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1、Seismic Domain ConversionObjectives Quality control time/depth relationships for wells Define velocity model intervals Create an uncorrected velocity model using well data Create a final corrected velocity model using well data Create a velocity model with uncertainty Depth convert a 3D Grid General
2、 depth conversion Optional: Create a velocity model using a seismic velocity cube Create velocity model using stacking velocities (xytv point-data)OverviewVelocity Modeling is separate from Domain ConversionInteractively switch between time and depth for converted objectsDefine the velocity model by
3、:-Surfaces/constants-Well Time/Depth Relation-Velocity Cubes-3D gridsConvert both ways with the same modelConvert objects independent of the 3D gridPerform conversions in the process managerVelocity model bridges the gap between time and depth domainTime domainDepth domainVelocity modelTime - depth
4、conversionDepth - time conversionThe Workflow Define velocity model1. Define velocity intervals (usually between time interpretation surfaces)2. Define velocity functions (automatically calculated or user-defined)3. Define output (e.g. velocity cubes, V0 and k for Q.C. purposes) Domain convert via1.
5、 Right click on object (uses currently ”active” velocity model)2. General Depth Conversion Process for Multiple objects3. 3D Grid Conversion4. Within a workflow in Process manager The ProcessVelocityCorrectionsZONESOutputAdvancedDatumDatumVoVo + kzVo + k(z-z0)A: Auto 1. Correction (Vo) 2. TDR (Vo &
6、k)B: User 1. Constant 2. SurfaceC: Velocity SEGY (average)D: 3D Velocity Property (average)DatumVoVo + kzVo + k(z-z0)1. Seg-Y 2. Velocity Surfaces 3. Well Data Points4. T & V logs 5. Residual Points 6. Output Sheet1. Constant 2. Surface3. Horizon*4. Well Tops1. Constant 2. Surface3. Horizon*Or none1
7、. Well trace Md inc 2. Depth & Time tolerance3. Velocity & k clippingAdditional Settings +(Gridding & SegY settings)Saved in Model tabThe exercise examplesTime/Depth relationship in wellsVelocity Cube (SEG-Y)Stacking Velocities (Point data)Velocity Model 1Velocity Model 2*Velocity Model 3*Active (se
8、lected) Velocity ModelDomain Conversion of objects*Optional exercises, see AttachmentsDefine intervals1.In the Process pane, open the Geophysics folder and double-click on the Make Velocity Model2.Click the ”Append item in the table” icon as many times as available input objects3.Change Bottom Inter
9、val to desired type4.Select the levels to model, from Input or Models tab, click on its name and drop it into the dialog box using the drop in arrow 5.Keep the Correction set to None32451Velocity modeling using well data1.Select type of velocity model for each interval. When using the Linvel functio
10、n for modelling, constants, surfaces or Well TDR can be used as input2.Set V0 to Well TDR Surface/ Constant3.Set k to Well TDR Surface/ Constant231Velocity modeling - Output1.Open the Output tab2.Click on the data types needed as output215. Defines Gridding algorithms for Surfaces and resolution for
11、 Cubes, Surfaces and Logs.2311.Open the Advanced tab.2.Check that Well velocity tab is open.3.Possible to set MD increment, depth and time tolerance and clipping parameters for V0 and k.4. Activate Output settings tab4Velocity modeling Advanced settingsVelocity modeling using well data1.Open Setting
12、s for Wells and go to the Time tab. Select Checkshots, Well Tops or corrected sonic logs as source for time/depth (move the prefered source to the top) 2.Keep the parameters for the velocity model the same as the values shown3.Click Apply or OK to generate the velocity model123Velocity modeling with
13、 uncertainty1.Create a new velocity model with Well tops correction, based on the previous velocity model 2.Toggle on Activate uncertainty page icon to insert a Std Dev column under the Velocity model tab and to activate the Uncertainty tab. Fill in appropriate Std Dev. numbers 3.Go to the Uncertain
14、ty tab and fill in appropriate Variogram parameters. Toggle on Iconize uncertainty error surface. Click Apply4.A velocity model containing velocity surfaces with uncertainty built into them is generated5.Check uncertainty statistics and display the corresponding deterministic and stochastic V0-surfa
15、ces231Deterministic V0-surfaceStochastic V0-surface45Depth convert a 3D grid1.Make sure the correct 3D Model is active2.From the Process tab, under Structural Modeling, open Depth Convert 3D Grid3.Select the appropriate Velocity Model4.Alternatively change the pillar geometry types for faulted and n
16、on-faulted pillars before Applying5.A new 3D Model will appear in the Models tab, with the input 3D grid name and an extension DC34251Depth convert Seismic data1.Make sure the correct Velocity Model is active (Bold name).2.Right click on the 3D volume and select Depth convert by active velocity mode
17、l.3.Alternatively, from the Process tab, under Geophysics, open the General Depth Conversion process.4.Click on the 3D volume name in the Input tab and drop it into the dialog box using the Append selected item to the list icon. Click Apply.3412General depth conversion1.Make sure the correct Velocit
18、y Model is active (bold text)2.From the Input pane, right click on the object to be depth converted and use Depth convert by active velocity model 3.Clicking the + in front of the depth converted object shows the now available time and depth domains for the object 4.The Time/depth settings can be ch
19、anged in the top Toolbar. Alternate between TWT and TVD while observing the effect in a 3D Window2134General depth conversion5.Alternatively, or to depth convert several objects, open the General depth conversion process6.Select correct velocity model from the pull down menu7.Drop in the objects by clicking on their names in the Input pane and then on the Append selected item icon in the process dialog8.The Time/depth settings can be changed in the top Toolbar. Alternate between TWT and TVD while observing the effect in a 3D Window85769EXERCISE Domain Conversion
