《GrammarFocus (2)》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《GrammarFocus (2)（39页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Section ASection ASection ASection AGrammar FocusGrammar FocusGrammar FocusGrammar FocusTranslate the phrases.the secret to language learningmost of the timebe afraid to do sth.hide behindfall in love withbody languageexpressions on ones face 语言学习的秘诀语言学习的秘诀大部分时间大部分时间, 时常时常害怕害怕 / 不敢做某事不敢做某事藏在藏在背后背后爱上
2、爱上 肢体语言；身体语言肢体语言；身体语言 某人的脸部表情某人的脸部表情as wellIts a piece of cake.It serves you right.at firstlook up也；又也；又毫不费力毫不费力; 小菜一碟小菜一碟你活该。你活该。最初；最初； 首先首先查阅；抬头看查阅；抬头看Read these sentences paying attention to the underlined parts. I study by working with a group. Do you learn English by watching videos? Try to gue
3、ss a words meaning by reading the sentences before and after it. You can become better by reading something you enjoy every day.Grammar FocusHow do you learn English?I learn by studying with a group.Do you learn English by reading aloud?Yes, I do. It helps my pronunciation.How can I read faster?You
4、can read faster by reading word groups.How can I improve my pronunciation?One way is by listening to tapes. “介词介词by + 动名词动名词”常常表示手段、方式常常表示手段、方式或方法，可以用来回答或方法，可以用来回答how引导的特殊疑问引导的特殊疑问句。句。- How do you learn English?- I learn English by watching English movies.How do you practice speaking English?By havi
5、ng conversations with friends.How do you learn new words?By making word cards.How do you improve your writing?By writing e-mails to my pen pals.How do you practice listening?By listening to a tape and repeating out aloud.How do you improve your pronunciation?By watching English programs.How do you l
6、earn grammar?By taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot.How do you improve your writing?By writing diaries in English.How often do you write a diary?How do you improve your listening?By listening to radio programmes in English.How often do you listen to radio programmes in English?How do you
7、 keep healthy?By exercising.How often do you exercise?4a Match the questions and answers.1.How do you practice speaking?2.How do you learn new words?3.How do you improve your writing?4.How do you practice listening?5.How do you improve your pronunciation?6.How do you learn grammar?a.By watching Engl
8、ish programs.b.By listening to a tape and repeating out loud.c.By having conversations with friends.d.By taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot.e.By making word cards.f.By writing e-mails to my pen pals.4b Make sentences using the structure “do sth. by doing” with the subjects in the box an
9、d information that is true for you.math physics chemistry Chinese history geographyI usually practice my English by taking notes / reading books and newspapers / speaking English with my classmates / memorizing sentence patterns.I like to learn math by solving new math problems every day.I like to p
10、ractice my physics by doing extra exercises.I like to improve my chemistry by memorizing chemical terms and doing experiments.I like to practice my Chinese by keeping a diary in Chinese.I like to improve my history and geography by watching historical and geographical programs.4c Check what you do t
11、o learn English. Then interview your partner.Do you learn English by doing grammar exercises?Yes, I do.How often do you do them?I learn English byMy partner learnsEnglish by yes nohow oftenyes no how oftendoing grammar exercisestaking notes in Englishreading English books/ magazineskeeping a diary i
12、n Englishusing an English dictionaryA: Do you learn English by ?B: Yes, I do.A: How often do you do them?B: taking notes in Englishreading English books / magazinesA: Do you learn English by ?B: Yes, I do.A: How often do you do them?B: taking notes in Englishusing an English dictionary Lin Lin often
13、 practices English _ chatting with her American friends. A. in B. by C. for D. with【解解析析】选B。句句意意：林林林林经常常通通过和和美美国国朋友聊天朋友聊天练习英英语。我通过向老师求助学习。我通过向老师求助学习。I study by asking the teacher for help.We learn English by _ (make) vocabulary lists making1.我们通过利用太阳的光和热使植物长我们通过利用太阳的光和热使植物长地好。地好。2. 现在人们利用手机来进行交流。现在人
14、们利用手机来进行交流。 Translate the sentences into English.We can make plants grow well by using the light and heat from the sun.Now people communicate with each other by using cell phones.3. Lily通过少吃减肥吗？不，不是的。通过少吃减肥吗？不，不是的。 4. 中国人通过植树来使环境越来越美丽。中国人通过植树来使环境越来越美丽。 Does Lucy lose weight by eating less? No, she d
15、oesnt.Chinese people make the environment more and more beautiful by planting trees. by by 的用法的用法的用法的用法 byby是介词是介词是介词是介词, , 表示表示表示表示“ “通过通过通过通过方法或途径方法或途径方法或途径方法或途径” ”的意思的意思的意思的意思, , 译成译成译成译成“ “靠靠靠靠, , 通过通过通过通过” ”, , 后面可加名词、后面可加名词、后面可加名词、后面可加名词、名词短语或动名词。可用来回答名词短语或动名词。可用来回答名词短语或动名词。可用来回答名词短语或动名词。可用来回答
16、howhow引导引导引导引导的特殊疑问句。的特殊疑问句。的特殊疑问句。的特殊疑问句。 1) The house was destroyed 1) The house was destroyed byby fire. fire. 房屋被火烧毁了。房屋被火烧毁了。房屋被火烧毁了。房屋被火烧毁了。2) travel by air / land / sea 航空（陆路，航海）旅行航空（陆路，航海）旅行3) go by train / boat / bus 乘火车（船，公共汽车）乘火车（船，公共汽车）4) shake sb. by the hand 和某人握手和某人握手5) I study Englis
17、h by watching English movies. 我通过看英文电影学英语。我通过看英文电影学英语。 另外另外, by作为介词的意义有很多。作为介词的意义有很多。 例如例如: 1）在）在旁边，靠近旁边，靠近 There is a power station by the river. 河边有一个电厂。河边有一个电厂。 2）沿着，经由）沿着，经由 to enter by the door 由门进去由门进去 3）由于）由于 by mistake 由于差错；错误地由于差错；错误地 4）被，由）被，由 some articles written by Lu Xun 一些由鲁迅写的文章一些由鲁迅
18、写的文章 5）表示相（乘）除（以计算面积）表示相（乘）除（以计算面积） a room 5m by 4m 一个长五米宽四米的房间一个长五米宽四米的房间 6）逐一；连续）逐一；连续 one by one 一个接一个一个接一个 英汉互译英汉互译I study English by listening to tapes. (通过听录通过听录音带音带) by studying with a group. ( ) by watching English programs on TV. ( ) by taking part in English classes after school. ( )通过小组学习
19、通过小组学习 通过看英文电视节目通过看英文电视节目通过放学后上英语班通过放学后上英语班I study English _(通过读英文通过读英文杂志杂志)._(通过读教科通过读教科书书)._(通过认真做通过认真做家庭作业家庭作业). by reading English magazines by reading the textbookby doing homework carefully用用by的相关短的相关短语完成句子完成句子1. I think the best way to learn English is _ (通通过大声朗大声朗读). 2. He usually goes to wo
20、rk _ (乘地乘地铁). 3. First walk _ (经过银行行旁旁边), and then turn left. by reading aloudby the bankby subway4. Can we sit _ (在窗子旁在窗子旁边)? 5. You must be back home _ (到到十十点点为止止). 6. There are lots of trees _ (沿河沿河). 7. You must do your homework _ （你自己（你自己). 8. English is widely used _ (被被人人们) all over the world
21、. by the windowby ten oclockby the riverby yourselfby people【2011四川德阳四川德阳】2. How do you study for a test? - _ working with friends. A. By B. With C. On【解析解析】本题考查介词本题考查介词by的用法。的用法。by意为意为“通通过过方式方式”；with意为意为“和和在一起在一起”；on意为意为“朝朝,向向”。句意。句意“你是怎么为考试作准你是怎么为考试作准备吗？备吗？”“通过和朋友一起学习。通过和朋友一起学习。”只有只有by具具有有“通过通过方式方
22、式”的意思，故选的意思，故选A。 How do you learn English better? _ watching English movies.(2013，营口，营口) A. By B. With C. In D. From【解析解析】 ：句意：句意“你的英语真得很好，你你的英语真得很好，你是如何学习英语的？是如何学习英语的？”“通过看英语电影通过看英语电影”。介词。介词by表示表示“通过什么方式通过什么方式”，后接，后接动词的动词的ing形式，故选形式，故选A。完成句子。根据括号中所给的汉语或单词完成句子。根据括号中所给的汉语或单词完成下列各句。完成下列各句。 1.Youd better not read a passage by _ (查阅查阅) every new word in the dictionary.2. In the modern world, people often contact (联系联系) each other by _ (send) e-mails. looking upsending
