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1、分词有关用法现在分词与过去分词区别：现在分词与过去分词区别：区别现在分词现在分词 ( )过去分词过去分词 ( )主动、主动、正在进行正在进行被动、被动、已经完成已经完成a film 动人的电影动人的电影 a mother 受感动的妈妈受感动的妈妈(主动)(被动)a leaf 一片飘落的树叶a leaf 一片落叶 (正在进行)(已经完成)movingmoved1.move2. fallfalling fallen她现在好累她现在好累. .这工作累人这工作累人. .She is very .The work is .tiredtiring这就是那只吓人的老虎这就是那只吓人的老虎.这就是受了惊吓的女
2、孩这就是受了惊吓的女孩. （ frighten）This is the tiger.This is the girl.frighteningfrightened Can you translate? spoken English ；( ) iced beer ( )；cooked food ( ); fried chips ( );一、动词一、动词-ed形式作定语形式作定语 表示何种意义表示何种意义?英语口语英语口语冰冻啤酒冰冻啤酒熟食熟食炸土豆条炸土豆条Think about:前置的过去分词作用相当于前置的过去分词作用相当于? 但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示
3、表示“完成完成”的动作的动作, 而不表示而不表示“被动被动”意义。如意义。如: boiled water(开水开水); fallen leaves(落叶落叶) the risen sun(升起的太阳升起的太阳)等。等。 1. The tall man is a returned student 高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。 2. My parents are both retired teachers 我的父母都是退休教师。我的父母都是退休教师。zxxk (1)前置定语前置定语 单个的动词单个的动词-ed形式形式,一般放在被修饰一般放在被修饰的名词的前面的名词的
4、前面, 作前置定语。作前置定语。 The excited people rushed into building. 激动的人们冲进大楼。激动的人们冲进大楼。 (=the people who were excited) Lost time can never be found again 虚度的时光虚度的时光, 无法挽回。无法挽回。 (=time which is lost) (2)后置定语后置定语 单个动词的单个动词的-ed形式形式, 如如left等等, 只能只能作后置定语。作后置定语。 1. Everything used should be marked 所有用过的东西应该做好标记。所有
5、用过的东西应该做好标记。 2. Among the people invited were some ladies 被邀请的人中被邀请的人中, 有些是女士。有些是女士。 3. The books left are for my students 剩下的书是给我的学生的。剩下的书是给我的学生的。 动词动词-ed形式短语作定语时，通常要放在形式短语作定语时，通常要放在被修饰的名词的后面，在意思上相当于一个被修饰的名词的后面，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。定语从句。 1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗今晚有什么活动吗? (=that h
6、as been planned for tonight) 2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success 这次会议有很多人出席这次会议有很多人出席, 开得很成功。开得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people) 1)Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa. A.invited B. to invite C.being invited D. had been invited 2) The first text
7、books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B.to be written C. being written D. written3) The Olympic games, in 776 BC, didnt include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing4) Prices
8、of daily foods through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buyingzxxk 5) Mr. Smith,_ of the speech, started to read a _ novel. A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring 过去分词作表语并无过去分词作表语并无“完成完成”或或“被动被动”之意，之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情
9、等而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：。如：He looked worried after reading the letter看完信后看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。他显得很忧虑。When we heard of it, we were deeply moved当我们听到这件事时当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。被深深地感动了。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea 听到这个想法听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。他似乎很高兴。 二、动词二、动词-ed形式作形式作表语表语 常见的作表语的过去分词有常见的作表语的过去分词有:amused(愉快的愉快的)； brok
10、en(碎了的碎了的)；closed(关闭的关闭的)； astonished(吃惊的吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的拥挤的)； experienced(有经验的有经验的); delighted(高兴的高兴的)； lost(丢失的丢失的)；gone(遗失的遗失的)； disappointed(失望的失望的)；worried(担忧的担忧的)； interested(感兴趣的感兴趣的) tired(疲劳的疲劳的) pleased(高兴的高兴的)；satisfied(满意的满意的)； surprised(吃惊的吃惊的); married(已婚的已婚的)； known(著名的著名的) 等等等等 作表语的作
11、表语的-ed形式可被形式可被much, very, quite等所等所修饰。修饰。 I was very pleased at the news 听了这消息我很高兴。听了这消息我很高兴。 He grew much tired of the work 他十分厌倦这工作。他十分厌倦这工作。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听了这想法他似乎很高兴。听了这想法他似乎很高兴。 1)Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
12、2) As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 过去分词过去分词作宾补作宾补I found our school changed a lot.I want to get my h
13、air cut tomorrow.动作已经完成。动作已经完成。被动被动.红色字体作什么语法成分？红色字体作什么语法成分？.表示？表示？.表示？表示？三、动词三、动词-ed形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语 1.1.表表“希望，要求希望，要求”的动词以如下结构出现：的动词以如下结构出现： want, wish, expect, like, orderOur headteacher ordered the classroom clean.2.2.表表“感觉，心理状态感觉，心理状态”的动词：的动词：see, hear, feel watch, notice, findWe heard Class6 p
14、raise(表扬表扬) by the headmaster yesterday.People found the water in Oujiang River polluting.I want the homework hand by Friday.下列兰色句中划线部分单词用得对吗？如果不对请改正。下列兰色句中划线部分单词用得对吗？如果不对请改正。handedcleanedpraisedpolluted+sth. donesth (to be) done3.使役动词使役动词make, get, have, keep +sth. doneI want to get my cell phone t
15、o repair tomorrow.4.介词短语作宾补介词短语作宾补 with, without + sth. done.Do you know the teacher with his hair cutting short?They left without their homework finish.finishedcutrepaired1) - Good morning. Can I help you? - Id like to have this package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighe
16、d2) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong again. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repairedSummary:1.1.分词作前置定语相当于形容词分词作前置定语相当于形容词,作后作后置定语可变为定语从句置定语可变为定语从句.2.2.作表语表示主语的状态或思想感情作表语表示主语的状态或思想感情.3.3.作宾补分四类作宾补分四类:1):感觉和心理状态感觉和心理状态 2)使役动词使役动词3)表示希望、要求、
17、表示希望、要求、命命 令等动词令等动词4) “with+宾语宾语+宾补宾补”过去分词做状语过去分词做状语Warming up What clauses do you know?1.When it rains, Ill go to school by bus.时间状语从句时间状语从句2.As the day was fine, they decided to go on a trip.原因状语从句原因状语从句3.If I go to the Great Wall tomorrow, would you like to come along?条件条件 状状 语语从句从句4.Although the
18、y did heavy work that day, they were all in high spirits.让步状让步状 语语从句从句 A.现在分词作状语学与练现在分词作状语学与练 把划线部分改写成分词短语把划线部分改写成分词短语并说明其功能并说明其功能 1.1.When they saw their teacher, the students stood up. Seeing their teacher, the students stood up. *现在分词动作的发出者是现在分词动作的发出者是( )句子主语句子主语2018613 1.2.After they had finishe
19、d their homework, they went home.Having finished their homework, they went home.2.Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school.Being ill, he couldnt go to school.* *现在分词短语现在分词短语 作原因状语作原因状语3.If you work harder at English, you will make greater progress.Working harder at English, you will make greater
20、progress.* *现在分词短语现在分词短语 作条件状语作条件状语4.Although they felt very tired，they kept running.*Feeling very tired, they kept running. 现在分词短语现在分词短语 作让步状语作让步状语5.The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句并列句)*The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking. * *现在分词短语现在分词短语
21、 作伴随或方式状语作伴随或方式状语*Laughing and talking, the children came into the classroom.把下列划线部分改写成分词短语把下列划线部分改写成分词短语, 并并说明其功能说明其功能B.过去分词作状语学与练过去分词作状语学与练1.When she was asked why she did it, she began to cry.*Asked why she did it, she began to cry.*从句的动词用的是被动语态从句的动词用的是被动语态2.Because he was moved by her words, he
22、decided to help the poor boy. *Moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *过去分词短语作原因状语过去分词短语作原因状语3.If I am given more time, Ill catch up with you.*Given more time, Ill catch up with you.*过去分词短语作条件状语过去分词短语作条件状语4.Although they had been defeated many times， they continued to fight.*Defeated m
23、any times, they continued to fight. =Although defeated many times, they continued to fight.*过去分词短语作让步状语过去分词短语作让步状语*为使状语含义更加明确，有时在过去分为使状语含义更加明确，有时在过去分词前可加上适当连词词前可加上适当连词*Once used, the car will never be sold again. (once “一旦一旦”) =Once it is used, the car will never be sold again.*When heated, water tu
24、rns into steam. =When water is heated, water turns into steam.六.分词短语作状语须注意的问题:练习练习: 判断正误并改正判断正误并改正1.Standing at the top of the hill, we can see Shiyan Town.() *现在分词所表示的动作由句子的主语发出现在分词所表示的动作由句子的主语发出2.Seen from the top of the hill, we can see Binggu Town.()*Seen from the top of the hill, Binggu Town ca
25、n be seen clearly.*过去分词表示的动作由句子的主语过去分词表示的动作由句子的主语承受承受5.The teacher came into the classroom, following by six students. ()The teacher came into the classroom, followed by six students. *过去分词的动作由主语过去分词的动作由主语承受承受,而现在而现在分词的动作有主语分词的动作有主语发出发出.6.Although laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.()=A
26、lthough he was laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.Seen from the space, the earth looks blue. When the earth is seen from space, the earth looks blue.二、探究与体验：二、探究与体验： 请观察下列各组句子之间的变化请观察下列各组句子之间的变化关系，并学会模仿。关系，并学会模仿。表示表示原因原因表示表示伴随情况伴随情况表示表示让步让步Deeply moved, the children began to cry.As they
27、 were deeply moved, the children began to cry.She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.She walked out of the house, and she was followed by her little daughter.Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the sec
28、ret.Observe1. Seen from space, the earth looks like a big blue ball. 2. Moved by the film, he started crying.3. Heated, water changes into steam.4. Defeated again, he didnt lose heart. 5. The professor went into the courtyard, followed by his wife.When it isBecause he wasIf it is Although he wasand
29、he wasadverbial 状语时间状语时间状语原因原因条件条件让步让步伴随状语伴随状语(When it is) seen from space, the earth looks like a big blue ball. (Because he was) moved by the film, he started crying. (If it is) heated, water changes into steam. (Although he was) defeated again, he didnt lose heart. The professor went into the cou
30、rtyard, (and he was) followed by his wife.时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状语条件状语条件状语让步状语让步状语伴随状语伴随状语-ed分词（短语）作状语时，分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词也可在其前面加上连词_等，以便明确作何种状语。等，以便明确作何种状语。when, if, once, though, unlessWhen it is seen from space, the earth looks like a big blue ball. Because he was moved by the film, he started crying. If it is heated, water changes into steam. When seen from space, the earth looks like a big blue ballBecause moved by the film, he started cryingIf heated, water changes into steam
