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1、9Unit 3 Language in use Beijing is a huge city. It takes an hour to get there by bus.Thats almost one fifth of the worlds population.That makes over 131.4 million births a year.Language practice 1. Work in pairs. Match the countries with their populations. 1 China a) 4,437,0002 the USA b) 22,956,000
2、3 Australia c) 314,791,0004 New Zealand d) 1,370,537,000When you see a table or a chart, look carefully at the labels and graphs to make sure that you understand what they are showing. Look at the chart below. What is it comparing? What can you conclude?2. Read your answers to Activity 1 to the whol
3、e class.China has a population ofNow listen and check.3. Read the chart and answer the questions.1 Which city had the largest population in 2000?2 Which citys population will increase the most from 2000 to 2025?Tokyo had the largest population in 2000.Mumbais population will increase the most from 2
4、000 to 2025. 3 Which city will have a larger increase in its population, New York or Mexico City?4 Which city / cities do you think will have the biggest population problem? Why?Mexico city.I think Mumbai will have the biggest population problem because its population will increasethe fastest.4 Comp
5、lete the passage with a, an or the where necessary. Mina is (1) _eighteen-year-old girl. She has got (2) _brother and (3) _sister. Mina is (4) _ oldest child in (5) _ family. She lives in (6)_very big city. She has (7) _job in (8) _hotel. She hopes that one day she will have (9)_chance to go to (10)
6、 _college.aanathetheaaaa/5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box. few good much small1 We believe the schools in Arnwick are very good, and we are working to make them even_ .2 Their flat is too large for two people. They want to find a _one.3 Anna always talks about h
7、er ideas. I think she needs to listen _.4 There are a lot of parks in this city. I think there are _parks in a lot of other cities.bettersmallermorefewer6 Complete the diagram showing population problems. Use the words in the box to help you.air city country hospital increase public service traffic
8、waterProblems of ArnwickProblems: Population_People arrive in _the cityincreasesPeople move from_the countrysideEnvironmental problemsExample:_ _ _ _Health problemsExample:_Problems for the governmentExamples:_air pollutionwater pollutiontoo much trafficrubbishnot enough hospitalsneed more schools a
9、nd busesneed better public servicesneed more police to protect people7 Complete the passage with the words in the box. countryside pollution population space trafficOur world is facing many problems. Two of the biggest are increasing population and pollution. The (1) _of the world is increasing quic
10、kly. Why is this happening? Because more babies are born every year and populationpeople also live longer. Many people are leaving the(2) _ to work in the cities, but there is not enough (3) _forso many people. Another huge problem for the world is (4)_. There is so much (5) _on the roads that in so
11、me cities the air is heavily polluted. We must work harder to protect our world.countrysidespacepollutiontrafficall over the world closed down in the future it takes not any more8 Complete the sentences with the expressions in the box.1 Growing population is a problem_ _.2 The population of China ma
12、y grow more slowly . 3 The supermarket when a bigger one opened in the town.all overthe worldin the futureclosed down4 Usually an hour to get there by bus.5 The town had a lot of population in the past but it is a problem .it takesnot any more9 Listen and choose the best summary.a)It is cheaper to s
13、hare a car than to have a b) personal car.b) People in a car club do not often take buses, trains or the underground.c) There are no car clubs in the US.d) Joining car clubs is good for you and for the city.10 Listen again and choose the correct answer.1 Joining a car club is cheaper / more expensiv
14、e than having a personal car.2 People in car clubs pay for / do not pay for a car when they drive.3 People in car clubs sometimes / never take a bus or ride a bike.4 People in car clubs probably are / are not healthier.11 Work in pairs and discuss this question.Do you think car clubs would be popula
15、r in China? Why / Why not?In my opinion, car clubs World population and water With more and more people in the world, more and more water is used. In fact, water use is growing more than twice as fast as the worlds population! As a result, getting good, clean water is becoming a problem in many plac
16、es. A lot of water is polluted and in many areas people have to walk a long way to get clean for daily use. More than 3.4 million people die each year from drinking and washing with polluted water. So lets do everything we can to stop the pollution and save water.12 Work in groups. Prepare to make y
17、our graph. Choose a country or town which interests you. It could be your hometown.Decide the time you want to look at for example, now, ten years ago and ten years from now.Research the population of your place in those years. Write your notes carefully.Module task: making a graph13 Make your graph
18、.Decide how you want to make your graph.Draw it and colour it. You can also make it on the computer.Label it clearly.14 Write a paragraph to describe your graph. Then Present your graph to the class.Pair workBeijing is a huge city. 北京是一个大都市。北京是一个大都市。 huge 在在这这里表示里表示“大，巨大大，巨大”。另外表示。另外表示“大大”的的还还有有“ bi
19、g, tall, vast, large, great” 等。等。 说说人、人、动动物、物、树树木等木等有生命有生命的的东东西，主要西，主要 用用tall不用不用high例如例如 a tall woman 一个高个子一个高个子妇妇女女 a tall horse 一个高大的一个高大的马马 Language points说说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时时，要用，要用 high，而不用，而不用tall。比如人站在桌子上。比如人站在桌子上时时， 飞飞机机飞飞上天上天时时。例如。例如 He is high up in the tree. 他高高地爬在他高高地爬在树树上。上。
20、 The plane is so high in the sky. 飞飞机在空中机在空中这这么高。么高。 指建筑物、山指建筑物、山时时要要tall或或high都可以，不都可以，不过过 high的程度比的程度比tall高。高。 high可作副可作副词词，tall不能。不能。 tall的反的反义词为义词为short, high的反的反义词为义词为low。e.g. Our factory is a big/large one. 我我们们的工厂很大。的工厂很大。（1）在表示）在表示物体重量、人的身高大或物体重量、人的身高大或长长大了大了时时， 只能用只能用big。 e.g. The box is to
21、o big to carry. 这这个盒子太大，拿不了。个盒子太大，拿不了。（2）在表示数量）在表示数量时时，用，用large, 不用不用big。 e.g. A large number of people came from all parts of the country to see the exhibition. 从全国各地来了很多人从全国各地来了很多人观观看展看展览览。big 和和large都可表示具体事物形体或面都可表示具体事物形体或面积积的大的大小小, 往往可以互往往可以互换换但但big较较口口语语化。化。E.g. There have been many great presi
22、dents in American history. 美国美国历历史上有很多史上有很多伟伟大的大的总统总统。 在表示抽象意思在表示抽象意思时时, 有也可用有也可用big, 但但great更更为为正式。正式。e.g. Great/Big changes have taken place in our country in recent years. 近几年来近几年来我我们们国家国家发发生了很大生了很大变变化。化。great 的意思是的意思是“大、大、伟伟大的大的”多用于抽象意多用于抽象意思。思。在修在修饰饰具体事物具体事物时时带带有一定的感情色彩。有一定的感情色彩。vast常用来指常用来指“广袤
23、无垠的广袤无垠的”、“面面积积广广阔阔的的”。e.g. a vast forest, a vast sea, a vast desert, vast darkness等。等。huge指巨大的指巨大的往往指体往往指体积积。e.g. a huge stone, a huge building等。等。 Exercises 用用a, an, /, the 完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1. _ Knowledge is power.2. I earn 10 dollars _ hour as _ supermarket cashier on Saturdays. 3. The teacher asked
24、 us to write _ 800-word-long composition.4. I met _ Jay, but not _ one you know./an aan a the5. They are twins, so they are of _ age.6. He has _ fine collection of paintings.7. I dont want to have words with you. I prefer to have _ word with you.a a a Have words with sb. 与某人吵架与某人吵架Have a word with s
25、b. 与某人谈话与某人谈话 1. Beijing has got population of more than 13.8 million. A. the B. a C. an D./ 2. The _ traffic stopped me from going to school on time yesterday. I was late! A. heavyB. crowded C. fast D. quick选择题选择题BA3. Mrs. White isnt feeling well these days. She has made _ with the doctor at three
26、this afternoon. A. a movement B. an interview C. a quarrel D. an appointment4. I dont like those big cities which have got _ people and _ traffic. A. too much; too many B. many too; too much C. too many; too much D. too many; much too DC5. _ Tims help, I found my pet dog in the end. I should say tha
27、nks to him. A. Along with B. Without C. Thanks to D. Because CHomework Make a graph and share with your classmates.Recite all the words and phrases of this unit.婴儿潮（婴儿潮（baby boombaby boom），指的是在某一时期及特定地区，出），指的是在某一时期及特定地区，出生率大幅度提升的现象。历史上有记载的几次婴儿潮，通常生率大幅度提升的现象。历史上有记载的几次婴儿潮，通常是起因於有振奋人心的因素，像是农作物丰收、打赢战争及是
28、起因於有振奋人心的因素，像是农作物丰收、打赢战争及赢得体育竞赛等。但也有因为迷信的因素。在英文，形容婴赢得体育竞赛等。但也有因为迷信的因素。在英文，形容婴儿潮时期出生的人为儿潮时期出生的人为 baby boomerbaby boomer。 婴儿潮（婴儿潮（baby boombaby boom）这个词的首次出现，主要是指这个词的首次出现，主要是指美国美国第二次世界大战后的第二次世界大战后的“46644664”现象现象-从从19461946年至年至19641964年，这年，这1818年间婴儿潮人口高年间婴儿潮人口高达达78007800万人。在世界上大多数国家均有此现象。在万人。在世界上大多数国家均
29、有此现象。在日本日本，称，称呼此时期出生的人为呼此时期出生的人为“团块世代团块世代”団块世代団块世代 。新中国成。新中国成立后共出现过三次婴儿潮，值得注意的是：目前人口众多的立后共出现过三次婴儿潮，值得注意的是：目前人口众多的“8080后后”一代也已长大，陆续成家立业。在一代也已长大，陆续成家立业。在2121世纪的前世纪的前1515年，年，中国将迎来新一轮的中国将迎来新一轮的“婴儿潮婴儿潮”。以此类推，每次。以此类推，每次“婴儿潮婴儿潮”平均都会有平均都会有20-3020-30年的周期。年的周期。 撒哈拉沙漠撒哈拉沙漠(英文名为：英文名为：Sahara Desert)世界上阳光最多的地方，也是
30、世界上最大和自世界上阳光最多的地方，也是世界上最大和自然条件最为严酷的沙漠。然条件最为严酷的沙漠。 撒哈拉沙漠是世界最大的沙漠，几乎占满非洲北部全部。东西约长撒哈拉沙漠是世界最大的沙漠，几乎占满非洲北部全部。东西约长4,800公里公里(3,000哩哩)，南北在，南北在1,3001,900公里公里(8001,200哩哩)之间，总面积约之间，总面积约8,600,000平方公里平方公里(3,320,000平方哩平方哩)。撒哈拉沙漠西濒大西洋，北临阿特拉斯山脉和地中海，东为红海，。撒哈拉沙漠西濒大西洋，北临阿特拉斯山脉和地中海，东为红海，南为萨赫勒一个半沙漠乾草原的过渡区。南为萨赫勒一个半沙漠乾草原的
31、过渡区。撒哈拉沙漠是世界上除撒哈拉沙漠是世界上除南极洲南极洲之外最大的之外最大的荒漠荒漠，位于，位于非洲非洲北部，气候条件极其恶劣，北部，气候条件极其恶劣，是地球上最不适合生物生长的地方之一。是地球上最不适合生物生长的地方之一。阿拉伯语阿拉伯语撒哈拉意即撒哈拉意即“大荒漠大荒漠”。 1.世界最寒冷之极世界最寒冷之极 南极洲的年平均气温在南极洲的年平均气温在28，大陆内部的年平均气温在，大陆内部的年平均气温在4060，最低气温达最低气温达89.6 2.暴风雪最强之地暴风雪最强之地 南极沿海地区的年平均风速为南极沿海地区的年平均风速为1718米米/秒，阵风可达秒，阵风可达4050米米/秒。最大风秒
32、。最大风速达到速达到100米米/秒，被喻为秒，被喻为“世界的风极世界的风极”，“风暴杀手风暴杀手”。 3.最干旱的大陆最干旱的大陆 南极大陆的年平均降水量为南极大陆的年平均降水量为55毫米，随着大陆纬度的增加降水量明显减少，大陆毫米，随着大陆纬度的增加降水量明显减少，大陆中部地区的年降水量仅有中部地区的年降水量仅有5毫米。在南极点附近，年降水量近于零，比非洲撒哈毫米。在南极点附近，年降水量近于零，比非洲撒哈拉大沙漠的降水量还稀少。所以，南极是世界上最干旱的地区。其主要原因是固拉大沙漠的降水量还稀少。所以，南极是世界上最干旱的地区。其主要原因是固态的冰雪降落在大陆后形成巨大的冰盖，加之极端寒冷的气候和极少的日照量，态的冰雪降落在大陆后形成巨大的冰盖，加之极端寒冷的气候和极少的日照量，冰盖的累积量还略大于消融量，形成干燥的冰盖的累积量还略大于消融量，形成干燥的“白色沙漠白色沙漠”。4.最荒凉孤寂的大陆最荒凉孤寂的大陆 南极大陆是世界上至今唯一没有常住居民的大陆。只有一些南极考察国家的科学考察人员南极大陆是世界上至今唯一没有常住居民的大陆。只有一些南极考察国家的科学考察人员短期的在南极工作，每年约短期的在南极工作，每年约2000人左右。人左右。
