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1、大多数受过教育的人说话或大多数受过教育的人说话或写作时使用的英语就是正确写作时使用的英语就是正确的的 I. Review and comments on the assignments II. Translation of attributive clauses III. Translation of adverbial clauses IV. summary V. Assignments VI. References for further readingTeaching Procedures1.Thepeoplewhoworkedforhimlivedinmortalfearofhim.在
2、他手下干活的人对他都怕得要死。在他手下干活的人对他都怕得要死。2.Pollutionisapressingproblemwhichwemustdealwith.污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切问题。污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切问题。3.ThisisthereasonwhyIamnotinfavorofrevisingtheplan.这就是我不赞成修改计划的原因。这就是我不赞成修改计划的原因。A.译成前置定语译成前置定语(合译法合译法)II. TranslationofAttributiveClauses4. “How could a great paper like the Washington
3、Post, full of brilliant editors, get so involved in its own conceit and arrogance to pursue a story which its own staff was saying was fabricated from the beginning?” 像华盛顿邮报这样一家拥有许多出色编辑的大报， 为何自以为是和高傲自大到如此地步， 竟然追求一篇连自己的编辑人员从一开始也认连自己的编辑人员从一开始也认为是虚构的为是虚构的报道？”A.译成前置定语译成前置定语(合译法合译法)II. TranslationofAttri
4、butiveClauses5. When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was, he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 他常常常常聚精会神地做工作， 这时他会废寝忘食。6.The sun , which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendor.7.那个整天躲在云层里的那个整天躲在云层里的太阳， 现在又光芒四射地露面了。7. But Miggles laugh, which was very infectious, broke
5、 the silence. 但密格尔的富有感染力的密格尔的富有感染力的笑声打破了寂静。8. He wrote a book, which is about economics. 他写了一本经济学方面的一本经济学方面的书。II. TranslationofAttributiveClausesA.译成前置定语译成前置定语(合译法合译法)9. July and August are the months when the weather is hot. 七八月是天气很热的月份。10In the room where the electronic computer is kept, there mus
6、t be no dust at all. 在存放电子计算机的房间，不能有一点灰尘。11. I must make full use of the time there is left to me and do as much as I can for the people. 我要充分利用我剩下的岁月，尽量为人民多做些事情。12. A car which is in motion has kinetic energy. 正在开动的车子具有动能。II. TranslationofAttributiveClausesA.译成前置定语译成前置定语(合译法合译法)1 A fuel is a materi
7、al which will burn at a reasonable temperature and produce heat. 燃料是一种物质， 在适当温度下能燃烧并放出热量。2 Newton invented a paper lantern illuminated by a candle which he carried with him to light his way to school on dark winter morning. 牛顿发明了一只蜡烛的纸灯笼， 在昏暗的冬天早晨上学时带着灯笼照路。3We will put off the outing until next week
8、, when we wont be so busy. 我们把郊游推迟到下星期， 到那时我们不会这么忙了。B.译成并列分句（分译法）译成并列分句（分译法）II. TranslationofAttributiveClauses4In power stations, coal or oil is burned and changed into electricity, which is then sent over to homes and factories. 在发电站里， 煤和油燃烧变成电， 然后电沿着导线输送到住家和工厂。5She was not unconscious, as could b
9、e judged from her eyes. 她没有失去知觉， 这从她的眼睛可以看出来。B.译成并列分句（分译法）译成并列分句（分译法）II. TranslationofAttributiveClauses6 Nearly everyone knows the story of “the dog that worried the cat that caught the rat that ate the grain that lay in the house that Jack built.” 几乎人人都知道这个故事：“ 杰克盖了房， 房里堆了粮， 耗子把粮吃光， 猫把耗子抓伤， 狗又把猫逼上
10、房。” II. TranslationofAttributiveClausesB.译成并列分句（分译法）译成并列分句（分译法）7. The process by which energy is changed from one form into another is called the transformation of energy. 能量从一种形式变为另一种形式， 这一过程称为能量转换。8. They were short of sticks to make frames for the climbing vines, without which the yield would be
11、halved. 他们缺搭葡萄架的杆儿， 没有杆搭架子， 葡萄产量就会减少一半。B.译成并列分句（分译法）译成并列分句（分译法）II. TranslationofAttributiveClauses1There are many people who want to apply for the position. 有很多人想应聘这个岗位。2Fortunately there are some chemical fuels that are clean and smokeless. 幸好有些化学燃料是洁净无烟的。4We used a plane of which almost every part
12、 carried some identification of national identity. 我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有国籍的某些标志。II. TranslationofAttributiveClausesC.混合译法混合译法5. You compare her with your English - women who wolf down from three to five meat meals a day; and naturally you find her a sylph. 你们英国女人每天狼吞虎咽地吃上三粲到五粲的肉食， 你们拿她来 比她们， 当然觉得她是窈窕仙女了。
13、6. The acid test is expected to come today or early next week when a bill goes before the U.S. Congress for approval of the sale of US$60 million worth of spare parts to Taiwan. 出售价值六千万美元的零件给台湾的法案将在今天或下周初提交美国国会批准， 届时严峻的考验就要到来了。7. There is a man downstairs who wants to see you. 楼下有人要见你。II. Translatio
14、nofAttributiveClausesC.混合译法混合译法1.Mancantliveonthemoon,wherethereisnoairorwater.人不能月球上生活，人不能月球上生活，因为那里没有空气和水。因为那里没有空气和水。（译成原因状语从句）（译成原因状语从句）2.Electricalenergythatissuppliedtoalampcanbeturnedintolightenergy.当把电供给电灯时，当把电供给电灯时，它就会变成光能。（译成时它就会变成光能。（译成时间状语从句）间状语从句）3.Nothingisdifficultintheworldforanyone,w
15、hodarestoscaletheheight.世上无难事，世上无难事，只要肯登攀。（译成条件状语从句）只要肯登攀。（译成条件状语从句）D译成状语从句译成状语从句:II. TranslationofAttributiveClauses4.Themanufactureofthisequipmentisaverycomplexone,whichtookusalotoftime.这一仪器的生产非常复杂，结果花了我们很多时间。这一仪器的生产非常复杂，结果花了我们很多时间。5.Hewishestowriteanarticle,whichwillattractpublicattentiontotheair
16、pollutioninthiscity.他想写一篇文章，他想写一篇文章，以此来引起公众对这座城市空气污染以此来引起公众对这座城市空气污染的关注。（译成目的状语从句）的关注。（译成目的状语从句）6.HelikesMissNancyverymuch,whodespiseshim.尽管南希小姐很讨厌他，尽管南希小姐很讨厌他，他却很喜欢她。（译成让步状他却很喜欢她。（译成让步状语从句）语从句）D译成状语从句译成状语从句:II. TranslationofAttributiveClauses7.Einstein,whoworkedoutthefamousTheoryofRelativity,wonthe
17、NovelPrizein1921.爱因斯坦由于提出了著名的爱因斯坦由于提出了著名的“相对论相对论”，于于1921年获得了年获得了诺贝尔奖。（原因）诺贝尔奖。（原因）8.Wehavetooilthemovingpartsofthemachine,thefrictionofwhichmaybereducedgreatly.我们必须给机器的可动部件加油，我们必须给机器的可动部件加油，以便使摩擦大大减少。以便使摩擦大大减少。（目的）（目的）9.Howcananyonehopetobeaqualifiedteacher,whodoesntknowwhatthestudentsarethinkingand
18、demanding?一个教师如果不知道他的学生在想什么，一个教师如果不知道他的学生在想什么，需要什么，怎需要什么，怎能指望成为一个合格的教师呢？条件）能指望成为一个合格的教师呢？条件）TranslationofAttributiveClauses10.Electroniccomputers,whichhavemanyadvantages,cantcarryoutcreativeworkandcompletelyreplacepeople.尽管电子计算机有很多优点，尽管电子计算机有很多优点，但是它们不能进行创造性但是它们不能进行创造性的工作，也不能代替人。（让步）的工作，也不能代替人。（让步）1
19、1.Iknockedatthedooroftheredhouse,whichopenedrightaway.（结果）（结果）我敲了敲那座红房子的门，那门就立即开了。我敲了敲那座红房子的门，那门就立即开了。D译成状语从句译成状语从句:II. TranslationofAttributiveClauses1.Light travels in straight lines, which explains why shadows are formed when it goes past an object. 光以直线传播， 这这说明光经过物体时形成阴影的原因。2.To find the pressur
20、e we divide the force by the area on which it presses, which gives us the force per unit area. 要求压强， 则把力除以它所作用的面积，从而从而得出单位面积上的力。3Metals have many good properties, as has been stated before. 金属有很多良好的性能， 这这在前面已经讲了。4As is known to us, diesel engines are cheaper to run than gasoline engines.正如我们所知正如我们所知
21、， 使用柴油机比使用汽油机便宜。E.特种定语从句的翻译特种定语从句的翻译II. TranslationofAttributiveClauses5 He is a professor, as is clear from his manner. 他是个教授，这可以从他的举止上明显地看出来。6.They turned a deaf ear to our demands, which enraged all of us. 他们对我们的要求置之不理， 这是我们大家都十分生气。7.The thief, who was about to escape, was caught by the policemen
22、. 小偷正要逃跑时， 被警察给抓住了。II. TranslationofAttributiveClausesE.特种定语从句的翻译特种定语从句的翻译III. TranslationofAdverbialClausesA.前置译法前置译法 1While she spoke, tears were running down. 她说话时， 泪水直流。2Please turn off the light when you leave the room. 离屋时请关灯。 3Wherever there is matter, there is motion. 哪里有物质， 哪里就有运动。III. Tran
23、slationofAdverbialClauses4It was better in case they were captured. 要是把他们捉到了，那就更好了。 5While I grant his honesty, I suspect his memory. 虽然我对他的诚实没有异议， 但我对他的记忆力却感 到怀疑。 6No matter what misfortune befell him, he always squared his shoulders and said: “Never mind, Ill work harder.” 不管他遭受什么不幸事儿， 他总是把胸一挺， 说：
24、 “没关 系， 我再加把劲。” A.前置译法前置译法III. TranslationofAdverbialClauses7 The value of health is not esteemed until it is lost. 人要到失去了健康，才知道健康的可贵。 8Though I were starving, I would not ask a favor of him. 我纵然饿死，也不去向他求助。A.前置译法前置译法III. TranslationofAdverbialClausesB.后置译法后置译法 1The steel is heated until it becomes r
25、ed. 将钢加热到发红。 2We should start early so that we might get there before noon. 我们应该早点动身， 以便中午前赶到那里。I could understand his point of view, in that Id been in a similar position.我能够理解他的观点， 因为我自己也有过类似的处境。III. TranslationofAdverbialClausesB.后置译法后置译法4Electricity flows through a wire just as water flows throu
26、gh a pipe. 电流通过导线，正像水流过管子一样。5You can drive tonight if you are ready. 你今晚可以出车， 如果你愿意的话。（这种欧式 句型经借用以后， 已经成了汉语的一种组句方 式， 并为中国读者所接受，但译成这样的句式要 视上下问的语境， 千万不可刻意为之，如使用不 当， 效果截然相反。）III. TranslationofAdverbialClausesC.译成分句1The tape recorder is so small that you can carry it in your pocket. 这台录音机体积小， 可以把它放在衣袋里。
27、2They set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid. 他赎金还没有交， 他们就把他放了。3She sang as she prepared the experiment. 她一边唱歌， 一边准备实验。III. TranslationofAdverbialClausesC.译成分句4Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion. 他深信这件事正确可靠，因此坚持己见。5I still think that you made a
28、 mistake while I admit what you say. 就算你说得对，我仍然认为你做错了。6After all, it did not matter, because in 24 hours, they were going to be free. 反正关系不大， 二十四小时以后他们就要自由了。III. TranslationofAdverbialClausesC.译成分句7Whenwewereabouttogetawayapolicecarcametothefrontdoor.我们正准备离开，我们正准备离开，一辆警车来到前门。一辆警车来到前门。8Shipswerebuilt
29、,andkeptthoroughlyefficient,somuchsothatthecountryremainedsafeforverymanyyears.兵舰造出来了，兵舰造出来了，而且发挥了充分的效能，而且发挥了充分的效能，国家得国家得以多年太平无事。以多年太平无事。9Mostcometsaresodimthattheycannotbeseenbythenakedeye.大多数慧星都很暗，大多数慧星都很暗，肉眼是看不见的。肉眼是看不见的。IV. Summary1.A.TranslationofAttributiveClauses2.1)译成前置定语译成前置定语(合译法合译法)2)译成并列
30、分句（分译法）译成并列分句（分译法）3)混合译法混合译法4)译成状语从句译成状语从句5)特种定语从句的翻译特种定语从句的翻译B.TranslationofAdverbialClauses1)前置译法前置译法2)后置译法后置译法3)译成分句译成分句1.Sentencestranslationinyourhandouts2.PassagestranslationinyourhandoutsV. Assignments1.古约编著古约编著.挑战翻译挑战翻译.西安：西安：西安交通大学出版社，西安交通大学出版社，20082.范仲英编著范仲英编著.实用翻译教程（第一版）实用翻译教程（第一版）.北京：外北京
31、：外语教学与研究出版社，语教学与研究出版社，2005.3.郝丽萍等编著郝丽萍等编著.实用英汉翻译理论与实践（第一版）实用英汉翻译理论与实践（第一版）.北京：机械工业出版社，北京：机械工业出版社，2006.4.叶子南著叶子南著.高级英汉翻译理论与实践（第一版）高级英汉翻译理论与实践（第一版）.北京：清华大学出版社，北京：清华大学出版社，2001.5.陈秋劲编著陈秋劲编著.英汉互译理论与实践（第一版）英汉互译理论与实践（第一版）.湖湖北：武汉大学出版社，北：武汉大学出版社，2005. VI. References for further readingTheEnd结束语结束语谢谢大家聆听！谢谢大家聆听！37
