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1、 Translation for CET4 大学英语四级考试翻译专题大学英语四级考试翻译专题1 1 基本介绍基本介绍在四级考试中，翻译所占分值为在四级考试中，翻译所占分值为5%5%，折合成，折合成710710分分卷为卷为3535分，每题所占分值为分，每题所占分值为7 7分。分。历年翻译考试中考生平均得分历年翻译考试中考生平均得分仅为总分值的一半仅为总分值的一半，同学们之所以在此拿分水平比较低的原因同学们之所以在此拿分水平比较低的原因是没有是没有掌握答题的方法掌握答题的方法。大家为什么得到这么低的分。大家为什么得到这么低的分数，是因为单词不认识吗？不是。是因为句子不数，是因为单词不认识吗？不是。
2、是因为句子不熟悉吗？也不是。熟悉吗？也不是。而是做题的时候特别的着急，而是做题的时候特别的着急，以至于一上来就从第一个单词翻译到最后一个单以至于一上来就从第一个单词翻译到最后一个单词，于是就遭遇了很严重的困难。词，于是就遭遇了很严重的困难。 在翻译的考试中，在翻译的考试中，内容内容和和句式句式各占一半的分值，各占一半的分值，内容每年千变万化，但句式永远是那么几个套路，内容每年千变万化，但句式永远是那么几个套路，包括包括定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、倒定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、倒装、虚拟、否定、强调、比较结构装、虚拟、否定、强调、比较结构。因此。因此1111年同学们在考场上见到的句子，必
3、然是你以前见年同学们在考场上见到的句子，必然是你以前见到过的样子，这就叫做到过的样子，这就叫做例句重现例句重现。而另外一半内。而另外一半内容要准备什么，那就是容要准备什么，那就是单词单词的问题。的问题。有些考点在翻译中反复考察，可见其必然为考试有些考点在翻译中反复考察，可见其必然为考试的重点内容，的重点内容，在复习备考过程中要注意汇总在复习备考过程中要注意汇总各年考题中反复出现的情况。各年考题中反复出现的情况。 2 2 真题汇总真题汇总- -句式句式1 1 虚拟语气虚拟语气 （Subjunctive Mood)Subjunctive Mood)2 2 从句从句 （Subordinate Cla
4、use)Subordinate Clause)3 3 倒装倒装 (Inversion)(Inversion)4 4 被动语态被动语态 (Passive Voice)(Passive Voice)5 5 比较结构比较结构 （Comparative Structure)Comparative Structure)2 2 真题汇总真题汇总表达表达1 1 时态时态 （Tense)Tense)2 2 搭配搭配 （Collocations and Patterns)Collocations and Patterns)3 3 情态动词情态动词 （Model Verbs Model Verbs ）4 4 独立
5、主格结构独立主格结构 (Nominative Absolute (Nominative Absolute Construction )Construction )1 1 虚拟语气虚拟语气非真实条件句中的虚拟语气非真实条件句中的虚拟语气假设假设 主句主句 从句从句 现在的现在的“假假”would + would + 动词原动词原形形 动词的过去式动词的过去式（bebe用用werewere） 过去的过去的“假假”would +have + would +have + 过去分词过去分词 had + had + 过去分词过去分词 将来的将来的“假假”would +do would +do should
6、 + should + 动词动词原形原形/were to /were to do do 1 1虚拟语气虚拟语气 名词性从句的虚拟名词性从句的虚拟宾语从句中（主体）宾语从句中（主体）1.建议要求命令：建议要求命令：should V建议：建议：suggest; advise; desire; propose; move (提出提出) 要求：要求：request; require; insist; direct; order; demand; decree2.意愿：意愿： wish; would rather; would just as soon; had ratherExamples2006 1
7、2_(本本来会有机会活下来来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital. 2009 6If she had returned an hour earlier, _ _(就不就不会被大雨淋了会被大雨淋了)。2009 12You would not have failed _ （按按照我的指令去做照我的指令去做）The victim would have had a chance to survive Mary would not have been caught by the rain. if you had followed my instruction
8、s 2008 12 Youd better take a sweater with you _ （以防天气变冷以防天气变冷）2006 12 Some psychologists claim that people _.(出门在外时可能会感到孤出门在外时可能会感到孤独独)。 2006 6The professor required that _ (我们交研我们交研究报告究报告) by Wednesday. in case it should turn cold might feel lonely when they are away from home we should hand in our
9、 research report 2010 6 It is suggested that the air conditioner _. (要安装在窗户旁要安装在窗户旁)2010 12 They requested that _ _(我借的书我借的书还回图书馆还回图书馆) by next Friday. the book I borrowed should be returned to the library/I should return the books which I borrowed from the library (should) be installed/fixed by/ ne
10、xt to the window. （被动语态被动语态）（被动语态被动语态）从句从句名词性从句名词性从句主语从句主语从句2009 6 (很很多人所没有意识到的多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports, and football in particular.2008 12 (大多数父母所关心的大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education possible for their children.What many people dont realize What most parents are concern
11、ed about 2010 12 (给游客印象最深的给游客印象最深的) was the friendliness and warmth of the local people.表语从句2007 12In my sixties, one change I notice . （我比我比以前更容易累了以前更容易累了）。What impressed the tourists most is that I get tired more easily than before. 形容词性从句形容词性从句定语从句定语从句2008 12 Medical researchers are painfully awa
12、re that there are many problems _. （他们至今他们至今还没有答案还没有答案）2007 6The prevention and treatment of AIDS is the field _. (我们可以我们可以合作的领域合作的领域)where we can cooperate which they havent found solution to 状语从句状语从句2008 6 Leaving ones job, _, (不不管是什么工作管是什么工作)， is a difficult change, even for those who look forwar
13、d to retiring. 2007 12I am going to pursue this course, _ (无论无论我要作出什么样的牺牲我要作出什么样的牺牲)。 no matter what sacrifices I have to make. no matter what job it is 倒装倒装Only（表强调）（表强调）, not only, hardly, no sooner, neither, scarcely, never置于句首时，其后句子谓置于句首时，其后句子谓语部分倒装。语部分倒装。2008 12, (直到他完成使命直到他完成使命) did he realize
14、 that he was seriously ill. （前后时态要注意前后时态要注意）2010 6 The manager never laughed, . (她她也从来没有发过脾气也从来没有发过脾气)。Not until he had fulfilled his mission neither did she ever lose her temper. 被动语态被动语态各种时态的被动语态基本结构各种时态的被动语态基本结构进行时进行时现在进行时现在进行时 is/am/are +being +done过去进行时过去进行时 was/were + being + done一般现在时一般现在时 一般
15、过去时一般过去时 is/am/ are + done was/ were + done 一般将来时一般将来时 will/ shall + be + done完成时完成时现在完成时现在完成时 have + been + done 过去完成时过去完成时 had + been + done2006 6 Though a skilled worker, _, (他被公司解他被公司解雇了雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.2007 12 Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life
16、_ (是用他们能够借到多少来衡是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的量的)， not how much they can earn, he was fired by the company is measured by how much money they can borrow 2008 6Our efforts will pay off if the result of this research _. (能应用于新技术的开发能应用于新技术的开发)2010 12The magnificent museum _ (据说据说建成于建成于) about a hundred years ago. can b
17、e applied to the development of new technology was said to have been built 2010 6 We look forward to _. (被邀请出席开幕式)being invited to the opening ceremony 比较结构比较结构考点考点： more/less than the more, the more2006 6The more you explain, _ （我我愈糊涂愈糊涂）。2009 12 The more exercise you take, _. （你越不大你越不大可能得感冒可能得感冒）。
18、the more confused I am. the less likely you are to catch a cold. 2006 12 Since my childhood, I have found that _(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力)。2009 6It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime _. (更有可能增加体重更有可能增加体重)nothing is more attractive to me than reading are more likely to put on
19、 weight. 时态时态考点：考点： 1 1 虚拟语气中主从句的时态（虚拟语气中主从句的时态（见虚拟语气见虚拟语气） 2 2 宾语从句中时态的用法宾语从句中时态的用法 3 3 句子前后时态一致句子前后时态一致2007 6Because of the leg injury, the athlete _. (决定退出比决定退出比赛赛)decided to quit the match. 2008 12Through the project, many people have received training and _. (决定自己创业决定自己创业)2008 12The anti-virus
20、agent was not known _.(直到一名医生偶然发现了它直到一名医生偶然发现了它)decided to launch their own business. until a doctor discovered it by chance. 搭配搭配考点：考点： 四级基本词组和搭配四级基本词组和搭配have trouble/difficulty in doing sth2006 6Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble _. （找到去历史博物馆找到去历史博物馆的路的路）。2009 6Soon after he tra
21、nsferred to the new school, Ali found that _in math and in English. (很难跟上班里的同学很难跟上班里的同学)finding the way to the history museum he had difficulty in catching up with his classmates2010 6Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty _. (集中注意力在实集中注意力在实验上验上)in concentrating on the experiment.
22、in order to 2009 6_ (为了挣钱供我上学为了挣钱供我上学)，mother often takes on more work than is good for her. In order to raise money to support my education 2010 12_, (为了确保他参加会议为了确保他参加会议)，I called him up in advance.In order to /to ensure that he can attend the meeting, 2006 12Specialists in intercultural studies sa
23、y that it is not easy to _ (适适应不同文化中的生活应不同文化中的生活)。 adapt oneself to life in different cultures. 2006 12 The nations population continues to rise _. (以每年以每年1200万万人的速度人的速度)2007 6The finding of this study failed to _. (将人们将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内的睡眠质量考虑在内)2007 6To make donations or for more information, _. (按下列按下列
24、地址和我们联系地址和我们联系) at the speed of 12 million per year. take peoples sleep quality into consideration. please contact us at the following address. 2007 6Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _. （如果你方便如果你方便的话的话 )2009 6The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body _. (与缺乏锻炼密切相关与缺乏锻炼密切相关)
25、2009 12Despite the hardship he encountered, Mark never _. （放弃对放弃对知识的追求知识的追求）if it is convenient for you is closely related to the lack of exercise gave up the pursuit of knowledge 2009 12Scientists agree that it will be a long time before _. (我们找到治愈我们找到治愈癌症的方法癌症的方法)2009 12Production has to be increa
26、sed considerably to _. （与消费者不断增长的需求保持与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步同步）2007 12_ （多亏了一系列的新多亏了一系列的新发明发明）， doctors can treat this disease successfully.we find the cure for cancer keep pace with the constantly increasing demands of consumers. Thanks to a series of new inventions 2007 12I would prefer shopping online to
27、 shopping in a department store because _. (它更加方便和省时它更加方便和省时)2010 6 We look forward to _. (被邀请出席开幕式被邀请出席开幕式)being invited to the opening ceremony The 16-year-old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite _ (她父母她父母的强烈反对的强烈反对)the former is more convenient and timesaving the strong opposition fr
28、om her parents 12There would be no life on earth. (没有地球独特的环境)without /but for its unique environment. 情态动词情态动词2008 12I cant boot my computer now. Something (一定出了毛病) with its operation system.独立主格结构独立主格结构2008 12, (与我成长的地方相比)， this town is more prosperous and exciting. must be wrong Compared with the place where I grew up
