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1、1.When we will start is not clear.2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief.3. My idea is that we should do it right now.4.I had no idea that you were her friend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句I名词性从句的种类名词性从句的种类The news that our team has won the match is true.His delay is due to the
2、 fact that the car broke down halfway.同位语从句同位语从句同同位位语语从从句句一一般般跟跟在在名名词词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, doubt, hope, law, knowledge,opinion, suggestion information, plan, 后后面面, , 用用以以说说明明或或解解释释前前面面的的名名词词的的具具体内容体内容. .2. 2. 在在have no idea 之之后后常常用用wh-引引导导同同位位语语从从句句.I have no id
3、ea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.注注:1. 1.that 引引导导同同位位语语从从句句与与that 引引导导定定语语从从句句的的区区别别: 引引导导同同位位语语从从句句的的that 无无实实际际意意义义, 不不作作从从句句的的任任何何成成分分, 而而引引导导定定语语从从句句的的that 从从句的某个成分句的某个成分.He told me the news that our team won the match.He told me the news that was ve
4、ry exciting.We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our school.We are interested in the news that he told us.语序问题语序问题1.The photographs will show you_（MET89）A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike规规律律一一：名名词词性性从从句句
5、在在句句中中要要用陈述句语序用陈述句语序 在在名名词词性性从从句句中中，关关联联词词在在从从句句之首之首，其它部分，其它部分应用应用_的语序的语序。陈述句陈述句2.Heasked_foraviolin.（MET92）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid规律二规律二：1.从句是从句是陈述句陈述句转化而来的，转化而来的，不缺不缺成分成分，不含有疑问意义不含有疑问意义。由。由that引导且引导且that连连词在从句中不作成分词在从句中不作成分主主语语从从句句,同同谓谓语语从从句句,表表语语从从句句that不不可可以以
6、省省略略,在宾语从句中在宾语从句中that常可省略常可省略Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.Johnsaid(that)hewouldattendthemeeting.ThetroubleisthatIhaveforgottenhername.2.从句是由从句是由一般疑问句一般疑问句转化而来，含有转化而来，含有疑问疑问意义意义, ,不缺成分不缺成分。由。由whether，if 引导引导. .Iworryaboutwhether/ifhecanpasstheexam.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.找出下列句子中的错误，并总结
7、出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.2.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.3.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.4.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.Whetherwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.Itdependsonwhethertheweatheris.Thequestioniswhetherhehimse
8、lfwillbepresent.HeaskedmewhetherIcouldgowithhimornot. 规律三规律三： whetherwhether和和ifif的区别的区别：主语从句只能用主语从句只能用whetherwhether表语从句中只能用表语从句中只能用whetherwhether宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时用宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时用whetherwhether后面跟后面跟or(not)or(not)或或to doto do连用时用连用时用 whetherwhether3.从从句句是是由由特特殊殊疑疑问问句句转转化化而而来来，含含有有疑疑问问意意义义的的,缺缺
9、成成分分的的。由由wh-连连词词或或how引引导导在在从从句句中中作作成成分分。连连接接代代词词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连连接接副副词词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。Who will go makes no difference.That is where he was born.Tell me what he said.特殊情况：特殊情况：1.1.在在seem,appear后后的的表表语语从从句句中中可可接接tha
10、tthat引引导的从句导的从句, , 而而looklook则不可则不可. .2. 2. 这这三三个个词词后后都都可可用用asif/asthough 引引导导从从句句. .Itseems/appearsthathewaslateforthetrainyesterday.Itseems/appears/looksasifwehavetogohomeonfoot.II引导词的选择引导词的选择1._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what2.Itworriedherabit_herhairw
11、asturninggrey.AwhileBthatCifDfor3.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoonAwhenBhowCwhetherDwhy4madetheschoolproudwasmorethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.AWhatbecauseBWhatthatCThatwhatDThatbecause找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Ithinkthatwort
12、hwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesntmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.ititthatwhether规律四规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助下可以借助 “itit” 而后置而后置。1.主语从句可以用主
13、语从句可以用it（作形式主语）（作形式主语）来替换成以来替换成以下几种结构表达。下几种结构表达。(A)Itisclear/certain/likely/true/adj.thatItiscertainthathewillcometoseeme.(B)Itisapity/shame/goodidea/nowonder/n.that.Itisashamethathedidntpasstheexam.（C）Itissaid/reported/believed/known/thought/suggestedthatItissaidthatBrazilwillwinintheWorldCup.（D）It
14、seems/happensthatItseemsthathehasfinishedhishomework.2.宾语从句可以用宾语从句可以用it（作形式宾语）（作形式宾语）来替换的句来替换的句型为：型为：主语谓语主语谓语itadj./n.从句从句如：如：I think it necessary that we have themeetingHewillbelievewhateverotherssay.（不能用（不能用nomatterwhat代替代替whatever）Whateverotherssay,hewillbelieveit.（可以用（可以用nomatterwhat代替代替whatever
15、）规律五规律五：whatever, whichever, whoever, whenever, wherever, whatever, whichever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however however 等与等与 no matter what, no matter which, no matter no matter what, no matter which, no matter who, no matter when, no matter where, no matter how who, no matter when, no matter wh
16、ere, no matter how 的区别的区别: :前者既可以前者既可以引导名词性从句引导名词性从句，也可以引导，也可以引导让步状语从句让步状语从句，而，而 no no matter matter 加疑问词加疑问词只能引导让步状语从句只能引导让步状语从句。 1.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho2. _ much advice I gave him, he did exactlywhathewantedtodo.A.HowB.WhateverC.How
17、everD.Nomatter3.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever另另另另外外外外，在在在在名名名名词词词词性性性性从从从从句句句句的的的的复复复复习习习习过过过过程程程程中中中中，我我我我们们们们还还还还须特别注意以下问题：须特别注意以下问题：须特别注意以下问题：须特别注意以下问题：填填空空:Thereason_wedidnttrusthimis_hehasoftenliedreason后后面面的的表表语语从从句句只只能能用用that引引
18、导导,不不能能用用because引引导导,但但reason后后面面的的定定语语从句可以用从句可以用why或者或者that引导。引导。whythat名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系：1.Hehasdonewhathecantohelpme.-Hehasdone_hecantohelpme.2.WhatIwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.-_Iwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit.allthatAllthat 3.Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished._breaksthelawistobepu
19、nished.4.Hewillgivethedictionarytowhoeverneedsifmost.Hewillgivethedictionaryto_needsitmost.5.Wellrememberwhomeverweturnedtoforhelp.Wellremember_weturnedtoforhelp.Anyonewhoanyonewhoanyone(whom)6.Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo.Theywilldo_hewantsthemtodo.7.Illreadwhicheverbookyougiveme.Illread_ofthe
20、books_yougiveme.anythingthatanythat 巩固练习巩固练习 1.Thequestionis_thefilmisworthseeingAifBwhatCwhetherDhow2.Oneofthemenheldtheview_thebooksaidwasrightAthatwhatBWhatthatCthatDwhether3.Dr.BlackcomesfromeitherOxfordorCambridge,Icantremember_.AwhereBthereCwhichDthat4.Energyis_makesthingsworkAWhatBeverythingC
21、somethingDanything5.Thereason_Ihavetogois_mymotherisillinbedA.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because6.Hedoesntthinkthequestion_theyaremenorwomenisimportantA.whetherB.ifC.whichD.why7.Iaskher_comewithme.A.ifshewill B.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe8._hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether9
22、.Canyoutellme_?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman10.Hedidntknowwhichroom_.A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylivein11.Togetthejobstarted,_Ineedissomemoney.A.onlywhatB.allwhatC.allthatD.onlythat12.Ihavenoidea_fartherailwaystationisfromhere.A.w
23、hat B.how C.itsD.that13.Can you tell me _ the railwaystation?A.howIcangettoB.whatcanIgettoC.whereIcangottoD.wherecanIgetto14.Doyouknow_?A.whatishisnameB.howishisnameC.whathisnameisD.howhisnameis15._youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.That B.WhatC.WhichD.This16.Theyhavenoideaatall_.A.wherehehasgone
24、B.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone17.Theywanttoknow_dotohelpus.A.whatcantheyB.whattheycanC.howtheycanD.howcanthey18.Thesephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatourvillagelookslikeB.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike19.Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.wh
25、ereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput20._the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.Whether D.That21.Go and get your coat. Its _ youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere22._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.What B.ThatC.The
26、factD.Thematter23.IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek. Is that _ you had a few daysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where24.These wild flowers are so special that Iwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever25.Doyouremember_hecame?Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.howB.whenC.thatD.if26._ well go camping tom
27、orrow dependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where27.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever28._ you dont like him is none of mybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.That D.Whether29.You cant imagine _ when theyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywer
28、eexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited30._ caused the accident is still acompletemystery.A.WhatB.That C.How D.Where31.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella._Igotwetthrough.A.ItsthereasonB.ThatswhyC.ThereswhyD.Itshow32.It was a matter of _ would take theposition.A.whoB.whoev
29、erC.whom D.whomever33._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever34.Itwas_hesaid_disappointedme.A.what;thatB.that;thatC.what;whatD.that;what35.Eat_cakeyoulikeandleavetheothersfor_comesinlate.A.any;whoB.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoeverGood-bye!Good-by
30、e!1.误：误：Idontknowifhecomesbackthismonth.2.误：误：IhavenoideawhathadhappenedwhenIwasaway.正：正：Idontknowifhewillcomebackthismonth.正：正：IhavenoideawhathappenedwhenIwasaway.3.误：误：Thereasonisbecauseheisill.4.误：误：Wholeaveslastturnsoffthelight.正：正：Thereasonisthatheisill.正：正：Whoeverleaveslastturnsoffthelight.找出下
31、列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.5.Myideaisthatwemustdoourhomeworkfirst.6.Hisproposalthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.Wesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.Myideaisthatwe(should)doourhomeworkfirst.Hisproposalthatwe(should)gothereonfoot.规律五规律五：注意注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运
32、用虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用！(1)虚拟语气在虚拟语气在宾语从句宾语从句中的运用。中的运用。“wish + wish + 宾语从句宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，表示不能实现的愿望，译为译为“要是要是就好了就好了”等。表示现在不能实等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用用“would/could + would/could + 动词原形动词原形”；表示过去不；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + had
33、+ 过去分词过去分词”或或“could(should) + have + could(should) + have + 过去分词过去分词”。如：如：Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.IwishIhadknowntheanswer.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insistrequest、command、order等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语动词用等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语动词用(should) + (sh
34、ould) + 动词原形或是动词原形。如：动词原形或是动词原形。如：Shesuggestedwe(should)leavehereatonce.Thedoctororderedshe(should)beoperatedon.（2 2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用动词用“（shouldshou
35、ld） + + 动词原形动词原形”。如：。如：Hissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoBeijingiswonderful.Myideaisthatthey(should)pay100dollars.（3 3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should + should + 动词动词原形原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如：如：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)thatwes
36、houldcleantheroomeveryday.Itwasapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)thatyoushouldbesocareless.Itwillbedesired(suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc.)thatsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，thatthat从从句也可用陈述句语气。如：句也可用陈述句语气。如：Itispitythatyoucantswim.
