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1、选词填空答题技巧一、测试目的 目的o上下文的理解o词汇的应用能力。考点1.词汇：实词(抽象名词、动词、形容词、副词)2.语法：句子结构分析能力3.逻辑：上下文联系二、测试形式 o选词填空题占整个考试的分值比例为5（35分/710分）o一篇阅读文章，长度在250词左右，题目为10道选词填空题，要求从给出的15个词中选择10个填入合适的空档中。o选项有如下特点：15个单词 3个名词正确答案+1个名词干扰答案 3个动词正确答案+1个动词干扰答案 3个形容词正确答案+2个形容词干扰答案 1个副词正确答案+1个副词干扰答案。三、基本要求 1. 篇章词汇理解题考查的对象皆为实义词，主要包括名词、动词、形容
2、词、副词，所以要求考生应该熟知大学英语四级的积极词汇，熟知单词的词类和不同意思。 2. 词汇理解题目顾名思义是要理解，也就是要求考生对上下文的理解，尤其是上文的理解，要求比较高。 3. 由于考试的形式是选词填空，所以考生必须熟知一些基本的语法知识， 例如：词性的归纳（词性的归纳（4种词性，名词、动词、形容种词性，名词、动词、形容词、副词）、基于语法的判断（词、副词）、基于语法的判断（单复数、ing形式等）、常用搭配的掌握都有助于解题。 四、解题步骤o题材：相当。社会、科普之类。o选词填空的15个待选词分成名词、动词、形容词、副名词、动词、形容词、副词四大类词四大类。考生必须先确定词性先确定词性
3、，再结合短文的逻辑再结合短文的逻辑做出选择做出选择。o你手上的时间：7分钟 = 25 18 （18 分钟留给Section B的两篇常规阅读，一篇9分钟。也可一篇10分钟。但选词填空题还是要给出7分钟，时间不够去挤底下的综合题）选词填空时间安排:四步四步ofirstly：Scan全文：全文：1 M 1分钟分钟 (也可也可scan 第一段明确全文的主旨第一段明确全文的主旨)osecondly：标注：标注词性词性 1m othirdly：选词：选词填空填空： 4m ofourthly：回顾：回顾检查检查 1m第一步：通读全文read through (1分钟) o通读全文是用较快速度，一行一行地读
4、，目的是把握至少90% 的文章内容。o切不可先看选项，乱了脑子，自食先入为主切不可先看选项，乱了脑子，自食先入为主的恶果的恶果。一定要先了解文章大意先了解文章大意，带着文章带着文章脉络去找选项脉络去找选项。所以，务必先沉着地把文章读一遍，尤其注意注意gap 前后前后的位置，为寻找正确选项打下铺垫。o提醒：就算是通读，也别拿来就把头埋进去就算是通读，也别拿来就把头埋进去傻读。先居高临下，花傻读。先居高临下，花5秒钟把短文各个自然秒钟把短文各个自然段的段首扫一遍。段的段首扫一遍。 o比如每段这样开头的文章：When Roberto Feliz came to the USAThen Mrs. Ma
5、lave, a bilingual educator, began to work with himToday, he is a _ doctor, run his own clinicRobertos story is just one of _ success stories. o一眼就能看出短文的主要内容：Roberto 这大哥开始不行，随着时间的推移（When Then Today ）后来在别人帮助下成功 (success stories)了。心里有了底，再读文章就轻松多了。o提醒：Banked cloze 的短文（text）第一句是不允许出题的，它对全文起概括、提示的作用。所以，一定
6、要认真看懂第一句。 第二步：整理选项classify the options (1分钟) o关键的一个步骤就是词性分类，即将试卷中给出的15个单词，按照名词、动词、形容词、副词的顺序进行分类。这样做考生就可以不再是15选1了，只要根据上下文的逻辑关系或者语法结构，有时候可以是3选1甚至2选1，缩小了选择的范围，降低了试题的难度。o注意：只考实词（只考实词（n, v, adj, adv) 不考虚词（art, prep, pron, interj) 五五 解题技巧解题技巧答题技巧一：词性分类 Scale retailed generate extreme technically affordabl
7、e situation really potential gap voluntary excessive insulted purchase primarilyretailedgenerateinsultedpurchaseextremeaffordablepotentialexcessivevoluntaryscalesituationgap副词technicallyprimarilyreally名词形容词动词如何确定被选答案词性 标词性时的切入点是后缀suffix，也就是词缀。o常见名词后缀：常见名词后缀：o-sion，-tion，o如：starvation，attraction，prof
8、essiono-ity，o如：quality，diversityo其他o -age, -ness, -ty, -ship, -ace, -ance, -ancy, o-ence, -ency, -dom, -itude, -um, -monyo-al 如何确定被选答案词性 o常见动词后缀：:o -ate，o如：estimate，generateo-en，o如：widen，worseno其他o-ize, -ise, -fy如何确定被选答案词性 o常见形容词后缀：o-able，-ibleo如：stable，affordable, feasible , irresistible o-tive，-si
9、ve，o如：destructive，excessive ，sensitiveo-ous，o如：unconscious，enormouso其他o-ent, -ant, -ful, -ary, -ic, -cal, -less如何确定被选答案词性 o常见副词后缀：o-ly，o如：deliberately，completely，remarkably，o其他o -ward, -wards：odownward, inwards, upwardo-ways：oalways, sidewayso-wise：ootherwise, clockwise 答题技巧二：利用略读法略读全文 答题技巧三：瞻前顾后 理解
10、文章的中心思想和逻辑关系1. 确定空格为名词或动名词 空格处前面为冠词、形容词或者及物动词的 空格处后面是动词的 空格处前面是介词的 举例：.these jobs, a _ that has changed the target market for many products.（1）a /an/the n. adj. n. vt. n. （2） n. v. （3）prep. n. o通常来说，冠词(a，an，the)、形容词、介词后面搭配名词，即“a/an/the/adj./prep. + n。”oEducation soon became a _. 真题举例（1）n./pron. vt.
11、n./pron.（2）n./pron. vi. （3）n./pron. vi. adv./prep., （4）n./pron. link v./be. adj.（5）to v. 2. 确定空格为动词空格处前面已经有名词/代词作主语，后面又有名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动词 空格处前面是名词/代词，后面没有宾语，空格处应填不及物动词； 空格处前面是名词/代词，空格处后面是副词/介词，空格处应填入不及物动词，与副词/介词构成固定搭配 Many car dealers _ women shoppers by ignoring them or For example, women now
12、_ about half of all cars.o1. 主语后缺谓语动词。oHe _ from his teachers, came home in tears and thought about dropping out. o2. 当出现“一个完整的句子 + ，_ + 名词/介词”的结构时，ooThe rainfall is increased across South America, _ floods to Peru. 真题举例真题举例o3. 横线处如果填谓语动词，往往与上下半句的谓语动词时态一致。oIn particular, when older patients _ of pai
13、n, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it. 真题举例3. 确定空格为形容词1）当出现“a/the/the most/more +_+名词”的结构时，横线处通常填形容词 The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most _ weather in modern history. Decades ago, there were only a _19_ number of drugs available, 3. 确定空格为形容词2）
14、空格前面或者后面为名词的，空格处应填入形容词；and many of them caused _20_ side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. 3）空格处前面是系动词或be动词的，空格处应填入形容词作表语。 The researchers are _ why the fathers speech, and not the mothers, had an effect.（1） a/the/the most/more +adj.（2） adj. n. 或n. adj. , （3）link/be v. adj. ,
15、 4. 确定空格为副词1）空格处前面或者后面为动词的，空格处应填入副词； 2.空格处后面是形容词的，空格处应填入副词。 Writing needs to be done _, just like exercise How would I, unable to speak the language, _unfamiliar with local geography or transportation system.4. 确定空格为副词3）. 当一句话完整的时候，句尾的空往往是副词。 4. 当一句话出现“主语 + _ + 谓语”的情况时，横线处通常填副词。 Today, we lake pain
16、_. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students _ outperform their peers in monolingual programs。 o常见的逻辑关系词如下：o（1） 并列关系：oand , or, as well as 等 o（2） 对比、转折关系：obut , however , on the contrary , rather than 等 o（3） 比较关系：oasas , like , similar 等 o（4） 因果关系：obecause , for , since , as a result of , therefore ,
17、 thus 等 o（5） 举例关系：ofor example , for instance , such as ， and so on 等 o（6） 递进关系：oand , whats more , moreover , in addition 等 利用逻辑关系词确定答案利用逻辑关系词确定答案逻辑联系：并列关系o During sleep, the fatigue of the body _ and recuperation begins. o选项： 由and 连接的并列句。需要动词，与主语fatigue一致，所以选单三形式的现在时： 全篇只有一个这样的词，无干扰项。o答案 ：disappea
18、rs. 对比或转折关系oP1 B1 There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. This is , however, a _.o作者的写作方法是先立（popular belief）后破(however)。作者用了however表示转折, 证明popular belief is wrong belief. o表示wrong belief 的词 一要名词，而要词义相符。 o所以选择答案为： misunderstanding. 并列+因果oOthers hoped
19、 that by helping someone now, they would deserve (应得) care when they bacame old and _.oAnalyze: 1 需要一个与old并列的形容词。o2 需要帮助，不仅仅因为是old, 还因为他/她生活无法自理。o从词性和词义上，选 F dependent. 常见问题o有的词，做名词和做动词都很常见，没有上下文不好判断。两个都要标出来，先标你脑子里第一个出现的词性。So easy常见问题o以ing, ed 结尾的词既可能是动词，也可能是分词转变而来的形容词一律看成是动词，包括非谓语动词。已被视为形容词的除外。So e
20、asy记背选词填空选项的重点范围：oo 1. 历年曾经考过的复合式听写的单词o2. 历年曾经考过的完形填空的选项，仔细阅读态度题的选项o3. 历年曾经考过的真题中的高频词汇oYears ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients _47_ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.oTimes
21、 have changed. Today, we take pain _48_. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in _49_ a persons well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的慢性的) pain can disrupt (扰乱扰乱) a persons life, causing problems that _50_ from miss
22、ed work to depression.真题演练2007.6oThats why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who _51_ in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological
23、 and social _52_ related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often _53_ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理医心理医生生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.真题演练2007.6oThis modern _54_ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more
24、effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a _55_ number of drugs available, and many of them caused _56_ side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused oth
25、er problems that could be worse than the pain itself.真题演练2007.6o15选选10 A) result I ) determining B) involves J ) limited C) significant K) gravely D) range L) complained E) relieved M) respect F) issues N) prompting G) seriously O) specialize H) magnificento划分词类划分词类 名词单数： A) result结果 M) respect（尊重）可
26、能的名词复数：F) issues B) involves动词原形： O) specialize M) respect（尊重）动词进行时：I) determining决定，确定 N) prompting动词过去式：J) limited限制 L) complained抱怨 E) relieved可能的动词单三：B) involves F) issues形容词：C) significant H) magnificent J) limited有限的副词：G) seriously严肃的 K) gravely不能确定的：D) range 真题演练2009.12A)already B) analyzed C) aspects D) characters B)E) contributing F) describing G) established H) quality I) quoted J) recording K) recruited L) totalM) unconscious N) unsure O) yetanalyzedcontributingdescribingquotedrecordingrecruitedestablishedtotalunconsciousunsureaspectscharactersquality副词alreadyyet名词形容词动词
