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1、Biographical IntroductionFamily background: was born in a country clergymans family and was brought up in an intelligent but restricted environment.Education: Through a wide reading of books available in her fathers library, Jane acquired a through knowledge of 18th century literature.Life: she live
2、d a quiet, retired and uneventful life. And her closest companion was her elder sister, who likes her, never married.Writing: she began as a child to write novels for family entertainment. Her works were published anonymously due to the prejudice against women writers then.The house where she lived,
3、 Chawton, Hampshire Jane Austens House at ChawtonPersuasion1818Emma1816Northanger Abbey1818 Major works Her literary achievementsMansfield Park1814Pride and Prejudice1813Sense and Sensibility1811Sense & SensibilityMansfield ParkEmmaPersuasionAustens Writing FeaturesIn style, she is a neoclassical ad
4、vocator, upholding those traditional ideas of order, reason, proportion and gracefulness in novel writing.She believes in the predominance of reason over passion, the sense of responsibility, good manners and clear-sighted judgments over the Romantic tendencies of emotion and individuality Austens l
5、iterary concernAustens main literary concern is about human beings in their personal relationships. Austen shows a human being not at moments of crisis, but in the most trivial incidents of everyday life.Austen is particularly preoccupied with the relationship between men and women in love. Stories
6、of love and marriage provide the major themes in all her novels. (marry for material wealth and social position; marry for beauty and passion; marry for true love)Austens literary concernAs a novelist Jane Austen writes within a very narrow sphere. The subject matter, the character range, the physic
7、al setting, social setting, and plots are all restricted to the provincial or village life of the 19th century England. (some family things, dancing parties, tea parties, picnics and gossips). But with a close study of the characters and setting, she can portray them with absolute accuracy and suren
8、ess. She depicted the everyday life of the families of bigger or smaller landlords and clergymen, with the interest centered chiefly upon the love and marriage of the young and the not-so-young folk, describing in detail their ordinary conversations, walks, drives, teas, dances, visits, picnics, jou
9、rneys and other common activities. Walter Scott praised her: “That young lady has a talent for describing the involvements and feelings and characters of ordinary life which is to me the most wonderful I ever met with. The big-wow strain I can do myself, like any now going; but the exquisite touch w
10、hich renders ordinary commonplace things and characters interesting from the truth of the description and the sentiment, is denied to me. What a pity such a gifted creature died so early!” Pride and Prejudice was first written in the late1700s, then rewritten in 1811-1812 and finally published in ea
11、rly 1813. Pride and PrejudicePride and Prejudice, originally entitled First Impressions, is the story of a young girl who rejects an offer of marriage because the young nobleman who makes it has been rude to her family. Mr and Mrs Bennet live with their five daughters at Longbourn near London. Becau
12、se they have no son, their property will have to pass, according to the law at that time, to a cousin, William Collins. Hoping to secure their daughters position in society, they both want to marry them to some wealthy gentlemen. It so happens that Charles Bingley, a single man in possession of a go
13、od fortune, comes to settle in the neighborhood with his two sisters and his friend Fitzwilliam Darcy, who is also rich and unmarried. Bingley and Jane fall in love with each other almost at first sight. And Darcy is attracted to Janes sister Elizabeth, but he offends her by his insolent behavior an
14、d rude remarks at a ball. The dislike and repulsion is increased by the pride of the one and the prejudice of the other. However, Darcy continues to be attracted to her, in spite of himself, till he proposes to her but is rejected indignantly. Later on, on a trip to north of England with her uncle a
15、nd aunt, Elizabeth chances to meet Darcy, who receives them very warmly and shows greatly improved manners. Thus pride is checked and prejudice removed. Just at this point, news reaches Elizabeth that her youngest sister Lydia has eloped with Wickham. By Darcys help, their marriage is finally brough
16、t about. And through his influence, the former tie between Bingley and Jane is renewed, which leads to their engagement. Darcy and Elizabeth also become engaged despite the intervention of Lady Catherine de Bourgh. The story then ends happily with the marriages of Jane and Elizabeth. Discussion: Jan
17、e Austens original title for the novel was First Impressions. What role do first impressions play in Pride and Prejudice?The central male character. He is an intelligent, wealthy, extremely handsome and reserved 28-year-old man, who often appears haughty or proud to strangers but possesses an honest
18、 and kind nature underneath. Initially, he considers Elizabeth his social inferior, unworthy of his attention, but he finds that, despite his inclinations, he cannot deny his feelings for Elizabeth. His initial proposal of marriage is rejected because of his pride and Elizabeths prejudice against hi
19、m; however, at the end of the novel, after their relationship has blossomed, he is happily engaged to Elizabeth. Mr. DarcyElizabeth (Lizzy) Bennet is the core of the family. Elizabeth is the second of Mr. and Mrs. Bennets five daughters, and is an intelligent, bold, attractive twenty-year-old when t
20、he story begins. In addition to being her fathers favourite, Elizabeth is characterized as a sensible, yet stubborn, woman. Misled by his cold outward behaviour, Elizabeth originally holds Mr. Darcy in contempt. However, her realization of Darcys essential goodness eventually triumphs over her initi
21、al prejudice against him. Elizabeth BennetMr BennetMrs BennetJane Bennet (22)Elizabeth Bennet (20)Lydia Bennet (15)Mary Bennet (17)Kitty Bennet (16)Chapter OneMr. Bingley comes to Netherfield Park, an estate in the neighborhood where the Bennets live.The excitement in the Bennet family.Mrs. Bennet u
22、rges her husband to call on Mr. Bingley immediately. “ It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.” 凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这已经成了一条举世公认的真理。 Do you agree with the statement? What is the relationship between money and marriage? In this
23、statement, Austen has cleverly done three things:She has declared that the main subject of the novel will be courtship and marriage,She has established the humorous tone of the novel by taking a simple subject to elaborate and to speak intelligently ofShe has prepared the reader for a chase in the n
24、ovel of either a husband in search of a wife, or a women in pursuit of a husband. The first sentenceThe preoccupation with socially advantageous marriage in the 19th century England society manifests itself in the first sentence, because in claiming that a single man in possession of a good fortune
25、must be in want of a wife, the narrator reveals that the reverse is also true: a single woman, especially the one not in possession of a good fortune, must be in ( perhaps desperate ) want of a (wealthy) husband.Rhetorically speaking, the sentence is an irony. There is an ironic difference between t
26、he formal manner of the statement and the ultimate meaning of the sentence.Mr. Bennet is a very amiable and somewhat eccentric man, but he has a bitingly sarcastic humour and can only derive amusement from his nervous wife Mr. Bennetquick-minded, sarcastic, humorous, reserved, capricious.Noisy and f
27、oolish, she is a woman consumed by the desire to see her daughters married and seems to care for nothing else in the world. Austen uses her continually to highlight the necessity of marriage for young women. Mrs. BennetA woman of mean understanding, tittle information, and uncertain temper. IronyIro
28、ny the use of words to express something other than, or opposite of, the literal meaningThree kinds of irony are （1）verbal irony;（2）dramatic irony;（3）situational irony.Pride and Prejudice is a model work of Jane Austens successful employment of irony. Irony plays a decisive part in characterization
29、as well as in plot development.Irony (反讽反讽 )The first sentence reveals that the reverse is also true: a single woman, whose socially prescribed options are quite limited, is in (perhaps desperate) want of a husband.Mr. Bennet counters Mrs. Bennets talk with mildly sarcastic statements, the mocking t
30、one of which Mrs. Bennet completely misses. Irony (反讽反讽 )As in many of Austens other novels, irony is employed in Pride and Prejudice as the lens through which society and human nature are viewed. Through the novel, Austen studies social relationships in the limited society of a country neighbourhoo
31、d and investigates them in detail with an often ironic and humorous eye. Pride and PrejudiceThe themes of the novelWomen, Patriarchy and Property Rights“Entailment” 律(不动产)继承人之限制determined how property would be passed through several generations within a family; usually closest male relativeWomen had
32、 few legal rightsWomen could not own property (they were considered property)Women, Patriarchy and Property RightsDepend on fathers to “give them away” to a lucrative有利的有利的marriageDepend on men for protection and survivalFinding a husband was a necessityTheme of Marriage and FamilyFuture of Bennets
33、daughters depends on successful union with suitable husbandsWomen often forced into marital unions purely out of financial necessityNew ideal of marriage and partnership based on mutual respect and loveFamilys reputation was tied to reputation of each individual memberTheme of Social ClassConflict t
34、hat arises when members of middle class, such as Bennets, mingle socially with members of the upper classes, represented by Mr. Darcy and Mr. Bingley.Austen was critical of the social barrier between middle and upper class (while remaining silent about members of lower class)Elizabeth Bennet breaks class barrier
