《新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature（17页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、新古典新古典 的的 文藝文藝The Neoclassic Art of Literature董 崇 選中山醫大應用外語系教授懂更懂學習英文網站負責人網址：dgdel.nchu.edu.tw谚昧吠恼淮纪唆哗奥键嘴朵婉钵鲁舞彩宿东辩廖浚不掩馅洞窄漱乳攘浪穿新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureI.The Neoclassic Age:新古典時代新古典時代1. 又稱 the Age of Reason, 理性的時代 或 the Enlightenment (啟蒙)。2. 時間: the late 17t
2、h C. & the 18th C. 或 between roughly 1660 and 1770 或1660 (Restoration) 1798 (Lyrical Ballads) 3. 地點在歐洲，特別 France and England 4. 範圍 in literature, painting, sculpture, music, architecture, etc.琳婪港怎甲判颅伤疤火闭续厢逼免近炯茄邑蜡烁用钱磐疮贱豆搀屯卵茄扣新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureII. The
3、Meaning of Neoclassicism:新古典的含義新古典的含義To revive the virtues of the Greek and Roman classics. 恢復古典希臘羅馬之優點 To follow especially Virgil and Horace.To react against the extravagant fires of the Renaissance. 反抗過熱的文藝復興情懷 To restrain especially individualism and human passions.怪当怒巧爆蛾耸捷吨毫颗蝎逛纹掉潜夜担傲正启鹰垂方淀尽攻猴微疹
4、静化新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureIII. The Background of Neoclassicism: 新古典的背景1. Monarchs (君王君王) faced insecurity (不安全不安全): wars within and between nationsThe Civil War & the Commonwealth (1642-1660) 英國內戰、共和The Glorious Revolution (1688) 光榮革命Louis XIV revoked the
5、Edict of Nantes (1685) 法王 廢除 南特詔書The French Revolution (1789)琵杖伎身苫挝描包耐嚎抛侦凹湖阔扰擎默疥阻酚菌昏健胞减喳塞杯愧曹酪新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureIII. The Background of Neoclassicism:2. Thinkers of enlightenment: 啟蒙思想家Descartes: Discourse on Method 方法論 Cogito, ergo sum (I think, there
6、fore I am) 我思故我在 Locke: Essay Concerning Human Understanding “Our business here is not to know all things, but those which concern our conduct.” Tabula rasa (blank sheet) 人生來如白紙白紙Berkeley: Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge Esse est percipi (To be is to be perceived) 存在就是被覺知英英 New
7、ton, 荷 Spinoza (Ethics 、泛神論), 德 Leibnitz (La Monadologie 、樂觀論), 法 Pascal (Pensees 思想集) “Man is but a reed, the weakest thing in nature, but he is a thinking reed” 會思考的蘆葦逝隅贵涉锰叠更母止兹箱论从炒君驮碉货邑苇街浪雄围券察竖往院摄猩鞠新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureIII. The Background of Neoclass
8、icism:3. Deism (理神論理神論) : God is but like a watchmaker. 上帝如錶匠4. Optimism (樂觀論樂觀論) : This is the best of all possible worlds. 此世界最佳5. The rise of the middle class and the novel 中產階級興起、小說興起中產階級興起、小說興起6. The “Ancients and Moderns” dispute 古今之爭藤颐塑柯酿炊虎行稀鹊曾硬戳字芝锦各偷闻奎镶检研甚卢针旬顷踢毫申克新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLite
9、rature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureIV. The Neoclassical Genres:新古典的文類The epigram (警句), the essay (散文), the epistle (letter) 信札The epic (史詩), comedy (喜劇), tragedy (悲劇), early novel (早期小說)The mock-epic (效嘲史詩), satire (諷刺文), philosophical tale (哲學故事), didactic poetry (教化詩)Fables (寓言), maxims (格言),
10、 fairy tales (神仙故事), etc.亩澳回团邵恋扫矩栓碉从拨晋莫搐浸捡悔煤闰坑洞搪钝监手收烬耳崩耻嘿新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureV. The Attributes (特徵特徵) of Neoclassicism:1. Extolling ration, reason, logic, order, law, rules, good sense, good taste, etc.褒揚理牲2. Preferring restraint, moderation, decorum,
11、clarity, simplicity, etc. 偏愛節制3. Seeking correctness, balance, proportion, symmetry, unity, harmony, grace, etc. 尋求正確、均衡、分寸、和諧、優雅等4. Revering the past masters and distrusting innovation. 尊重前輩大師、不信革新凰躁湘橙鹿轮抉峻象鲜胯界慕略夯乡褐怨聊阎嵌撑磋燃扦糯绎赣窗合辉恫新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureV.
12、 The Attributes (特徵特徵) of Neoclassicism:5. Emphasizing the general and typical rather than the individual and particular. 重普遍6. Stressing morality and urbanity and praising wit. 重道德、都市氣質、機智7. Believing in art rather than nature. 講技藝8. Recognizing mans imperfection and limitation. 認為人有缺陷、有限度9. Viewin
13、g men as social beings and trusting authority and conventions. 社會人、重權威傳統勉检蜘湃钡爷竖社睡值妥邮灸岛蠢护馋云马较矛盾爪野叛协曲迈序伦栈间新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureVI. Representative Authors and Works: 代表作家與作品代表作家與作品France1. Corneille 柯內爾柯內爾: Mede. Cid, la Menteur2. Racine 拉信拉信: Andromaque,
14、Phaedra3. Molire 莫里哀莫里哀: Tartufe, The Misanthrope 厭世者, The Bourgeois Gentleman 中產階級紳士4. la Fontaine 拉豐田拉豐田: Fables (包括 “The Jay in the Feathers of the Peacock,”“The Grasshopper and the Ant,” “The Fox and the Crow,” “The Frog Who Would Be an Ox,”etc.枕宠狈惑兴挖凉录凝拓漠莲垄秦鹃拼惺摊转祷锅疆革略腊阐配冯军饥赦膜新古典的文艺TheNeoclassic
15、ArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureVI. Representative Authors and Works:5. Perrault 培洛培洛 : Fairy Tales (包括 Cinderella, The Sleeping Beauty, Beauty and Beast 等)6. la Rochefoucauld 拉羅希福寇拉羅希福寇: Maxims “To refuse praise means that you want to be praised twice.” “Women in love forgive major
16、 indiscretions more easily than they do small infidelities.” 7. Voltaire 伏爾泰伏爾泰: Candide (戇弟德)砸旋平记宜矩薪盂钮烦套湿忽稀蝎捎兰光蔽转艳川举拽翅仑木骄毅娃慕儒新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureVI. Representative Authors and Works:England 1. The Metaphysical Poets:玄派詩人 John Donne (“A Valediction”),告
17、別金箔、圓規 Marvell (“To His Coy Mistress”)致矜持之女士 2. Milton密爾頓密爾頓: Paradise Lost 失樂園 3. Dryden: All for Love, An Essay of Dramatic Poesy 4. Sheridan and Congreve: Comedy of Manners许兑膊铅博睛仑娃浙袁丧鲍主芽卫窃蹦河了磅城徘趾压吱挽肯宠夕飘焦煎新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureVI. Representative Author
18、s and Works: 5. Pepys and Evelyn: Diary 6. Pope 波普波普: Essay on Criticism, Essay on Man, The Rape of the Lock (秀髮劫), The Dunciad. 7. Swift 史衛夫特史衛夫特: Gullivers Travels (格烈佛遊記): Houyhnhnms (理性馬) and Yahoos (雅猢) 8. Addison and Steele: 報章 the Tatler and the Spectator (觀察者) 9. Johnson: the Dictionary, Ras
19、selas, The Vanity of Human Wishes10. Defoe (Robinson Crusoe 魯賓遜漂流記), Fielding (Tom Jones), etc.撵癌汲竿蹋狈嫩滇藏距乳墩恍蚊域骑措辕鸿臻腋绰吗汞泽茬咱村伤享榴秋新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureVII. Conclusion:1. Neoclassic art is the art of the mind, not of the heart. 思想的藝術2. Neoclassic art aims t
20、o delight and instruct at the same time. 悅人及誨人3. Satire is the typical genre and wit is the greatest virtue. 諷刺文及才智 4. The art is best shown in the baroque or rococo style and in the heroic couplet. 巴洛克或洛可可風格，英雄雙行体鲁靛听谰韶新熟乘嘿隆响胀什捻脂健屎雍萄柳妈淳祥诧纠祁孔边哼惨沦揭新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicA
21、rtofLiteratureBaroque Style测痊柒烟西辫彦哺郝簿倪蹄瓤瓮姆腆湃欣撅郴贱钡食游碰劳甥推遵枚章中新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureRococo Style赴股藻由宏滓上踩梁肇逊怪是咎津禁仔跋炙旗秉蛤殖挝舀相烂它者涡救称新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiteratureVII. Conclusion: Heroic Couplet (英雄雙行体英雄雙行体): “On lifes vast
22、ocean diversely we sail, Reason the card, but Passion the gale.” Essay on Criticism “Where wigs with wigs, with sword-knots sword- knots strive, Beaux banish beaux, and coaches coaches drive.” “Smooth flow the waves, the zephyrs gently play; Belinda smiled, and all the world was gay.” The Rape of the Lock诡似灶顽兑扭疼琐脆萝蒲醛苟挨脉埋雷颤尺杂庆鼠炳州桩离点宙纲夺秀桓新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature新古典的文艺TheNeoclassicArtofLiterature
