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1、高考英语高考英语单项选择题单项选择题平阴一中平阴一中 李玉刚李玉刚Mans dearest possession is life, and it is given to him to live but once. He must live so as to feel no torturing regrets for years without purpose, never know the burning shame of a mean and petty past -Ostorovsky人最宝贵的东西是生命。生命属于我们只有一次。一个人的生命应该这样度过:当他回首往事时,他不因虚度年华而悔恨
2、,也不因过去碌碌无为而羞耻。-奥斯特洛夫斯基1.冠词(冠词(4点)点)除复习冠词的基本用法外,其除复习冠词的基本用法外,其“例外例外”用法值得注意。用法值得注意。1).表示表示“某一某一”的意思时,专有的意思时,专有名词及月份、星期的名词前用名词及月份、星期的名词前用a或或an。例如:。例如:OnaSaturdaymorninghegotlostinthemountain.2).a/an+名词名词+修饰性的定语从句或介词修饰性的定语从句或介词短语。例如:短语。例如:Mrs.Taylorhas_8-year-olddaughterwhohas_giftforpaintingshehaswontw
3、onationalprizes.(2005浙江)浙江)A.a;aB.an;theC.an;aD.the;a又如:又如:Forhim_stageisjust_meansofmakingaliving.(2006山东山东)A.a;aB.the;aC.the;theD.a;the3).在句中第一次出现的名词不等于在句中第一次出现的名词不等于不特指,完全看语境的暗示。例如:不特指,完全看语境的暗示。例如:Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover_keyboard.Youshouldntputdrinksnear_computer.(2006北京北京)A.the;不
4、填不填B.the;aC.a;不填不填D.a;a the the stage stage 影员职业影员职业; go on the ; go on the stage stage 从事影艺职业从事影艺职业; on stage ; on stage 在演在演出出4).music、nature、society前通前通常不用冠词,除非特指。例如:常不用冠词,除非特指。例如:Iknowyoudontlike_musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthinkof_musicinthefilmwesawyesterday?(2006全国全国III)A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./
5、;the2. 2. 形容词、副词(形容词、副词(3 3点)点)1).几个形容词作定语的排序问题。几个形容词作定语的排序问题。理论上若干形容词可共同作一个名词的理论上若干形容词可共同作一个名词的定语,其排列顺序是:描绘形容词定语,其排列顺序是:描绘形容词+大小大小(长短高低长短高低)形容词形容词+形状形容词形状形容词+年龄年龄(新旧新旧)形容词形容词+颜色形容词颜色形容词+国籍形容词国籍形容词+材料形容材料形容词词+用途用途(类别类别)形容词形容词+名词。名词。例如:例如:This_girlisLindscousin.(2005北京北京)A.prettylittleSpanishB.Spanis
6、hlittleprettyC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish2).绝不能忽略绝不能忽略less、least及及worse,worst等表示等表示“更少更少”、“最少最少”、“更糟更糟”、“最糟最糟”等概等概念的比较级和最高级的使用。念的比较级和最高级的使用。Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrives_ofmyfriends.(2007上海)上海)A.morecarefullyB.themostcarefullyC.lesscarefullyD.theleastcarefully3).cannottoo无论无论也不过也不过分
7、分/cannotmore再再不过不过了。例如:了。例如:MustIturnoffthegasaftercooking?Ofcourse.Youcanneverbe_carefulwiththat.(2005江西江西)A.enough B.tooC.soD.veryGoforapicnicthisweekend,OK?_.Ilovegettingclosetonature.(2004福建福建)A.IcouldntagreemoreB.ImafraidnotC.IbelievenotD.Idontthinkso 3. 3. 代词代词(2(2点点) )1)指代词指一种情况指代词指一种情况:例如:例如
8、:Idappreciate_ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.(2006山东山东)A.that B.itC.this D.you又如:又如:Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.(NMET1998)A.itB.thatC.theseD.them 2).one、theone都可以作同位语。被都可以作同位语。被说明的名词为特指时,同位语用说明的名词为特指时,同位语用theone,反之则用,反之则用one。例如:。例如:Mymostfamousrelativeofall,_whoreallylefthism
9、arkonAmerica,wasRobSussel,mygreatgrandfather.(2006江苏)江苏)A.one B.theoneC.heD.someone 4. 4. 动词的时态(动词的时态(4 4点)点)1).时间、条件状语从句中的谓语动词时间、条件状语从句中的谓语动词可以用完成时替代将来时。例如:可以用完成时替代将来时。例如:_leaveattheendofthismonth.Idontthinkyoushoulddothatuntil_anotherjob.(2006北京北京)A.Imgoingto;youdfoundB.Imgoingto;youvefoundC.Ill;y
10、oullfindD.Ill;youdfind2). 一般过去时可以与段时间连用。一般过去时可以与段时间连用。例如:例如:I_inLondonformanyyears,butIveneverregrettedmyfinaldecisiontomovebacktoChina.(2006重庆)重庆)A.livedB.waslivingC.havelived D.hadlived3). Itis/wasthefirst/secondtime+完成时。例如:完成时。例如:Doyouknowourtownatall?No,thisisthefirsttimeI_here.(NMET91)A.wasB.ha
11、vebeenC.cameD.amcoming 4).表示思维的动词,如:表示思维的动词,如:think、want、hope、plan、intend、mean、suppose等可以用过去完等可以用过去完成时或一般过去时表示事与愿违的成时或一般过去时表示事与愿违的情况。例如:情况。例如:Ouch!Youhurtme!Iamsorry.ButI_anyharm.I_todrivearatout.(2007江西)江西)A.didntmean;triedB.dontmean;amtryingC.haventmeant;triedD.didntmean;wastrying5. 5. 情态动词(情态动词(2
12、 2点)点)1).表示猜测、推测:表示猜测、推测:must用在肯定句中;用在肯定句中;can,could用在疑问句中;用在疑问句中;may,might,can,could用在肯定句或否定句用在肯定句或否定句中。中。may、might侧重从事实的角度做出猜测,侧重从事实的角度做出猜测,而而can、could则侧重从逻辑角度做出猜测。则侧重从逻辑角度做出猜测。例如:例如:Helen_goonthetripwithus,butsheisntquitesureyet.(2005安徽)安徽)A.shall B.must C.may D.can又如:又如:Ivetakensomeoneelsesgreen
13、sweaterbymistake.It_Harrys.HealwayswearsgreenA.hastobeB.willbeC.mustntbeD.couldbe 2).表示埋怨、责怪:表示埋怨、责怪:should(not)+havedoneought(not)to+havedonecould+havedoneneednt+havedone例如:例如:Mycatsreallyfat.You_havegivenhersomuchfood.(2007浙江)浙江)A.wouldntB.couldntC.shouldntD.mustnt6. 6. 非谓语动词非谓语动词(10(10点点) )1)非谓语动
14、词的基本概念非谓语动词的基本概念:例如:例如:Therehavebeenseveralnewevents_totheprogramforthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.(2006北京北京)A.add B.toaddC.adding D.added 2)英汉结构的差异英汉结构的差异:如:如:Dontsitthere_nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.(2006湖北湖北)A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoing 3).非谓语动词的时间差非谓语动词的时间差todo表示经常、将要或正在进表示经常、将要或正在进行的动作,行的动作,t
15、obedoing强调正在进强调正在进行行,tohavedone则表示已经发生则表示已经发生的动作。的动作。doing表示经常或正在进行的动表示经常或正在进行的动作,作,havingdone表示已经完成的表示已经完成的动作。动作。done表示已经完成的动作。表示已经完成的动作。4)非谓语动词的辩义非谓语动词的辩义:例如:例如:_thiscake,youllneed2eggs,175gsugarand175gflour.(2006广东广东)A.HavingmadeB.MakeC.TomakeD.Making5)非谓语的时间差非谓语的时间差:Afterhebecameconscious,hereme
16、mbered_and_ontheheadwitharod(2006江西江西)A.toattack;hitBtobeattacked;tobehitC.attacking;behitD.havingbeenattacked;hit6).独立主格结构独立主格结构独立主格结构的构成形式;独立主格结构的构成形式;独立主格结构的逻辑主语。独立主格结构的逻辑主语。例如:例如:Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_fortheday.(2007重庆)重庆)A.finishing B.finishedC.hadfinishedD.werefi
17、nished又如:又如:Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork_,hegladlyacceptedit.(2007安徽)安徽)A.finishedB.finishingC.havingfinishedD.wasfinished再如:再如:Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchwork_mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.(2007福建)福建)A.filled B.fillingC.tofill D.beingfilled7).非谓语动词作状语为已
18、知条件,在选非谓语动词作状语为已知条件,在选择句子时,要考虑句子的主语与非谓语择句子时,要考虑句子的主语与非谓语动词的逻辑关系。例如:动词的逻辑关系。例如:Facedwithabillfor$10,000,_.A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn8).下列动词短语中的下列动词短语中的to为介词:为介词:objecttobe/getusedtobededicatedto(专注于)(专注于)bedevotedtoloo
19、kforwardtocontributetopayattentiontobeadjustedto(适应于)(适应于)beadaptedto(适合于)(适合于)getdowntosticktopreferto例如:例如:Isntittimeyougotdownto_thepapers?(2006重庆)重庆)A.mark B.bemarkedC.beingmarkedD.marking9).现在分词、不定式都可以作结果状语现在分词、不定式都可以作结果状语的区别。例如:的区别。例如:Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_thatalltheticketshadbeensol
20、dout.(2006全全国国II)A.totellB.tobetold C.tellingD.told又如:又如:Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs,_thatallchildrenlikethesethings.(2006全国全国III)A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought 10).need/want/require/deserve+doing/tobedone例如:例如:Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinth
21、earea_.(2007陕西)陕西)A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtorepair7.名词性从句与定语从句名词性从句与定语从句的辨析的辨析(4点点)1).what不能引导定语从句。例如:不能引导定语从句。例如:Youcanonlybesureof_youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething_youmightgetinthefuture.(2007安徽)安徽)A.that;what B.what;/C.which;that D./;that2).as、which在引导非限定性定语
22、在引导非限定性定语从句时的异同点。例如:从句时的异同点。例如:Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,_meantspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.(2006江苏)江苏)A.whoB.thatB.C.asD.which3).where可以引导地点状语从句。例如:可以引导地点状语从句。例如:Mom,whatdidyourdoctorsay?Headvisedmetolive_theairisfresher.(2006四川四川)A.inwhe
23、reB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where又如:又如:Ifyouaretraveling_thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown,pleasedoastheRomansdo.(2006天津)天津)A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where 4).当先行词是当先行词是situation、point、case时,定语从句由关系副词时,定语从句由关系副词where引导。引导。例如:例如:Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer_sheneededtodecidewhattodo.(200
24、7江西)江西)A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where又如:又如:Today,welldiscussanumberofcases_beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.(2007陕西)陕西)A.which B.asC.whyD.where8.动词及动词短语辨义动词及动词短语辨义:(江苏卷(江苏卷,2008,2008)31. 31. I Im still m still working on my project.working on my project.Oh, youOh, youll miss the deadline.
25、ll miss the deadline. Time is _.Time is _.A. running outA. running outB. going outB. going outC. giving outC. giving outD. losing outD. losing outKey:A9.介词介词例例: :(北京卷)(北京卷)33. If you really have 33. If you really have to leave during the meeting, to leave during the meeting, youyoud better leave _ t
26、he back d better leave _ the back door.door. A. for A. for B. by B. by C. across C. across D. out D. outKey:B10.连词连词例:( (四川卷四川卷)12. In some places )12. In some places women are expected to earn women are expected to earn money _ men work at home money _ men work at home and raise their children.and
27、raise their children. A. butA. but B. while B. while C. becauseC. because D. though D. thoughKey:B11.交际用语交际用语:例例:(江苏卷(江苏卷,2008)26.Itshouldnttakelongtoclearupafterthepartyifweallvolunteertohelp.Thatsright._.A.ManyhandsmakelightworkB.SomethingisbetterthannothingC.ThemorethemerrierD.Thesoonerbegun,thesoonerdoneKey:A12.句型(句型(9个)个)1.Itisthat/who2.Itisbefore3.Itissince4.Itsthefirst/secondtime5.Itisnotuntilthat6.Itstime7.祈使句祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句述句8.祈使句祈使句+and+陈述句述句9.表示表示“倍数倍数”的常用句型:的常用句型:Aistimesas+原原级+asBAistimes+the+名名词+ofBAistimes+比比较级+thanB