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1、一、词类一、词类:一、词类:一、词类:这里强调一点:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用这里强调一点:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is1)名词复数如何加后缀(各种不同情况变化)名词复数如何加后缀(各种不同情况变化)A.一般情况直接加一般情况直接加-sbook-booksbag-bagscat-catsbed-bedsB.以以s.x.sh.ch结尾加结尾加-es:bus-busesbox-boxesbrush-brusheswatch-watchespeachpeachesglassglassesC.以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾变结尾变y为为i,再加再加-esfamily-familie
2、sstudystudiesD.以以“f或或fe”结尾变结尾变f或或fe为为v,再加,再加-esknife-knivesE.不规则名词复数不规则名词复数man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenpolicewoman-policewomenmouse-micefoot-feetchild-childrenfish-fishChinese-Chinese练习练习写出下列各词的复数写出下列各词的复数I_him_this_her_watch_child_photo_diary_day_foot_book_dress_tooth_sheep_box_strawberry_
3、thief_yo-yo_peach_sandwich_man_woman_paper_juice_water_milk_rice_tea_ 2.2.人称代词人称代词第三人称第三人称第二人称第二人称第一人称第一人称I , we 主格主格you he, she ,it ,theyme , us you him , herIt them宾格宾格3.3.形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词I you she he it they we主格:My your her his its their our形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词:1.This is mother.2.Nice to meet . 3. n
4、ame is Mark.4. Whats name?1.5. Excuse 6. Are Miss Li?7. am Ben.8. is my sister.9. Fine , thank .10. How old is exercises4.4.指示代词指示代词指近处指远处单数指近处指远处单数this(这个)(这个)that(那个)(那个)复数复数these(这些)(这些)those(那些)(那些)5.5.冠词有冠词有a a、anan、thethe。a a和和anan的区别:的区别:an用于元音用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母音素(一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u)前,)前,a用于辅音音素前
5、。用于辅音音素前。6.6.形容词和副词的比较级形容词和副词的比较级一、形容词的比较级一、形容词的比较级1.形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较。比较级前面可以用级前面可以用more,alittle来修饰表示程度。来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。用主格(口语中可用宾格)。2.形容词加形容词加er的规则:一般在词尾加的规则:一般在词尾加er;以字母;以字母e结尾,加结尾,加r;3.以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾
6、的辅音字母,以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加再加er;“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾,先把结尾,先把y变变i,再加,再加er。4.不规则形容词比较级:不规则形容词比较级:good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful二、副词的比较级二、副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)(1)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后(2)副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化:well-better, far-farther)练习根据句意填入单词的正确形式
7、:根据句意填入单词的正确形式:1.Mybrotheristwoyears_(old)thanme.2.Tomisas_(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister_(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4.Whois_(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5.Whosepencil-boxis_(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys.7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class. 8._ Nancy sing
8、 _ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _. 9.Fangfang is not as _ (tall) as the other girls. 10.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she). 11.Which is _(heavy), the elephant or the pig? 12.Who gets up _(early), Tim or Tom? 二、否定句二、否定句be动词(动词(am、is、are)+not、情态动词情态动词can+not、助动词(助动词(do、does)+not如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句:如何将一个肯定的陈述
9、句改为否定句:1.看句中有无看句中有无be动词,如有,直接在动词,如有,直接在be动词后动词后+not。2.看句中有无情态动词,如有,直接在情态动词后看句中有无情态动词,如有,直接在情态动词后+not。3.如上述二者都没有,就应用助动词如上述二者都没有,就应用助动词+not。三、一般疑问句 (1)肯定)肯定陈述句中本来是没有助述句中本来是没有助动词的,要加上去,的,要加上去,位置在主位置在主语(某人或某物)后,(某人或某物)后,动词前。前。(2)确定助)确定助动词用用do、does,根据句中,根据句中动词,动词是原形的助是原形的助动词就用就用do,动词是第三人称是第三人称单数的助数的助动词就用
10、就用does,(3)在助)在助动词后加后加not。(4)原句中)原句中动词假如假如发生生变化就要恢复成原形。化就要恢复成原形。强调一点,有一点,有some的要考的要考虑是否要用是否要用any。常用疑问词常用疑问词:Whattime什么时间什么时间问具体时间,如几点问具体时间,如几点Who谁问人谁问人Whose谁的问主人谁的问主人Where在哪里问地点在哪里问地点What什么问东西、事物什么问东西、事物Whatcolour什么颜色问颜色什么颜色问颜色Howold多大年纪问年纪多大年纪问年纪Howmany多少数量(可数名词)问数量多少数量(可数名词)问数量Howmuch多少钱;多少数量(不可数名词
11、)多少钱;多少数量(不可数名词)问多少钱或数量(不可数)问多少钱或数量(不可数)五五 时态(一):一般现在时时态(一):一般现在时用法用法:经常性的和习惯性的动作经常性的和习惯性的动作常用时间状语常用时间状语 : usually,sometimes,inusually,sometimes,inspring,everyday,inthemorningspring,everyday,inthemorning动词构成动词构成 :动词原型:动词原型:动词原型:动词原型.work.work动词动词动词动词+S.+S.(主语是第三人称单数)(主语是第三人称单数)(主语是第三人称单数)(主语是第三人称单数)
12、worksworks 否定构成否定构成:dont+动原动原doesnt+动原动原一般疑问构成及简答一般疑问构成及简答:Do+主语主语+动原动原+其它?其它?Yes,Ido.Does+主语主语+动原动原+其它?其它?No,hedoesnt.特殊疑问举例特殊疑问举例:1.WhatdoyouoftendoonSundays?2.Wheredoeshelive?1.1. She _ (go) to school at She _ (go) to school at eight oeight oclock.clock.2.2. It Its six os six oclock. They are clo
13、ck. They are _ supper. (eat)_ supper. (eat)3.3. He usually _ up at He usually _ up at 17:00.(get )17:00.(get )4.4. She _ (live) in Beijing. She _ (live) in Beijing.5.5. Sally _ (be) here just now. Sally _ (be) here just now. ( (刚才刚才) )6.6. _ (be) there a fly ( _ (be) there a fly (苍蝇苍蝇) on the ) on t
14、he table just now?table just now?7.7. They are _ (dig) a hole ( They are _ (dig) a hole (洞洞).).8.8. My father _ (mend) his My father _ (mend) his model(model(模型模型) plane these days) plane these days用法:说话时正在进行的动作或当用法:说话时正在进行的动作或当前前一段时间正在进行的动作一段时间正在进行的动作常用时间状语常用时间状语:now,thesedays动词构成动词构成:am/is/are+现在分
15、词现在分词(-ing)am/is/areworking否定构成否定构成:am/is/are+not+现在分词现在分词Forexample:Tomisplayingfootballontheplayground.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Look!Thechildren_(swim)intheriver.2.Nowwe_(want)toplaybasketball.3.-_you_(draw)apicture?-No,Imnot.I_(write)aletter.4Whatareyou_(do)now?I_(eat)bread.5.Itsnineoclo
16、ck.Myfather_(work)intheoffice.一般疑问构成及简答一般疑问构成及简答:Am/Is/Are+主语主语+现在分词现在分词+其它?其它?Yes,Iam(heis.)/No,theyarent特殊疑问举例:特殊疑问举例:Whatareyoudoingnow?Whoisflyingakitethere?6.Look,theboy_(put)therubbishintothebin.7._he_(clean)theclassroom?No,heisnt.He_(play).8.WhereisMark?He_(run)onthegrass.9.Listen,who_(sing)i
17、nthemusicroom?Oh,10.Look!LiPingandLiYing_(play)basketballnow.用法:过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语:yesterday,last night,two days ago, in 2000,at that time,before liberation,when 等引导的含 过去时的句子。动词构成:动词过去时(-ed) worked work否定构成:didnt+动原 didnt work 一般疑问构成及简答举例:Did+主语+动原+其它? Yes,主语+did./No, 主语+didnt. 一般疑问构成及简答举例:Did+主
18、语+动原+其它? We went to the cinema yesterday. Did you go to the cinema yesterday ?特殊疑问句举例:What did he do yesterday? When did he get up this morning? 备注:He opened the door.(不能确定门现在是否开着)练习w一、一、 用用bebe动词的适当形式填空动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4
19、. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofayesterday evening. 二、 句型转换1.Itwasexciting.否定句:否定句:_一般一般疑问句:疑问句:_肯、否定回答:肯、否定回答:_2.Allthestudentswerevery
20、excited.否定句:否定句:_一般一般疑问句:疑问句:_肯、否定回答:肯、否定回答:_用法:将来会出现或发生的动作用法:将来会出现或发生的动作常用时间状语:常用时间状语:thisevening,tomorrow,nextmonth,inafewminutes,attheendofthisterm动词构成动词构成:1.will/shall+动原动原2.am/is/aregoingto+动词原型动词原型3.sm/is/are(about)+动词不定式动词不定式4.am/is/are+coming等现在分词等现在分词否定构成:否定构成:will/shallnotdo/am/is/arenotgo
21、ingtodo特殊疑问句举例特殊疑问句举例:Whatwillyoudotomorrow?Whenarewegoingtohaveaclassmeeting?备注:在备注:在if条件或条件或assoonas等时间状语从句中用一般等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。现在时代替一般将来时。IwillwritetoyouassoonasIarrivedinBeijing.练习填空。填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I_haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛下个星期一你打算去干嘛?
22、我想去打篮球。我想去打篮球。What_nextMonday?I_playbasketball.What_youdonextMonday?I_playbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。_yourmother_goshoppingthis_?Yes,she_.She_buysomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。你们打算什么时候见面。六下复习资料-单词归类 动物物类:ant蚂蚁fish鱼goose鹅sheep羊horse马hen母鸡lamb小羊goat山羊cow母牛d#111nkey驴cat猫rabbit兔子
23、pig猪duck鸭dog狗kangaroo袋鼠lion狮子snake蛇tiger虎zebra斑马fox狐狸deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿elephant象mouse老鼠ox牛dragon龙seal海豹sperm whale抹香鲸squid鱿鱼shark鲨鱼衣服衣服类:jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫skirt裙子dress连衣裙T-shirt短袖jeans 牛仔裤pants长裤socks袜子shoes鞋子shorts短裤sneakers胶底鞋slippers拖鞋sandals凉鞋boots靴子vest背心交通工具交通工具:car小汽车jeep吉普车taxi出租车bus公共汽车bike自行车bo
24、at 小船plane飞机train火车ship轮船subway地铁天气:天气:Warm暖和cold 寒冷cool凉爽hot 炎热rainy 雨天snowy 雪天windy刮风天cloudy 多云sunny 晴天蔬菜蔬菜类:tomato西红柿potato马铃薯onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜mutton羊肉cabbage卷心菜pork猪肉eggplant茄子green beans扁豆tofu豆腐cucumber黄瓜颜色色类:red红色blue蓝色brown棕色orange橙色yellow黄色white白色green绿色pink粉红色black黑色grey灰色purple紫色人物人物类: boy
25、男孩girl 女孩man 男人woman 女人baby 婴儿children 儿童cousin 堂兄弟uncle 舅舅aunt 阿姨Father爸爸mother 妈妈grandmother 奶奶grandfather 爷爷sister 姐妹brother 兄弟son 儿子职业类:fammer 农夫assistant 服务员baseball player 棒球手driver 司机doctor医生nurse 护士actor演员teacher 教师人体人体:hair头发ear耳朵nose 鼻子mouth 嘴巴tooth 牙齿face 脸arm 手臂body 身体leg 腿finger手指head 头
26、foot 脚knee膝盖neck 脖子toe 脚趾水果水果类:apple苹果banana 香蕉pear 梨orange 橘子watermelon 西瓜peach 桃子strawberry 草莓grape 葡萄lemon柠檬mango 芒果食物食物类: (吃的,喝的)(吃的,喝的)egg 鸡蛋ice 冰ice-cream 冰淇淋fish 鱼noodles 面条beef 牛肉vegetable 蔬菜soup 汤bread 面包milk 牛奶water 水chicken 鸡肉coffee咖啡juice果汁tea茶数字数字类:基数基数词:One 一two二three 三four四five 五six 六
27、seven 七eight 八nine 九ten 十eleven十一twelve十二fifteen十五sixteen十六seventeen 十七eighteen 十八nineteen十九twenty二十twenty-one 二十一thirty-one三十一four-one 四十一fifty-one 五十一sixty-one 六十一seven-one 七十一eighty-one 八十一ninty-one九十一hundred 一百序数序数词:first (1st) second (2nd) third (3rd)fourth (4th) fifth (5th) sixth (6th) seventh
28、 (7th) eighth (8th) ninth (9th) tenth (10th)eleventh (11th) twelfth(12th) thirteenth (13th) fourteen (14th) fifteenth (15th) sixteenth (16th) seventeen (17th) eighteenth (18th) nineteenth (19th) twentieth (20th)课程程类:English class 英语课Chinese class 语文课math class数学课P.E. class 体育课art class 美术课computer c
29、lass 电脑课science class 自然课music class 音乐课Moral Education 思品课Social Studies 社会课礼貌用礼貌用语:Good morning!早上好Good afternoon!下午好Hello!你好Hi!嗨Bye-bye!再见Nice to meet you !Sorry !对不起Please !请Thank you !谢谢Thats OK!没关系How are you ! 你好! 国家国家类:USA 美国CAN 加拿大UK 英国PRC 中国电器器类:TV 电视phone电话fridge 电冰箱形容形容词:big 大的small 小的ch
30、eap 便宜的expensive 贵的long 长的short 短的fat胖的thin瘦的old 老的young 年青的sweet 甜sour 酸salty 咸pretty可爱的colourful 多彩的fresh 新鲜的beautiful漂亮的new 新的strong 强壮的quiet 安静的Cute 漂亮的lovely 可爱的tall 高的funny 有趣的kind 慈祥的strict 严格的smart 机灵的active 活跃的tasty 美味物品物品:Computer电脑picture 图画fan 电风扇light 灯board 黑板window 窗户door 门floor 地板cla
31、ssroom 教室bed 床sofa 沙发shelf 书架table 桌子chair 椅子knife 小刀chopsticks筷子spoon 调羹plate 盘子fork叉子key 钥匙toy玩具umbrella雨伞violin小提琴piano钢琴curtain 窗帘trash bin 垃圾筒closet 衣橱mirror 镜子bag 书包pencil 铅笔pen 钢笔book 书ruler尺子pencil-case 铅笔盒walkman 随身听lamp 灯crayon蜡笔动作作:Fly 飞sing 唱歌cook 做饭angry 生气play 玩耍draw 画jump 跳watch 看open
32、 打开guess 猜taste 品尝send 发送walk 走swim 游泳run跑sleep 睡fight 打架swing 荡秋千drink 喝count 数数write 写catch 捉clean 大扫read 读see 看listen 听eat 吃run 跑visit 参观happy高兴angry生气bored 厌烦tired 累sad 伤心excited 激动dance 跳舞climb 爬learn 学go 去study 学习方位介方位介词:in 在什么里面on 在什么上面under在什么下面behind 在什么后面near 在什么旁边over 在什么正上方in front of 在什
33、么前面房房间:teachers desk 讲台wall 墙壁playground 操场garden 花园teachers office教师办公室library 图书馆canteen 餐厅art room 美术室camputer room 电脑室washroom 洗手间music room 音乐室gym 体育馆Troom 电视房study 书房bedroom 卧室living room 客厅kitchen 厨房疑疑问词:疑问词是疑问代词“who, whom, what,which, whose”和疑问副词“when, where, how, why ”。when什么时候whose谁的where在
34、哪里which哪一个why为什么who谁what什么what time什么时间what colour 什么颜色what about怎么样what day星期几what date什么日期what for为何目的how怎么样how old多大how many多少how much多少how about怎么样how far多远月份月份:January(Jan.)一月;February(Feb.)二月;March(Mar.)三月;April(Apr.)四月;May五月;June(六月;July七月;August(Aug.)八月;September(Sept.)九月;October(Oct.)十月;November(Nov.)十一月;December(Dec.)十二月星期星期:Monday Mon.星期一Tuesday Tue. 星期二Wednesday Wed.星期三Thursday Thu. 星期四Friday Fri. 星期五Saturday Sat.星期六Sunday Sun.星期天(日)单词汇总Book8SummaryofLessons1-6