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1、Enjoy English, Enjoy life!高考英语阅读解题高考英语阅读解题方法指导方法指导猜词技巧猜词技巧难度难度Howdoyoudealwiththeunfamiliarwordsorphraseswhilereading?Ignore them and continue readingLook them up in the dictionaryGuess the meaning 词义理解题常见的题型有词义理解题常见的题型有:1.Theunderlinedword(phrase,term)“”means_.2.Accordingtothepassage,theword“”prope
2、rlymeans_.3.Theword“”inparagraphrefersto_.4.By“”,theauthormeans_.5.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“”?1.He would _ the gold from his grandma.2. Unlike his brother, Hobart is quite _.GuessthemissingwordsHarvey is a thief: he would _ the gold from his grandma and not feel guilty.stealUnlike his
3、 brother, who is truly a handsome person, Hobart is quite _.ordinary-lookingplain/homelyGuessingunknownwords/vocabulary1.Thelionhasits“territory”,whichisanareathatananimal,usuallythemale,claims（声称）asitsown.“territory”means_an area( that-own) 动物地盘动物地盘2.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomethi
4、ng,hewontgiveituphalfway.Theunderlinedwordmeans_.A.strongB.determinedC.kindD.clever定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释技巧归纳技巧归纳1: Use _利用利用_definition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义定义或解释猜测词义Signal words: means, refers to, be called, be known as ,can be defined as, in other words,that is , that is to s
5、ay, 定语从句定语从句.etc.Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots(嫩芽）嫩芽）, or young leaves of trees.The word “pruning” means_A. Regular cutting（修剪）（修剪） of the plantsB. Frequent wateringC. Regular use of chemicalsD. Growing the plants high in the mountain技巧归纳技巧归纳 2 ：Using_ 根据根据_c
6、ommon sense or experience普通常识和经验普通常识和经验技巧归纳3: 利用_ from_2.Theperiodofadolescence,theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybelongorshort.“adolescence”means_The period between childhood and adulthood同义同义/同位语同位语similarity/appositive1.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,existintheU.S.today“ocel
7、ot”means_an endangered wild cat ThelargestplayerShanghaiBashiTourismCarCenteroffersawidevarietyofchoices,suchasdeluxesedans,minivans,stationwagons,coaches.Santanasedansarethebigfavoriteofthetourists.Thewords“deluxesedans,”“minivans”and“stationwagons”usedinthetextreferto_.A.carsinthemakingB.carrental
8、firmsC.carsforrentD.carmakers技巧归纳技巧归纳4: 利用利用_举例举例 from examplesSignal words：for example ，for instance，such as ，like，as-as，etc.技巧归纳技巧归纳5：利用利用_From_1. The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飘）飘） with the wind like feathers.2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go
9、to parties or make new friends. 雪花，雪片雪花，雪片爱交际的爱交际的比较或对比比较或对比 comparison or contrastSignal words: as, like, the same as，unlike, but，however, on the contrary, while,insteadect.技巧归纳技巧归纳6:利用利用_From_(1)Overworkmaycausediseases.over（过分的、过量的）（过分的、过量的）workoverwork“工工作过度作过度”。(2)Therewasadissatisfiedlookinthe
10、managerseyes.dis“不不”+satisfied“满意的满意的=dissatisfied“不不满意的满意的”。构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）Word formation1.Isheintelligentorstupid?2.MostwomeninGhana-theeducatedandilliterate,theurbanandrural,theyoungandold-worktoearnanincomeinadditiontomaintainingtheirrolesashousewivesandmothers.Theirreputation
11、foreconomicindependence,self-reliance,andhardworkiswellknownandwelldeserved.Theunderlinedword“illiterate”inthepassagemeans_.A.RepeatedB.reiterated.CuneducatedD.sickclever技巧归纳技巧归纳7: 利用利用_ From_同义词或反义词的关系猜词。同义词或反义词的关系猜词。 Synonym or Antonym.Ifeelthatsinceyouaremysuperior（上司）（上司）,itwouldbepresumptuousof
12、metotellyouwhattodo.”Theword“presumptuous”isclosestinmeaningto“”.AfullofrespectBrudeandtooconfidentClackinginexperienceDtooshyandquietB技巧归纳技巧归纳8： 利用利用_From _原因与结果关系猜词原因与结果关系猜词fromCauseandResultSignal words: because，since ,so, suchthat,sothat, ect. The official asked the man what his occupation was.
13、The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest技巧归纳技巧归纳9: Use_ 利用利用_workedasanengineer.context or related information上下文的语境上下文的语境More practice.Finish Exx.1 to 10 , then discuss the answers with your group. 猜词技巧猜词技巧Tipsforguessingthemeaningofwords1.利用定义或解释定义或解释2.利
14、用普通常识和经验普通常识和经验3.利用同义同义/同位语同位语4.利用举例举例5.利用比较或对比比较或对比6.利用构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）7.利用同义词或反义词同义词或反义词8.利用原因与结果关系猜词原因与结果关系猜词9.利用上下文的语境上下文的语境1 .A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if th
15、ey dont understand something, they say so.The word “audience” in the paragraph means _.A.students B. people who watch a play C. people who act on the stage D. people who listen to something常识常识 teacher-students 2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛药）止痛药） was brought out recently, researchers found tha
16、t the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective（无效的）（无效的）.The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” means that the colours_A.Attracted the customers stronglyB.Had weak effects on the customersC.Tricked the customers into shoppingD.Cause
17、d the customers to lose interest D因果关系因果关系because 3. Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable heat , the possibility of getting lost , the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes . “hazard” means _A. pleasure, B. problem, C. dang
18、er, D. attractionC举例举例for example 4. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or societyThe underlined phrase “the mos
19、t vocal” means_A.Those who try their best to winB.Those who value competition most highlyC.Those who are against competition most stronglyD.Those who rely on others most for successC上下文语境context or related information 5.Withoutexaminations,employerswilllookforemployeesfromthehighlyrespectedschoolsan
20、dfromfamiliesknowntothemaformoffavoritismwillreplaceequality.Theword“favoritismisusedtodescribethephenomenonthat_.A.brightchildrenalsoneedcertificatestogetsatisfyingjobsB.childrenfromwell-respectedschoolstendtohavegoodjobsC.poorchildrenwithcertificatesarefavoredinjobmarketsD.childrenattendingordinar
21、yschoolsachievegreatsuccess破折号（定义或同位语）破折号（定义或同位语）6 . Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. That is to say, if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. “Object permanence” means that when out of sight, an object _A.Still exists B. keeps its
22、shapeB.C. Still stays solid D. is beyond reachA1.定义definitionthat is to say 也就是说2.构词法permanentpermanence7.Achildsbirthdaypartydoesnthavetobeahassle;instead,itcanbeabasketoffun,accordingtoBethAnaclerio,anEvastonmotheroftwo,ages4and18months.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordhassle“probablymean?A.apartydesigned
23、byspecialistsB.aplanrequiringcarefulthoughtC.asituationcausingdifficultyortroubleD.ademandmadebyguests 比较比较comparison(instead相反相反,反而反而)8. William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together.” The underlined word “mingled” most probably means .Asimple Bmixed
24、Csad DhappyBdefinition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义定义或解释猜测词义9.Thehouselookedquitenormaloutside,butinsideitwasveryexoticwithfascinatingobjectsondisplay.Ashebeganputtingthemintohisbag,agodcameintotheroom.ItstoppedwhenitsawBuster,thenwaggeditstailmadlyandwentovertohim,lickinghisoutstretchedhand.“Goodboy,”B
25、usterwhispered.“Whatagreatguarddogyouare-tryingtolickmetodeath.”Whichofthedefinitionsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“exotic”?AMessyanduntidy.B.Richandexpensive.C.ComfortableandcalmingD.Unusualandforeign. 对比对比contrast normalbut-unusual10.Lionsareopportunists.Theyprefertoeatwithouthavingtodotoomuchwork.Wh
26、enrestingintheshade,theyarealsowatchingtheskytoseewhatisflyingby,andevenintheheatofthedaytheywillsuddenlystartupandrunamileacrosstheplainstofindoutwhatisgoingon.Ifanotheranimalhasmadeakill,theywilldriveitoffandtakethekillforthemselves.Bydescribinglionsas“opportunists”,theauthormeanstosaythatlions_.A
27、.arecruelanimalsB.arecleveranimalsC.Liketotakeadvantageof（利用）（利用）otheranimalsD.Liketotakeeverychancetoeat构词法及下文解释构词法及下文解释opportunity-istOptionalexercises（选做题）11.Hehadbeengettingbetterbutduringthenighthisconditiondeteriorated.Get worse12.The animal with the longevity is the giant land tortoise which
28、can live several hundreds years. 长寿长寿13.Theyarevertebrates,thatis,animalshavebackbones.文中“vertebrates”的意思是_脊椎动物脊椎动物14.Shedidnothearwhatyousaidbecauseshewascompletelyengrossedinherreading.concentrate/focus her attention on15. But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry perio
29、d，or drought.A long period of shortage of rainfall16.Doyouhaveanystrongopiniononco-educationalorsingle-sexschools?co（共同的）（共同的）-education-al 男女同校教育的男女同校教育的 17.Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbswhichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.countryEx2: “The Dave you saw on TV was the real Dave,”
30、 says friend Pat Williams, “He wasnt a great actor or a great speaker. He was just Joe Everybody.” 74. “He was just Joe Everybody.” ( in the last paragraph) means _. A. Dave was famous B. Dave was ordinary C. Dave was showy D. Dave was shy Ex3:Andifyouvegatheredyourfriendsaroundyoutorebuildahappyfam
31、ilyatmosphere(气氛气氛),youmayfearthatsayingnowillbringbackthekindofconflictyougrewupwith-ordestroytheniceatmosphereyounowenjoyTheunderlinedwordconflictmeans_.A.dependentlifeB.fiercefightC.badmannersD.painfulfeelingEx.4:Provideincentive.Tellyourchildrentheimportanceofsaving.“Foreverydollarheorsheagreest
32、osaveandinvestratherthanspend,youagreetoaddanotherdollartothepot,”saysCathyPareto,expertinmoneyplanning.Theunderlinedword“incentive”inthisparagraphmeans_.AHonorB.praiseC.excitementD.encouragementHereisThePines,whosecookhasdevelopedaspecialwayofmixingforeignfoodsuchascaribou,wildboar,andreindeerwiths
33、urprisingsauces.（2004年福建卷）Accordingtothepassage,ThePinesisa.AplaceinwhichyoucanseemanymobilehomesBmountainwhereyoucangetagoodviewofthevalleyCtownwhichhappenstobeneartheBanffNationalParkDrestaurantwhereyoucanaskforsomespecialkindsoffood Ex.5: Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs
34、which was so different from that inside the city. A. town B. capital C. country D. housethecity1.Doyouhaveanystrongopiniononco-educationalorsingle-sexschools?2.Marry Cassatt gave up her social position and all thought of a husband and a family ,which in those times was unthinkable for a young lady.
35、3.Finally , renewable energy sources are used even though they are often expensive to develop.co-education-al 男女同校教育的男女同校教育的 un-think-able 不可思议的不可思议的re-new-able 可更新的可更新的,可再生的可再生的practicePractice1.Mark Twain was not the authors real name; it was a pseudonym.2. But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought.a pen name.A long period of shortage of rainfallThehousestoodattheendofaquietneatstreet.Thelittledwelling,however,lookedneglectedandcheerless.
