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1、大学英语四级大学英语四级写作写作Fang fang四级作文类型四级作文类型l 1现现象分析、问题解决型象分析、问题解决型l 2观观点对比型点对比型l 3道道理论证型理论证型l 4图表文图表文I.On Excessive Packaging 1. 目前很多商品存在过度包装现象 2. 出现这一现象的原因 3. 我对这一现象的看法和建议 No one in China has failed to notice that goods are wrapped（包装）in flaring（华美的，花哨的）boxes or bags. Taking a look around，we can find exa
2、mples with ease：a small computer is packed in a thick and heavy（又厚又重）carton，clothes are putted in a well-designed plastic bags（塑料袋）which printed various kinds of patterns and colors and so on. What are the causes of this problem? On the one hand, in order to earn more economic gains(经济收益), a conside
3、rable number of （很多）manufactures usually wrap their products with unnecessary but appealing(吸引人的)materials aiming at attracting customers attention , arousing their curiosity and then stimulating their purchasing desire （吸引顾客的注意力，引发他们的好奇心并刺激他们的购买欲望）. On the other hand, quite a few customers believe
4、that the more delicate the package seems，the superior the quality will be（包装越精美，产品质量就越好）,the notion has also encouraged the trend of excessive packaging. To change this situation, I think we should take the following measures. First, laws must be made and implemented to impose restriction on （实行限制）e
5、xcessive packaging. Moreover, a public education campaign should be launched to arouse customers consciousness that packaging doesnt isnt equal to quality. Only in this way can we put an end to this trend.问题（现象）、分析原因、给出建议1.No one in China has failed to notice thatTaking a look around，we can find exa
6、mples with ease:2. What are the causes of this problem?On one hand, . On the other hand,etc.3. To change this situation, I think we should take the following measures. 问题解决型作文模板问题解决型作文模板开头段：开头段：1) Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that -. (2)For example, -中间段：中间段：(3)These have caused much
7、harm/ many problems. (4)First of all -. (5) In addition/ Furthermore,- (6) Finally/Lastly/ Last but not least / What is more- 结尾段：结尾段：(7)In a word-. (7) Therefore, it is high time that we take steps to stop -. (8)We should start from trifles around ourselves . (7)As far as I am concerned-. (7) For o
8、ne thing -.For another,-. (7) Therefore, I am sure-.2.Online Shopping1.指出现象:现在网上购物已成为一种时尚 2.说明利弊：网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题 3.提出建议 With the help of the rapid development of internet technology, online shopping is coming into fashion in most of cities. It is beyond doubt(毫无疑问)that Internet shopping enjoys(享有)
9、a host of virtues(许多优点许多优点). From the perspective of (从从.的角度看的角度看）consumer(消费者), it can save some time for people who dont have much spare time. Just click the mouse, they can get whatever they want while staying at home. For the retailers(零售商), it can cut some costs(减少一些成本减少一些成本) for those who dont
10、 have much circulating funds(流动资金). They dont have to rent a house and spend money on employees(雇员) compared with the traditional trade mode(贸易方式贸易方式). Despite the various strengths (优点优点)of Internet-based shopping,the dark sides(阴暗面，不好的一面阴暗面，不好的一面) of it also exist,however.Take some concrete(具具体的体的
11、) examples. First, lack of face to face deal(面对面交易面对面交易) makes online shopping less reliable and trustworthy. Second, people will lose the fun of bargaining(讨价还价讨价还价). It is undeniable that（不可否认） shopping on the internet has become an irresistible（不可阻不可阻挡挡的的） trend in modern society. Its of great ur
12、gency that (.迫在眉睫迫在眉睫)we need to regulate(规规定定) the relative laws accordance with(根据根据) the rapid growth of online shopping. Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience of online shopping without the concern of being cheated.利利弊问题总结段模板弊问题总结段模板 From my own perspective, the benefits ofo
13、nline shopping outweigh(大于）its disadvantages. Simply put(简单地说), we are supposed to(应该) capitalize on(利用)its merits(优点)to serve our purposes（满足我们的需要） and do all in our power (尽我们的力量) to minimize（降低） its adverse impacts（不利影响） on us meanwhile(同时）. 2013年年6月英语四级作文月英语四级作文图画作文图画作文图画作文写作思路图画作文写作思路：描述图片、阐明观点
14、、给出建议第一段：描述图片第二段：阐明观点第三段：总结观点，给出建议图画作文：大学生在校从商,创业,好不好?是学业重要,还是社会经历重要? Being faced with various and complicated requirements of employment market, some students begin to question the significance of learning basic knowledge and skills, just as what is exposed in the cartoon above. However, it is abso
15、lutely wrong to hold that idea. Owing to the fact that we are living in a competitive society, the development of our society demands that we arm ourselves with basic skills and up-to-date knowledge so as to keep up with the pace of our society. An investigation shows that millions of people spend t
16、ime and energy grasping skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market or enhance their opportunities. While focusing on creativity, innovation, management and leadership skills, we should never forget the fundamental importance of the more basic, essential skills。 It
17、 is universally known that opportunity is important, but you could do nothing with it if you are not equipped with competitive forces, such basic reading and calculating skills, to seize it.The Importance of Learning Basic SkillsWhat we can see fromthe cartoon is that the teacher is instructing the
18、students some basicmathematic skills. However, some students are wondering that if it will beoutdated in the future. The picture implicitly raises the question of theimportance of the fundamental skills us students learn in our classes。It is worth mentioning that those seemingly basic and elementary
19、 skills we learned inschool actually play a significantly indispensable role in our future works.The pervasive undervaluation on elementary skills that we find among currentstudents and even some teachers can largely be attributed to their lack ofvision of future and thorough understanding on the kn
20、owledge.After all, its an obvious truth that we could not build a magnificent mansion without solid foundations; we could not enjoy a long travel unless we make asolid start at first. Those basic skills may look simple to learn, but without them it will not be simple at all to achieve further goals.
21、To sum up, we shouldthink highly of the importance of basic and fundamental skills that guaranteeour wonderful and brilliant future. Furthermore, we should make full use ofthose elementary skills, consciously applying them in our works and life. Basicskill will never be outdated。图画作文： 一屋不扫何以扫天下 1.We
22、 can see clearly from the cartoon there is a father talking with her son. Having heard his sons words that “ Dad, I am a bit worried about disposing of nuclear weapon.” The father replies that “ If you can empty the dustbin here, you can do anything”.1.Talking in the cartoon are two man, who are a b
23、oy and his father. The boy is worried about the expectable impacts（） the disposal of the nuclear waste may cause,（） while his father is telling him that（） what matters now should be emptying the dustbin in front of them.2.It is the profound implication beneath the surface of this simple and sarcasti
24、c drawing that（） ought to be taken into account: one who can cope with small tasks first can then undertake something big. （）Taking a look around, we can easily find some students（） dreaming of their brilliant future but unwilling to attend classes or to do homework, some netizens worrying about the
25、 fate of our nation but refusing to better themselves first, some officials claiming their determinations in making our society a better place but being reluctant to give up parts of their own interests.2.Such phenomena collectively reflect the fact that some modern citizens, especially a number of
26、young people, lack the spirit of think big, down to earth. This can be chiefly due to the fact() that these people are so lazy and blind that they are only in want of a fruitful outcome but never make any efforts. As a famous saying goes, you reap what you sow. Those who wants to fly but forget the
27、power of the gravity will be sure to fall down on the ground and hurt badly as a result.3. According, I suppose it is imperative for us young people to understand that() all that matters to us now should be to better ourselves. Not only are we supposed to learn knowledge and to enhance our abilities
28、, we also need to take seriously the assignments confronting us. I believe only after each of us manages to strengthen himself or herself will the problems ()worrying us now be settled in the days() to come.The Importance of Reading Literature As is humorously portrayed in the cartoon, a teacher is
29、handing a classic literature book to astudent, asking the student to “just read it as if youare reading a long text message.” Obviously, the symbolic meaning of this picture is to show us the importance of reading literature.It should be generally acknowledged that classic literature plays a signifi
30、cant role not only in preserving the essence of great minds but also in enhancing the qualityof ones life. To begin with, literature as the collection of great minds will help us enormously broaden our horizons, experiencing things we wont have the chance to do as well as lives we wont be able to en
31、joy.What is more, those fine stories selected and conveyed by the great author, although happened in the past, still carry some useful information and implication for our daily lives.In addition, the beautiful words and sentences flowing in the pages of excellent literature can greatly ease our tire
32、dness, making us feel easy and quiet.Therefore, we ought to fully realize the importance of reading literature. Just as the teacher in the picture puts, reading literature should be as easy and common as reading text messages. Facing the coming challenges in the days ahead, we need to equip us with
33、not only science but also literature by which we can beautify our life and the world.一、什么是图表作文 图表作文就是对统计表（tables）、曲线坐标图表（line graphs）、饼状图表（pie charts）和条状图表（bar graphs）等提供的一组或几组数据用恰当、准确的文字进行描述、转化为文字信息，因而体裁上属于说明文性质。但从另外一个角度来讲，图表作文通常不仅仅是单纯地说明图中表明的事实，它还要求考生在对图表中相关数据进行仔细说明、分析、比较的基础上，归纳出数据的增减变量，从而总结出图表所反映
34、的主题、意向、趋势和潜在含义，继而从中推导出合乎逻辑的结论和看法。只有这样才能够说明观点、阐明道理，为分析研究这一图表画上圆满的句号。从这一点上看，图表作文不单是说明性质的文章，而是说明文说明文体和议论文体并存的一种题型体和议论文体并存的一种题型。图表作文一般可分为三个自然段：第一段说明该图表反映的概况，选择能充分说明主题的典型数据进行概述。第二段对数据进行仔细的分析比较，归纳出增减速率，找出产生变化的原因。第三段对数据的变化进行评论或得出应有的结论表格分类与时态运用：表格分类与时态运用： 表格可分为两类，即有时间参照和没时间参照的（with or without a time referen
35、ce）表格。在描述没有时间参照的表格时，常用一般现在时； 有时间参照的，如果参照的时间在过去，要用一般过去时， 如果叙述的是经常出现的情况，则要用一般现在时。例1 1991年6月四级作文题 Changes in Peoples Diet.1.state the changes in peoples diet (饮食) in the past five years;2.give possible reasons for the changes3. draw your own conclusions.4. you should quote as few figures as possible.Ki
36、nd 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Grain 49% 47% 46.5% 45% 45% Milk 10% 11% 11% 12% 13% Meat 17% 20% 22.5% 23% 21% Fruit and Vegetable 24% 22% 20% 20% 21% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% Sample 1From the chart we can see that during the past five years there have been great changes in peoples diet. The grea
37、test change occurs in grain consumption, which has dropped 4% from 49% in 1986 to 45% in 1990 in total food consumption. The second greatest change is in milk consumption, which increased from 10% in 1986 to 13% in 1990.But on the other hand, two trends can be observed in the consumption of meat and
38、 fruit and vegetables. From 1986 to 1989, meat consumption increased from 17% to 23% while that of fruit and vegetables dropped from 24% to 20%. From 1989 to 1990, meat consumption dropped a little to 21%, while that of fruit and vegetables increased a little to 21%.What has caused the great changes
39、 in peoples diet? The main reason, I think, lies in the improvement in peoples income level. With the development of our society, people are becoming richer and richer, which enables them to purchase more nutritious food such as meat and milk. In the meantime, grain consumption in peoples diet conse
40、quently dropped.So from the analysis, we can draw a conclusion that our society is progressing and people are living a better life than ever before. We are now able to purchase more delicious and nutritious food, resulting in an improvement.Sample 2As can be seen in the table, there have been great
41、changes in peoples diet in the past five years. Grain used to be the Chinese main food, but now it is playing a less important role in peoples diet, while the consumption of some high energy foods, such as milk and meat, has increased steadily.What caused these changes? I think the reasons are as fo
42、llows: First, the open policy brings the people opportunities to earn a lot of money. Second, people nowadays pay more attention to the structure of their diet. They are seeking the most reasonable diet structure, which will do good to their health.From the above, we can see that ,with the developme
43、nt of the country, the level of the Chinese peoples life has changed in the past five years. Im sure there will be greater changes in the future. 注：soar to/ boom/ shoot up/ rocket/ jump 飞速上升 climb 上升很慢 shrink 下降，缩水文章开头常用词汇1.图表类型：table 表格; chart 图表; diagram图表或图解，示意图; graph图表, 曲线图; column/ bar chart柱状
44、图; pie graph饼图 2. 描述：show; describe; illustrate; can be seen from; clear; appear; reveal 显示; represent表现, 描绘 3.内容：figure数字; statistics 用作复 统计数字资料；number; percentage; proportion (the of A to B)表示数据 上升：increase, rise, ascend, soar, surge（激增）, go up, climb, mount, level up 下降: decrease, fall, drop, des
45、cend, decline, reduce ,lessen, level down 平稳: stable, steady, remain steady/stable; /maintain/keep/be the same as/similar to ; little/hardly any /no change波动: fluctuate, fluctuation, rise and fall, up and down 占: occupy， take up， account for 而: while, however, whereas , on the other hand 相比: by/in c
46、ontrast, on the contrary, likewise, compared with 最高点: the highest, the top, the summit, the peak 最低点: bottom, least, rock bottom最低点例句：Prices have hit rock bottom. （价格已达最低水平。）平均值: average 趋势: tendency, trend, inclination 预见: prediction one in three, 1/3 one out of every four， 1/4 有一个稳定的过程: a stable
47、period can be seen 常用词和短语 significant changes 图中一些较大变化 noticeable trend 明显趋势 during the same period 在同一时期 distribute 分布，区别 unequally 不相等地 pronounced 明显的,显著的 corresponding adj. 相应的 represent vt. 阐述，表现 overall 总体上讲 in the case of 在的情况下 in/by contrast 相反，大不相同 in conclusion adv. 最后，总之 in comparison 相比之下
48、 inversely/reversely adv. 相反地，倒转地 in general 通常，大体上，一般而言range fromto 从到不等excessive adj. 过多的，过分的，额外 lower v.降低，跌落 elapse vi. （时间）过去，消逝 category n.种类 government policy 政府政策 market forces 市场规律 measure n.尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，调节 forecast n.先见，预见 v. 预见英语图表写作套句精选1.the table shows the changes in the number ofover
49、the period fromto该表格描述了在年之年间数量的变化。2.the bar chart illustrates that该柱状图展示了3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding 该图为我们提供了有关有趣数据。4.from the diagram，we can see great changes have taken place in从图中可以看出，发生了巨大变化。6.over the period fromtotheremained level.在至期间，基本不变。7. the graphs show a threefo
50、ld increase in the number of该图表表明的数目增长了三倍。常用句型与例句句型1：As is shown by the graph/in the table（概述图表时用）例句：As is shown by the graph, there has been a rapid increase in the population of the country in the past five years. （正如曲线所示，最近5年来该国人口飞速增长。）句型2：It can be seen from the table that （从图表中能得出结论） 例句A：From t
51、he statistics given in the table it can be seen that the average personal income of the Chinese people increased (grew/rose) rapidly from 1985 to 1990. （从表中所给的统计数字可以看出，从1985年到1990年中国的人均收入迅速提高。）例句B：It can be concluded from the graph that there has been a great decline in birth rates in China in the p
52、ast five years. （从曲线图可以得出结论，最近5年来中国人口的出生率已经大大下降。句型3： amount to （数量总计） add up to come to sum up to 例句：All the expenses (costs) amount to (= add up to) $ 200. （全部费用合计200美元。）句型4： increase from to （数量增减） decrease ;rise ;fall ;drop 例句A. The number of color TV sets produced by the factory increased (rose
53、, grew , climbed) from 5000 in 1986 to 21000 in 1990. （这个工厂生产的彩电已由1986年的5000台增加到1990年的21000台。）例句B. The number of participants grew up to 300000 persons.（参加者的人数增加到30万。）例句C. The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased to 700 persons. （这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人。）句型5：（be）three times as +
54、形容词 + as 总产量 total output 年产量the annual output of 上升17 rise by 17percent 日产量 the daily output 导致产量下降 result in a diminished output 例句The grain production (= output)in our area now is three times as great as that of 1970. （ 现在我们地区的粮食产量相当于1970年的3倍。）句型6：Compared with , 例句Compared with that of last year
55、, the output of 13 main products (= items) this year has increased to a great extent. （与去年相比，今年13项主要产品的产量都有大幅度增长。）句型7：There is (was) a rapid rise in be on the rise on the increase sudden decrease on the decline steady decline gradual fall slow drop slight 例句The cotton output in this area has increas
56、ed rapidly in the past few years. 最近几年来这个地区的棉花产量有了迅速增长。Homework Difference of Income Sources between Chinese and American StudentsIncome SourcesAmerican studentsChinese studentsParents50%90%Part-time job35%5%Scholarship15%5%1. Describe the differences of the income sources between Chinese and Americ
57、an students.2. Analyze possible reasons for these differences.3. Predicate future tendency. Sample1Income sources of Chinese students are quite different from those of American students. In China, students get 90% of their money from their parents while in America, only 50% of students money is prov
58、ided by parents. In addition, Chinese students earn only 5% of their money from part-time jobs and 5% from fellowship or scholarship while income from these two resources for American students takes up 35% and 15% respectively of their total income. I think there are probably four reasons for such d
59、ifferences. To begin with, because of the influence of different social and family values, Chinese students have formed the habit of asking for money from their parents while American students have developed more sense of being financially independent. Secondly, most Chinese parents devote too much
60、care to their children and they would rather save up to afford their childrens education rather than encourage them to take part-time jobs. But in America, many parents pay more attention to developing the students ability of self-reliance, so they encourage their children to find part-time jobs to
61、earn some money by themselves. Moreover, since America is more developed than China, it is relatively easy for students to find part-time jobs. In China, such opportunities are rather rare. Last but not least, we have to admit that in Chinese schools, not much fellowship or scholarship is provided f
62、or students.I believe with the development of China, an increasing number of Chinese students will realize and pay more attention to the necessity of self-dependence. In addition, more and more opportunities will be provided for them to take part-time jobs. As a result, more students will go out of
63、the ivory tower to broaden their horizon and to become masters of their own life.模拟练习题How People Spent Their HolidaysYear200020052010Traveling 37%51%76%Staying at home63%49%24%1. 上图所示为2000、2005、2010年某城市人们度假方式的情况，请描述其变化：2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因。3. 得出结论。模板一 总的趋势 图表具体描述 剖析图表所揭示的含义 理由一 理由二 理由三 理由四 总结 前景预测As can
64、be seen from the table, the past decade has witnessed dramatic changes in_. While _. It is obvious from the table that_.What contributed to these changes? I think the reasons are as follows. To start with, _. Secondly, _ . Whats more, _. Last but not lease, _.In conclusion, _. Moreover, _.SampleHow
65、People Spent Their Holidays As can be seen from the table, the past decade has witnessed dramatic changes in the way people spent their holiday between 1990 and 2000. In 1990, 63% of people spent their holidays at home, while the figure dropped considerably to 24% in 2000. It is obvious from the tab
66、le that people tended to be more and more mobile, and they wanted to get entertainment in the outside world.What contributed to these changes? I think the reasons are as follows. To start with, with the rapid development of economy, people earn by far more money than they used to. Thus, people are a
67、ble to afford traveling expenses. Secondly, people think it important to get well-informed about the outside world in this new era when everything is on the move. Traveling, of course, is a sure way to achieve this goal. Whats more, in this competitive society, people are usually under great stress.
68、 However, it is not difficult to find traveling an effective way to relieve peoples stress and get relaxation. Last but not least, by traveling outside, people are close to nature, which is not only beneficial to both their health and peace of mind. In conclusion, people prefer to go traveling rather than stay at home during holidays for a combination of reasons. Moreover, it seems that this trend will last in the foreseeable future.
