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1、Grammar Unit 3Online toursSimple past tense andpresent perfect tense构成构成用法用法常用常用时间时间状语状语动词的过去式动词的过去式1.表示过去某个时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或间发生的动作或存在的状态。存在的状态。2.表示过去经常或表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。反复发生的动作。yesterdaylastnightin1990twodaysago现在完成时：现在完成时： 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延
2、续到现在的动作或保存的状态。动作或保存的状态。结构：结构：主语主语+have/has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词一般疑问句一般疑问句：have/has?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihavent.Yes,shehas.No,shehasnt.现在完成时动词构成现在完成时动词构成have/has+v过去分词过去分词助动词助动词否定否定haventhasnt疑问疑问Haveyou?Hashe?常与下列时间状语连用：常与下列时间状语连用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,severaltimesHehasreadthatbook.(说明他现在知道那本书的内容。说明
3、他现在知道那本书的内容。)Hereadthatbooklastyear.(只说明他去年读过那本书。只说明他去年读过那本书。)HehasgonetoAmerica.(他现在不在此地，他现在不在此地，到美国去了。到美国去了。)HewenttoAmerica.(只说明他去过美国。只说明他去过美国。) 现在完成时：现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况，现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况，不不能和表示过去的时间状语连用（如：
4、能和表示过去的时间状语连用（如：in 1990in 1990，last last Sunday Sunday 等）。等）。 一般过去时：一般过去时：一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。现在完成时现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：与一般过去时的区别：have/has+V过去分词过去分词Ihavewaitedforhimformanytimes.我等他等了好几次了。我等他等了好几次了。Ihavebeenwaiti
5、ngforhimforanhour.我等他等了一小时。我等他等了一小时。Hehasdrunksixcupsofcoffee.他喝了六杯咖啡。他喝了六杯咖啡。Hehasbeendrinkingcoffee.他一直在喝咖啡。他一直在喝咖啡。现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身,与现在与现在的结果无关。的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上的区别举例如下：的区别举例如下：Ihavecleanedmyroom.(Myroomiscleannow.)我
6、已经打扫过我的房间了。我已经打扫过我的房间了。Icleanedmyroomlastweek.(Ididitinthepast.)我上周打扫了我的房间。我上周打扫了我的房间。FatherhasgonetoAmoy.(HewenttoAmoyandheisnotherenow.)爸爸已经去厦门了。爸爸已经去厦门了。Theyhaveboughtadictionary.(Theyboughtadictionaryandtheyhaveitnow.)他们买了一本字典。他们买了一本字典。注意注意:现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语(如如:yesterday,last,ye
7、ar,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenshecamein等等)连用连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语但可以和不明确指出时间的状语(如如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recently,lately等等)连用连用；也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语(如：如：today,thismorning,thisweek,thisyear等等)连用连用。Therearesomedifferencesbetweenthesimplepasttensea
8、ndthepresentperfecttense.Weusethesimplepasttensetotellwhathappenedinthepast.DanielwenttoBeijingtwoyearsago.Simple past tense and present perfect tenseWeusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.DanielhaslivedinBeijingfortwoyears.Weusethesimplepasttenset
9、otellwhathappenedinthepast.Danielboughtanewcomputerlastmonth.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkabouttheresultofanaction.Whentheactionhappenedisnotveryimportant.Itmayhave justhappenedorhappenedsometimeago.Danielhasboughtanewcomputer.(Danielhasanewcomputernow.)MrWuvisitedCanadain2010and2011.Weusethesim
10、plepasttensetotellwhathappenedinthepast.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotellhowmanytimesanactionhhappenedtillnow.MrWuhasbeentoCanadatwice.Weoftenusethesetimeexpressionswiththepresentperfecttense.alreadyeverjustrecently(not)yetSofaruptonowuntil/tillnowTip2Weoftenusethesetimeexpressionswiththesimplepastt
11、ense.yesterdaytheotherdaylastagoTip1ASimonisshowingMilliesomepictures.Completehissentenceswiththecorrect formsofthewordsinbrackets.Differences between the two1.I_(visit)thePalaceMuseumwithmygrandparentstheotherday.visited2.I_(climb)MountHuanglastSummer.climbed3._youever_(try)thefamousTianjinBaozi?Ha
12、vetried4.IamhappythatI_(learn)toswim.havelearntBMrWuisaskingthestudentstomakesentenceswiththecorrecttenses.Helpthemcompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.1.I_ (finish/just)myhomework.Millie_(finish)herhomework20minutesago.havejustfinishedfinished4.I_(live)inSunshineTown5.sinceIw
13、asborn.Daniel_(live)inNanjingin2007.2.I_(write)anemailtomyfriendyesterday.Daniel_ (write/already)twoemails.3.I_(be)inHainanlastmonth.Someofourclassmates_(notbe)toHainanyet.wrotehasalreadywrittenwashasnotbeenhavelivedlivedMillie:_ (you/be/ever)toNanjing?Simon:Yes.I(2)_(be)therethreetimes.Millie:When(
14、3)_(you/go)therelast?CMilliehasneverbeentoNanjing.SheisaskingSimonaboutthecity.Completetheirconversationwiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.HaveyoueverbeenhavebeendidyougoSimon:Lastsummer.I(4)_(spend)aweekthere.Millie:(5)_(you/like)it?Simon:Ohyes.I(6)_(have)agreattimethere.I(7)_(visit)manyplaces
15、ofinterestand(8)_(eat)lotsoflocalfood.Millie:Luckyyou!I(9)_(be/never)there.spentDidyoulikehadvisitedatehaveneverbeenSaturday,15MarchHaveyoueverdreamtoftravellingaroundtheworldwithoutapassport?Yes,youcanrealizeyourdreambytakinganonlinetour.YesterdayDaniel_meanonlineDMillieiswritingabouttheUSAinherdia
16、ry.Completeherdiaryentrywiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.bebuyreadreturnsee showshowedtouroftheUSA.I(2)_never_somanywonderfulpicturesbefore.Lastweek,I_abookabouttheplacesofinterestintheUSA.I(4)_20pagesalready.Itsreallyinteresting.Mydad(5)_just_fromtheUSA,butI(6)_never_there.IhopeIcanvisittheUSA
17、someday.haveseenboughthavereadhasreturnedhavebeenI. 改改写写句子。句子。1.Myfathercamebackfromthebookshopjustnow.Myfather_just_thebookshop.2.HebegantolearnChinesein2001.He_Chinesesince2001.3.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm_sincetwominutesago.4.Hehashadthemotorbikefortwoyears.Itstwoyears_he_themotorbike.He_t
18、hemotorbiketwoyears_.Twoyears_sincehe_themotorbike.hasreturned fromhaslearnedhas been on sinceboughtboughtagohas passedbought1.We_(plant)treeslastSunday.Sofarwe_(plant)over300treesthere.2.Aterribleearthquake_(happen)inWenchuanonMay12,2008.3.He_(work)heresincelastyear.II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。pl
19、antedhaveplantedhappenedhasworked4._you_(is)totheUnitedStates?Notyet.ButI_(go)toCanadaafewyearsago.5.LastyearI_(go)tothetheatreeveryweek.6.In1995,there_(be)averybigrace.7.LastSundayI_(get)upverylate.8.He_(teach)inourschoolfor30years.HavebeenwentwentwasgothastaughtIII. 翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。1.上周六你去世界之窗了吗？上周六
20、你去世界之窗了吗？_LastSaturday?2.在最近的在最近的5年当中，这个城市发生了年当中，这个城市发生了巨大变化。巨大变化。_inthelastfiveyears.3.我弟弟从未出过国。我弟弟从未出过国。Mybrother_abroadbefore.DidyougototheWindowoftheWorldGreatchangeshavehappenedinthiscityhasneverbeen4.我在这学校已学习两年多了。我在这学校已学习两年多了。I_atthisschool_.5.你已找到你的钢笔了吗？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？_yourpenyet?6.他去那儿已有他去那儿已有6个
21、月了。个月了。He_forsixmonths.7.他他6个月前去过那儿。个月前去过那儿。He_6monthsago.forovertwoyearshavestudiedHaveyoufoundhasbeentherewentthere8.她成为一名护士已经三年了。她成为一名护士已经三年了。9.我五年前就认识李雷了。我五年前就认识李雷了。10.那些相片我已经寄给他了。（那些相片我已经寄给他了。（post）11.我来到这个学校后，他就一直教我。我来到这个学校后，他就一直教我。12.我刚丢了我的历史书。我刚丢了我的历史书。Shehasbeenanurseforthreeyears.Ihaveknow
22、nLileisincefiveyearsago.Ihavealreadypostedthephotostohim.HehastaughtmesinceIcametotheschool.Ihavejustlostmyhistorybook.1.I_heardofthatstorybefore.1.I_heardofthatstorybefore.A.donthaveB.nothaveC.havenotD.nottohaveA.donthaveB.nothaveC.havenotD.nottohave2.Shesneverbeentothatfactory,_?2.Shesneverbeentot
23、hatfactory,_?A.issheB.wassheC.doessheD.hassheA.issheB.wassheC.doessheD.hasshe3.Haveyoumadedumplings_?No,Ihavent.3.Haveyoumadedumplings_?No,Ihavent.A.justnowB.yesterdayC.agoD.beforeA.justnowB.yesterdayC.agoD.before4.Tom_illsincelastnight.4.Tom_illsincelastnight.A.wasB.isC.hasbeenD.beA.wasB.isC.hasbee
24、nD.be5.Howlonghaveyou_Nanjing?5.Howlonghaveyou_Nanjing?A.gonetoB.beentoC.beeninD.wenttoA.gonetoB.beentoC.beeninD.wenttoCDDCC 单选。单选。6.HowmanytimeshasJim_thatpark?Twice.6.HowmanytimeshasJim_thatpark?Twice.A.gonetoB.beentoC.beeninD.wenttoA.gonetoB.beentoC.beeninD.wentto7.Ive_thisdictionaryforhalfayear.
25、7.Ive_thisdictionaryforhalfayear.A.boughtB.hadC.A.boughtB.hadC.lendedlendedD.borrowedD.borrowed8.Shewontgotothecinemathiseveningbecauseshe8.Shewontgotothecinemathiseveningbecauseshe_thefilmbefore._thefilmbefore.A.hasseenB.sawC.seesD.isseeingA.hasseenB.sawC.seesD.isseeingBBA1.PaulandI_tennisyesterday
26、.HedidmuchbetterthanI.(2011北京北京)A.playB.willplayC.playedD.areplaying2.Mr.Blackisgoingtomarryagirlhe_inJapanlastyear.(2011内蒙古包头内蒙古包头)A.meetsB.metC.hasmetD.wouldmeet考题链接考题链接3.HaveyoueverbeentoCanada?Yes,I_therelastyearwithmyparents.(2011浙江丽水浙江丽水)A.havebeenB.havegoneC.wentD.go4.Myauntisawriter.She_more
27、thantenbookssince1980.(2011北京北京)A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwrite5.Howtimeflies!Severalyears_sincewestartedourmiddleschoollife.Wewillkeepthepleasantexperiencesinourminds.(2012黑龙江哈尔滨黑龙江哈尔滨)A.havepassB.haspassedC.willpass6.WherewereyoulastSaturday?I_intheCapitalMuseum.(2012北京北京)A.amB.willbeC.wasD
28、.havebeen7.IhavebeentoShanghai.I_therelastmonth.(2012天津天津)A.goB.wentC.havegoneD.willgo8.Whatdidyoudolastnight?I_TVandreadbooks.(2013湖南娄底湖南娄底)A.watchB.watchedC.havewatched9.He_fortenyears.(2013四川雅安四川雅安)A.hasbeenmarriedB.marriedC.gotmarriedD.hasmarried10.Juliesfather_toLondonlastmonth.He_therethreetim
29、es.(2013江苏连云港江苏连云港)A.went;hadgoneB.hasgone;hasbeenC.went;hasbeenD.hasbeen;hadgone11.Tony_footballeveryweekendwhenhewasyoung.(2013浙江宁波浙江宁波)A.playsB.playedC.isplaying D.hasplayed12.Anna,haveyou_seenChinas Got Talent(达人秀达人秀)?Ofcourse.I_itlastweekend.(2013湖北咸宁湖北咸宁)A.never;sawB.ever;haveseenC.never;haves
30、eenD.ever;saw13.Howlonghaveyou_here?Fortwodays.I_herethedaybeforeyesterday.(2013四川广安四川广安)A.been;cameB.come;cameC.came;came14.Theastronautissotiredthathe_forelevenhours.(2013山东青岛山东青岛)A.hasbeenasleepB.hasfallenasleepC.hasgonetobedD.hasgonetosleep15.Icalledyouyesterdayeveningbutyouwerenotin.Sorry,I_intheshopwithmymother.(2013重庆重庆)A.amB.willbeC.wasD.havebeenHomework Tryyourbesttolearnmoreabouttheusageofhas/havedone.Thenmakeconversationswiththebooksnameinthisunit.
