解析
46、】考查动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。catch sb. doing sth. 抓住/发现某人正在做某事。caught stealing是the girl的后置定语。【答案】A知知 识识 与与 要要 点点Something_the tap should be removed so that the water can come through quickly.A.blockingB.blockedC.be blockedD.having blocked【解析】something与block之间是主动关系，故排除B、C两项；又现在分词修饰something等不定代词时，分词放在这些修饰词的后面，故正确答案为A。D项时态不对。【答案】A知知 识识 与与 要要 点点It was so cold that they had the fire_all night.A.to burnB.burnC.burningD.burned【解析】have.doing“让一直在做”。在此现在分词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的情况。【答案】C知知 识识 与与 要要 点点
