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1、赵赵 兴兴 中中Email：Tel: 87642784第三代太阳能电池一，为什么要研究太阳能电池二，太阳能电池发展概述三， 第三代太阳能电池研究提纲为什么要研究太阳能电池？太阳能是地球上大多数能源的终极来源化石燃料终将枯竭，环境污染日益严重Energy-crisis is comingGreen-house effect is deterioratingRenewable, cheaper, environment friendly energy is in highlyDemanding !为什么要研究太阳能电池？PV: A Thriving Global Industry and Mark
2、ets太阳能电池是微电子科学和技术研究中永远的朝阳方向太阳能电池研究是基础科学与工程技术研究的主要会聚中心太阳能电池研究在可持续发展的社会中具有重要的市场和应用前景二，太阳能电池发展概述1876 Photovoltage Observed in Solid (Se)1954 First Practical Solar Cell (c-Si; eff = 6%)1960s Used for space applications to power satellites1970s Started to be used for terrestrial applicationsA: 玻璃盖板 B: 抗反
3、射涂层C: 接触网 D：N型硅E：P型硅 F: 背部接触面第一代、第二代太阳能电池第一代、第二代太阳能电池光伏电池其他化合物电池单晶硅电池(sc-Si)多晶硅电池(mc-Si)非晶硅电池(a-Si)晶体硅电池薄膜电池90%10%铜铟镓硒（CIGS）硫化隔（Cds）硒铟铜（CuInSe）蹄化隔（CdTe）砷化镓（CaAs）Performance Performance of of photovoltaic photovoltaic & & photoelectrochemicalphotoelectrochemical solar cellssolar cellsNautre 414, 338,
4、 2001太阳能电池发展瓶颈太阳能电池发展瓶颈The bottle neck for using solar cell Three factors influence the application of Solar Cell:(1) 效率, (2) 稳定性, (3) 成本成本染料敏化纳米晶太阳能电池成本仅为常规电池的1/8 至 1/10！三， 第三代太阳能电池染料敏化纳米晶 太阳能电池研究国家基金委杰出青年基金，国家科技部纳米研究重大专项和863项目支持 Co-worker: Dr. HAN, Hongwei; Dr. WU Shujuan Dr. ZHANG, Jin; Dr. Yang
5、Ying; Dr. Zou Conghua1, Background2, (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 electrolyte DSSCDSSC3, PEO/P(VDF-HFP)/ Nanoparticle electrolyte DSSCDSSC4, 4, TiO2 modification by magnetron sputtering 5, Summary三， 第三代太阳能电池研究Schematic of DSSCComparing with sol-gel, TiO2 film by reactive DC magnetron sputtering shows better dura
6、bility, high photocatalytic activity, and favorable homogeneity. Ref: Surface and Coatings Technology 151, 51, 2002StructureDye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)Liquid-State Solid-StateKey issue of DSSCs is The Stability of ElectrolyteBasic problems needed to overcome:1.High recombination rate at the T
7、iO2 / HC interface2.Low conductivity of the solid state electrolytes3. 4. Ref: J. Phys. Chem, B. 20031.Introducing nanoparticle to PEO for Li+ batteries Ref: Nature, Vol. 394, 1998 2. Applied in DSSC with PEO/nano-TiO2 Ref: Nano Letters, Vol. 2, 20023. Filled with fumed silica nanoparticles in PEO R
8、ef: Chem. Commun., Vol. 14, 2004 Possible avenue：Improve the PEO/nanoparticle system to further increase ionic conductivity and reduce recombination rateDSC WithDSC WithPVDFPVDF2.1, (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 electrolyte for DSSCIonic conductivity of polymer redox electrolyte hybrid with TiO2 nanoparticles as
9、a function of PEO/PVDF ratio at RTPhotocurrent density-voltage characteristics of solar cell using BP-0:10, BP-4:6 and BP-10:0 blend polymer redox electrolyte. Insert Figure, Photocurrent action spectrum of solar cell using BP-4:6 blend polymer redox electrolyte. HW Han et al., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2
10、005, 15, 1940-1944Water and ethanol modified (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 electrolyte, highest energy conversion efficiency is 5.8%2.2, Stability of 2.2, Stability of (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 electrolyteWater and ethanol addition enhanced stability of DSSC! Y. Yang et al. / J. Power Sources 185 (2008) 14921498; Nanotech.
11、 20 (2009) 1052042, Stability of 2, Stability of (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 electrolyte DSSCDSSC3, 3, PEO/P(VDF-HFP)/Nanoparticle electrolyte DSSCDSSCConductive carbon nanoparticles hybrid PEO/P(VDF-HFP)/SiO2 NPJ. Zhang et al. / Solid State Ionics 178 (2007) 15951601Efficiency 4.27% at 5% carbon NP End-functio
12、nal silicone coupling agent modified PEO/P(VDF-HFP)/SiO2 NPJ Zhang et al, Nanotechnology 18 (2007) 295606, 19 (2008) 2452023, 3, PEO/P(VDF-HFP)/Nanoparticle electrolyte DSSCDSSC4, TiO2 modification by magnetron sputtering Al2O3 coated TiO2 electrodes enhance DSSCS. Wu et al. / Journal of Power Sourc
13、es 182 (2008) 1191234, TiO2 modification by magnetron sputtering MgO-coated TiO2 electrodesSJ Wu et al., Nanotechnology 19 (2008) 215704 ZnO-coated TiO2 electrodeSJ Wu et al, Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, 122106 20084, TiO2 modification by magnetron sputtering SummarySummary1, Adding PVDF into PEO/nanopart
14、icles electrolyte increased the ionic conductivity and efficiency of DSSC2, Water and ethanol addition enhanced ionic conductivity, efficiency and stability of (PEO/PVDF)/TiO2 NP electrolyte 3, End-functional silicone coupling agent enhanced PEO/ P(VDF-HFP)/SiO2 NP electrolyte4, Magnetron sputtering oxides could depress the recombination rate at TiO2/Dye(elctrolytes) interfaces
