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1、Professions for WomenVirginia WoolfVirginia WoolfLOGOLOGOLOGOLOGOYour company sloganYour company sloganThe Victorian ideology of FemininityThe French philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau, The French philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau, whose demands for human liberty had been whose demands for human libe
2、rty had been influential upon a number of movements for influential upon a number of movements for political reform, forcefully articulated some of the political reform, forcefully articulated some of the most restrictive tenets of what can be called the most restrictive tenets of what can be called
3、 the nineteenth centurys ideology of femininity.nineteenth centurys ideology of femininity.ThewholeeducationofwomenoughttoberelativetoThewholeeducationofwomenoughttoberelativetomen.Topleasethem,toconsolethem,andtomakelifemen.Topleasethem,toconsolethem,andtomakelifesweetandagreeabletothemthesearethed
4、utiesofsweetandagreeabletothemthesearethedutiesofwomenatalltimes,andwhatshouldbetaughtthemwomenatalltimes,andwhatshouldbetaughtthemfromtheirinfancy.fromtheirinfancy.Your company sloganYour company sloganThe Victorian ideology of FemininityTheidealwomenhethusenvisionedapure,decorous,andTheidealwomenh
5、ethusenvisionedapure,decorous,andevenangeliccreaturewasonlyoneparticularlynotableevenangeliccreaturewasonlyoneparticularlynotablerepresentativeofastandardagainstwhicheverymiddle-andrepresentativeofastandardagainstwhicheverymiddle-andupper-classwomansconductwasmeasured,andotherupper-classwomansconduc
6、twasmeasured,andotherwriters,femaleaswellasmale,elaborateduponthevirtuesofwriters,femaleaswellasmale,elaborateduponthevirtuesofsuchanideal.suchanideal.In1854,inalongandverypopularpoem,In1854,inalongandverypopularpoem,The Angle in the The Angle in the HouseHouse,CoventryPatmoredescribedsuchselflessne
7、ssmore,CoventryPatmoredescribedsuchselflessnessmoreextravagantly,extravagantly,Man must be pleased, but him to pleaseMan must be pleased, but him to pleaseIs womans pleasure; down the gulfIs womans pleasure; down the gulfOf his condoled necessitiesOf his condoled necessitiesShe casts her best, she f
8、lings herself.She casts her best, she flings herself.Your company sloganYour company sloganThemodelwomanwasanangeloraqueenShemustappeardelicate,frail,ethereal.ShemustlookShemustappeardelicate,frail,ethereal.Shemustlookandactlikeafragilecreature.andactlikeafragilecreature.Agoodwomanwasessentiallypass
9、ionless:ifmenwereAgoodwomanwasessentiallypassionless:ifmenwerebeastsruledbysexualdesire,theirpurewivesandbeastsruledbysexualdesire,theirpurewivesanddaughtersknewnothingofsuchmatters.Itwasgenerallydaughtersknewnothingofsuchmatters.Itwasgenerallyagreedthatonherweddingnight,theangelicvirginshouldagreed
10、thatonherweddingnight,theangelicvirginshouldinonewayoranotherbehaveasQueenVictoriawassaidinonewayoranotherbehaveasQueenVictoriawassaidtohave:closehereyesandthinkofEngland.tohave:closehereyesandthinkofEngland.Otherwise,awomanwasindangerofbecomingafallenOtherwise,awomanwasindangerofbecomingafallenwoma
11、n.woman.Your company sloganYour company sloganAt15,burnedearlywritingbecauseherstepmotherfeltAt15,burnedearlywritingbecauseherstepmotherfeltthatareputationforscribblingwouldharmthegirlsthatareputationforscribblingwouldharmthegirlsmarriageprospectsandbecausesheherselfwasearlymarriageprospectsandbecau
12、sesheherselfwasearlyimpressedwithideasthatfasteneddegradationtothisimpressedwithideasthatfasteneddegradationtothisclassofcompositionthen,asnow,calledthenovel.classofcompositionthen,asnow,calledthenovel.Evelina (1778)Evelina (1778)ExploredthesocialdevelopmentofaExploredthesocialdevelopmentofaheroinew
13、hoprovesherselfworthyofherwell-bornheroinewhoprovesherselfworthyofherwell-bornsuitor.suitor.Cecilia; or Memoirs of an Heiress (1782) Cecilia; or Memoirs of an Heiress (1782) AnalysizedAnalysizedthesocialandeconomicproblemsofwomenthesocialandeconomicproblemsofwomenTriedtoraisethestatusofthenovelbycom
14、biningTriedtoraisethestatusofthenovelbycombiningverisimilitudewithinstructions.verisimilitudewithinstructions.FannyBurney(17521840)Your company sloganYour company sloganAphraBehn(16401689)Spyandplaywright,travelerandwit,AphraBehnwasSpyandplaywright,travelerandwit,AphraBehnwasEnglandsfirstprofessiona
15、lwomanwriter.InaagewhenmanyEnglandsfirstprofessionalwomanwriter.Inaagewhenmanywomenofletterswereintellectualaristocratswhoclaimedtowomenofletterswereintellectualaristocratswhoclaimedtowriteonlyforpleasureandfameamongtheirfriends,Behnwriteonlyforpleasureandfameamongtheirfriends,Behnwasamiddle-classwi
16、dowwhofranklywroteformoneyandwasamiddle-classwidowwhofranklywroteformoneyandpublicacclaim.publicacclaim.In1666,sheenteredtheintelligenceserviceofKingCharlesIn1666,sheenteredtheintelligenceserviceofKingCharlesII,whensuchpublictoilsofstateaffairswereunusualwithherII,whensuchpublictoilsofstateaffairswe
17、reunusualwithhersex.Shecarriedouthermissionremarkablywell,butwassex.Shecarriedouthermissionremarkablywell,butwasneverpaidproperly.Sosheendedupspendingsometimeinneverpaidproperly.Sosheendedupspendingsometimein1668inaLondondebtorsprison,whichdecidedherupon1668inaLondondebtorsprison,whichdecidedherupon
18、whatwas,forawoman,anunprecedentedstep:writingforwhatwas,forawoman,anunprecedentedstep:writingformoney.Shebecameaprofessionalandhighlyproductivemoney.Shebecameaprofessionalandhighlyproductiveplaywright.playwright.Your company sloganYour company sloganHarriet Martineau (1802-1876)Shewasmorerigorouslya
19、ndformallyeducatedthanShewasmorerigorouslyandformallyeducatedthanmostwomenofhertime.Shewasprecociouslyandmostwomenofhertime.ShewasprecociouslyandindependentlyinterestedineconomictopicsindependentlyinterestedineconomictopicsHerfathersdeathin1826forcedhertosupportherHerfathersdeathin1826forcedhertosup
20、porthermotherandherselfbyneedleworkandwritingforthemotherandherselfbyneedleworkandwritingfortheGlobeGlobeoneconomictopicssuchasmachineryandlabor.oneconomictopicssuchasmachineryandlabor.Illustrations of Political EconomyIllustrations of Political Economy,1832-34,1832-34 Illustrations of Taxation Illu
21、strations of Taxation,1834.,1834.Society in AmericaSociety in America,1837.,1837.Retrospect of Western Travel.Retrospect of Western Travel. DeerbrookDeerbrook,1839.,1839.Your company sloganYour company sloganJaneAusten(1775-1817)Shedefinedherselfasawriterbyself-consciouslyShedefinedherselfasawriterb
22、yself-consciouslysatirizingnotonlythefemaletraditioninliteraturebutalsosatirizingnotonlythefemaletraditioninliteraturebutalsoitseffectsonthegrowthanddevelopmentofthefemaleitseffectsonthegrowthanddevelopmentofthefemaleimagination.Shecomicallycriticizedtheovervaluationofimagination.Shecomicallycritici
23、zedtheovervaluationoflove,themiseducationofwomen,thesubterfugesofthelove,themiseducationofwomen,thesubterfugesofthemarriagemarket,therivalryamongwomenformalemarriagemarket,therivalryamongwomenformaleapproval,thefemalecultofweaknessanddependency,theapproval,thefemalecultofweaknessanddependency,thedis
24、crepancybetweenwomensprivatesphereandpublicdiscrepancybetweenwomensprivatesphereandpublic(male)history.(male)history.Your company sloganYour company sloganGeorgeEliot(1819-1880)EliotwasawarethatheridentificationwithmasculineEliotwasawarethatheridentificationwithmasculineachievementthreatenedtounderm
25、ineherconsciousnessachievementthreatenedtoundermineherconsciousnessofherselfasawoman.Youmaytry,butyoucannotofherselfasawoman.Youmaytry,butyoucannotimaginewhatitistohaveamansforceofgeniusinyou,imaginewhatitistohaveamansforceofgeniusinyou,yettosuffertheslaveryofbeingagirl.,saidaheroininyettosufferthes
26、laveryofbeingagirl.,saidaheroininhernovel.hernovel.Your company sloganYour company sloganQuestionsQuestionsWhatproblemsdoestheauthordiscussthroughhertwoWhatproblemsdoestheauthordiscussthroughhertwoexperiences?Whatfigurativedeviceswereemployed?experiences?Whatfigurativedeviceswereemployed?Whatarethea
27、dvantagesforusingmetaphors?Whataretheadvantagesforusingmetaphors?Whatwouldleftliterallywithoutthemetaphors?Whatwouldleftliterallywithoutthemetaphors?Your company sloganYour company sloganAndwhileIwaswritingthisreview,IdiscoveredthatifIweregoingtoAndwhileIwaswritingthisreview,IdiscoveredthatifIwerego
28、ingtoreviewbooksIshouldneedtoreviewbooksIshouldneedtodobattlewithacertainphantom.dobattlewithacertainphantom.AndtheAndthephantomwasawoman,andwhenIcametoknowherbetterphantomwasawoman,andwhenIcametoknowherbetterIcalledherIcalledherafteraftertheheroineofafamouspoem,theheroineofafamouspoem, The Angel Th
29、e Angel in the Housein the House. .InthosedaysthelastofQueenVictoriaInthosedaysthelastofQueenVictoriaeveryhousehaditsAngel.everyhousehaditsAngel.SheSheslippedslippedbehindmeandbehindmeandwhisperedwhisperedAndsheAndshemadeasiftoguidemypenmadeasiftoguidemypen. .IturneduponherandIturneduponherandcaught
30、herbycaughtherby thethroatthethroat.Ididmybestto.Ididmybesttokillherkillher.My.Myexcuse,wouldbethatIactedinexcuse,wouldbethatIactedinself-defenceself-defence.HadInotkilledhershewould.HadInotkilledhershewouldhavehavekilledmekilledme.Shewouldhave.Shewouldhavepluckedtheheartoutofmywritingpluckedthehear
31、toutofmywriting. .Thus,wheneverIfelttheThus,wheneverIfelttheshadowofherwingshadowofherwingortheortheradianceofherhaloradianceofherhalo uponmypage,Itookuptheinkpotanduponmypage,Itookuptheinkpotandflungitatherflungitather.She.Shediedharddiedhard. .Your company sloganYour company sloganKilling the Ange
32、l in the HousevvI,awomanwriterwhowantsI,awomanwriterwhowantstoreviewamansnovel.toreviewamansnovel.vvIhaveamindofmyown.Ihaveamindofmyown.vvIhavefivehundredpoundsaIhavefivehundredpoundsayearsothatIdonthavetoyearsothatIdonthavetodependsolelyoncharmfordependsolelyoncharmformyliving.myliving.vvIwanttoexp
33、resswhatIthinkIwanttoexpresswhatIthinktobethetruthabouthumantobethetruthabouthumanrelations,morality,sex.relations,morality,sex.vvTheAngelintheHouse,aTheAngelintheHouse,aModelwomanrepresentingModelwomanrepresentingtheVictorianideologyoftheVictorianideologyoffemininity.Besympathetic;femininity.Besymp
34、athetic;betender;flatter;deceive;usebetender;flatter;deceive;usealltheartsandwilesofouralltheartsandwilesofoursex.Aboveall,bepure.sex.Aboveall,bepure.vvSheneverhasamindorwishSheneverhasamindorwishofherown.ofherown.vvThesequestionscannotbeThesequestionscannotbedealtwithfreelyandopenlydealtwithfreelya
35、ndopenlybywoman.bywoman.Your company sloganYour company sloganKilling the Angel in the HousevvCamebetweenmeandmyCamebetweenmeandmypaper.Botheredmeandwastedpaper.BotheredmeandwastedmytimeandtormentedmemytimeandtormentedmevvShadowofherwingsfellonShadowofherwingsfellonmypage;therustlingofhermypage;ther
36、ustlingofherskirtsintheroomskirtsintheroomvvSlippedbehindmeandSlippedbehindmeandwhisperedwhisperedvvWouldhavekilledme;wouldWouldhavekilledme;wouldhavepluckedtheheartoutofhavepluckedtheheartoutofmywriting.mywriting.vvDiedhard.HerfictitiousnatureDiedhard.Herfictitiousnaturewasofgreatassistancetoher.wa
37、sofgreatassistancetoher.Shealwayscreptback.Shealwayscreptback.vvIturneduponherandcaughtIturneduponherandcaughtherbythethroat.Ididmybestherbythethroat.Ididmybesttokillher.tokillher.vvIactedinself-defence.Iactedinself-defence.vvItookuptheinkpotandflungItookuptheinkpotandflungitather.itather.vvIdispatc
38、hedher.Idispatchedher.vvItsfarhardertokillaphantomItsfarhardertokillaphantomthanareality.thanareality.vvIflattermyselfthatIkilledherIflattermyselfthatIkilledherintheinthe end.end.Your company sloganYour company sloganDoabattlewithaphantom.Thephantomwasawoman.theAngelDoabattlewithaphantom.Thephantomw
39、asawoman.theAngelintheHouseintheHouseWiththismetaphor,theauthorinvitesustolookatherstruggletoWiththismetaphor,theauthorinvitesustolookatherstruggletofreeherselffromtheVictorianideologyoffemininityasaseverefreeherselffromtheVictorianideologyoffemininityasaseverebattlebetweenenemies.Andtheenemyhascomp
40、licatednatures.battlebetweenenemies.Andtheenemyhascomplicatednatures.Describingtheenemyasaphantom,sheallowsthereadertoimagineDescribingtheenemyasaphantom,sheallowsthereadertoimaginethegreatdifficultyinfightinganintangibleenemy.Bypersonifyingthegreatdifficultyinfightinganintangibleenemy.Bypersonifyin
41、gthetraditionalideologyoffemininityastheAngelinthehouse,thethetraditionalideologyoffemininityastheAngelinthehouse,theauthorleftapowerfulimpressionuponthereader,fortheycanfeelauthorleftapowerfulimpressionuponthereader,fortheycanfeelitsexistenceanditseachandeverymovement.itsexistenceanditseachandevery
42、movement.Your company sloganYour company sloganMeaningofArts andCatsArts:Arts:1.Sheexcelledinthedifficult1.Sheexcelledinthedifficultartsartsoflife.oflife.2. 2.UsealltheUsealltheartsartsandwilesofoursex.andwilesofoursex.3. 3.IdonotbelievethatanybodycanknowuntilshehasexpressedIdonotbelievethatanybodyc
43、anknowuntilshehasexpressedherselfinalltheherselfinalltheartsartsandprofessionsopentohumanskill.andprofessionsopentohumanskill.Cat:Cat:1. 1.ButtoshowyouhowlittleIdeservetobecalledaprofessionalButtoshowyouhowlittleIdeservetobecalledaprofessionalwoman,Iwentoutandboughtacatabeautifulcat,awoman,Iwentouta
44、ndboughtacatabeautifulcat,aPersiancatPersiancat. .2. 2.WhatcouldbeeasierthantowritearticlesandtobuyWhatcouldbeeasierthantowritearticlesandtobuyPersianPersiancatscatswiththeprofits?withtheprofits?3. 3.Imadeonepoundtenandsixbymyfirstreview;andIboughtaImadeonepoundtenandsixbymyfirstreview;andIboughtaPe
45、rsiancatwiththeproceeds.ThenIgrewambitious.APersianPersiancatwiththeproceeds.ThenIgrewambitious.APersiancatisallverywell,Isaid;butacatisallverywell,Isaid;butaPersiancatPersiancatisnotenough.Iisnotenough.Imusthaveamusthaveamotorcarmotorcar. .Your company sloganYour company sloganquestionsquestionsWha
46、tisanovelistsstateofmind?Whatisanovelistsstateofmind?WhydoestheauthorusethemetaphoroffishingtoWhydoestheauthorusethemetaphoroffishingtodescribeherstateofmind?Inwhatwaydoesthedescribeherstateofmind?Inwhatwaydoestheimageofafishermanatadeeplakefitthesituationimageofafishermanatadeeplakefitthesituationo
47、fawomanwriter?ofawomanwriter?WhatwastheproblemdiscussedinthesecondWhatwastheproblemdiscussedinthesecondexperience?experience?Your company sloganYour company sloganThefishermanatadeeplakeperfectlyfitsthesituationtheauthoristryingtoThefishermanatadeeplakeperfectlyfitsthesituationtheauthoristryingtodes
48、cribe.Outwardly,thelakeappearsdeadlycalm,andthefishermansunkindescribe.Outwardly,thelakeappearsdeadlycalm,andthefishermansunkindreamscalm,too.Beneaththesurfaceofthewater,therearebigfishaswelldreamscalm,too.Beneaththesurfaceofthewater,therearebigfishaswellashardstones,hiddenindarkness.Thelinemaygodee
49、pintothewatertocatchashardstones,hiddenindarkness.Thelinemaygodeepintothewatertocatchthebiggestfishor,tocrashonahardrock.Insidethefisherman/writer,therearethebiggestfishor,tocrashonahardrock.Insidethefisherman/writer,thereareconflictingthoughts.Thatis,thefreestimaginationthat,accordingtotraditionalc
50、onflictingthoughts.Thatis,thefreestimaginationthat,accordingtotraditionalthinking,shouldbeheldprivatelyandnotdealtwithinpublic,aswellasthethinking,shouldbeheldprivatelyandnotdealtwithinpublic,aswellastheawarenessoftheconsequencesofrevealingtheimaginationtothepublic.awarenessoftheconsequencesofreveal
51、ingtheimaginationtothepublic.ThroughthismetaphorthereaderperceivesthatthetruthaboutbodyandThroughthismetaphorthereaderperceivesthatthetruthaboutbodyandpassionandsexisforcedintodarknessbytraditionalvaluesoffemininity.Andpassionandsexisforcedintodarknessbytraditionalvaluesoffemininity.Andwithinthewoma
52、nwriterherself,thewishtoexploretheforbiddentopicandthewithinthewomanwriterherself,thewishtoexploretheforbiddentopicandtheawarenessofthedoublestandardsmenhaveagainstwomentearsherasunder.awarenessofthedoublestandardsmenhaveagainstwomentearsherasunder. Your company sloganYour company sloganTosumupthetw
53、oexperiences,whilethefirstTosumupthetwoexperiences,whilethefirstexperienceisafightagainstsomethingoutsidetheexperienceisafightagainstsomethingoutsidethephantom,ortheAngelinthehouse,thesecondphantom,ortheAngelinthehouse,thesecondexperienceisabouttheinnerstrugglebetweentheexperienceisabouttheinnerstru
54、gglebetweentheconflictingideaswithinthewriterherself.conflictingideaswithinthewriterherself.Your company sloganYour company sloganTable of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Main title 3. Examples 4. ConclusionYour company sloganYour company sloganRelated DocumentsCompetitorsCompetitors You may want to all
55、ocate one slide per competitor You may want to allocate one slide per competitorStrengthsStrengths Your strengths relative to competitors Your strengths relative to competitorsWeaknessesWeaknesses Your weaknesses relative to competitor Your weaknesses relative to competitorYour company sloganYour co
56、mpany sloganRelated Documentsexample1example2text1text2Your company sloganYour company sloganRelated Documentsexampletext1text1exampletext2text2exampletext3text3Your company sloganYour company sloganRelated Documentstext1text2text3Your company sloganYour company sloganRelated Documentsexampletext1text1exampletext2text2exampletext3text3exampletext4text4Your company sloganYour company sloganChart DocumentsYour company sloganYour company sloganChart Documents
