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1、高考英语基础写作高考英语基础写作复习系列复习系列 一是以一是以表格表格形式形式,将将统计的数据或被统计的数据或被说明的事物直接说明的事物直接用表格形式体现用表格形式体现出来出来,即统计表即统计表(table) 。Item19941995199619971998Food65%60%48%42%35%clothing8%9%12%l15%17%Recreation3%5%7%8%10%Others24%26%33%35%38%Total100% 100% 100% 100% 100%矩形的矩形的竖行竖行和和横行横行进行排列的表格进行排列的表格 图表类说明文的类型图表类说明文的类型表示两组数的关系表
2、示两组数的关系-通常为通常为函数关系函数关系图图二是以二是以图形图形形式形式 A 表示数据变化的表示数据变化的曲线图曲线图( graph );B 表示数据的大小或数量之间的差异表示数据的大小或数量之间的差异 的的柱状图柱状图( bar chart / graph );C 表示总体内部结构变化的表示总体内部结构变化的扇形图扇形图( pie chart )1.The graph/chart/table above 2. the above graph/chart, it can be seen that.3. (正如正如) is shown in the graph, .4. has been s
3、hown from the table that第一步:第一步: showsFromAsIt图表类说明文的写作步骤图表类说明文的写作步骤开门见山地点明本图表所反映的主题开门见山地点明本图表所反映的主题, 即即conclusion.常使用的词汇有常使用的词汇有:(图表(图表/数据):数据):table, chart, graph,figure(数据)(数据) ;动词:动词:describe, tell, show, represent常用句型:常用句型:第二步:第二步:分析数据间的分析数据间的主要差异及趋势主要差异及趋势,然后描写(在,然后描写(在描写数据间变化及总趋势特征时,可采用分类式或对比
4、描写数据间变化及总趋势特征时,可采用分类式或对比式以支持主题,并阐明必要的理由)。注意层次。式以支持主题,并阐明必要的理由)。注意层次。 即即 facts and reasons增长增长/减少的表达减少的表达:表示上升的动词表示上升的动词: rise,increase,climb,go up , ;表示上升的名词表示上升的名词: rise,increase, ;表示下降的动词表示下降的动词: fall,decline,decrease,drop,go down, ;表示下降的名词表示下降的名词: fall,decline,decrease,drop, ;表示平稳表示平稳:remain stea
5、dy/unchanged常用句型:(常用句型:( Facts)1.There was a great /slight increase /rise in2.There has been a sudden/slow/rapid fall/drop in3.The rate dropped slightly from 38%into 31% in4. By comparison with,it decreased/increased/fell fromto5. Statistics show a 20% rise/reduction in traffic accidents compared wi
6、th last year.6. The population owning mobile phones increased by 10% in 1999. 倍数的表达:five times as many asdoubledfourmore1.The number /rate has nearly _ (是的两倍)(是的两倍), as against that of last year.2.The number is that of.(是(是的的5倍倍) =The number is times than in(比多倍比多倍)Reasons:1. The reason is that2. On
7、e may think of the change as a of 3. The change in largely results _ the fact that.This brings the important fact that. .is the key (因素因素)in. It is because of _ resultwhy/forfromoutfactorthat常用表达:常用表达:1.in a ,/ in short,(简而言之)(简而言之) / _ 2. speaking(总的来说)(总的来说)2. summary, it is important3. From what
8、has been discussed above, we can (得出结论)得出结论)that4. _(很明显地)(很明显地), if we want to, it is necessary5._(毫无疑问毫无疑问) attention must be paid to6. I _(建议建议)the government take effective measures to 7._, I think(就我来看就我来看) the “golden week” should remain, forObviously/Apparentlydraw the conclusionInwordgeneral
9、lyThere is no doubt that第三步:第三步:suggestPersonally归纳总结或发表评论。归纳总结或发表评论。 - 07年高考基础写作年高考基础写作写作内容写作内容根据以上数据根据以上数据,写一篇短写一篇短文文,包括以下内容包括以下内容:1.调查时间调查时间,调查问题调查问题,以以及调查对象及调查对象;2.男女生在以明星为偶像男女生在以明星为偶像方面的差异方面的差异;3.”父母父母”在男女生偶像在男女生偶像中的排序差异中的排序差异;4.男女生在以伟人为偶像男女生在以伟人为偶像方面的异同方面的异同;5.你的偶像及理由。你的偶像及理由。范文剖析范文剖析1._ Last
10、week,we did a survey among 2,600 students on “Who is your idol”. 2._ The survey shows that half of the girls choose film and TV stars as idols,while 48% of the boys favor sports stars. 3._ As the data shows, “parents” rank the second for the girls, but the fourth for the boys. 4._ However, the perce
11、ntage of the boys choosing “great figures” is the same as that of the girls. 5._ As for myself, Thomas Edison is my idol, because his inventions have greatly changed our life.范文剖析范文剖析ConclusionFactYour opinionFactFactb.数据的表达数据的表达?a. Conclusion/fact/reason/your opinion?:下图是我国近下图是我国近10年私人汽年私人汽车拥有情况车拥有
12、情况,反映了人反映了人们生活水平的变化们生活水平的变化.写作内容写作内容 请根据以上数据请根据以上数据,写一篇写一篇短文,包括以下内容短文,包括以下内容: 1. 近近10年我国私人汽车年我国私人汽车拥有量增加了拥有量增加了5倍多倍多; 2. 增加的理由是:经济增加的理由是:经济增长快;节约时间。增长快;节约时间。 3. 你对此现象的看法。你对此现象的看法。写作要求写作要求 1. 只能使用只能使用5个句子表达个句子表达全部内容全部内容; 2. 标题标题 :Car Ownership in China。实践演练实践演练99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 99 00 0
13、1 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 第三人称第三人称现在完成时现在完成时&一般现在时一般现在时1.Conclusion2.Facts and reasons3.Your own opinion/ suggestions1. 近近10年我国私人汽车年我国私人汽车拥有量发生了巨变;拥有量发生了巨变;2. 2009年私人汽车
14、拥年私人汽车拥有量比有量比1999年增加了年增加了5倍多倍多;3. 理由理由1:经济增长快:经济增长快;4. 理由理由2:节约时间:节约时间;5. 你对此现象的看法。你对此现象的看法。时态时态:人称人称:要点要点:篇章结构篇章结构:写作指导写作指导99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Try to finish your passage within 10 minutes.checklist1.是否只用了是否只用了5句句?2.要点是否齐全要点是否齐全?3.是否符合图表类说明文的篇章结构是否符合图表类说明文的篇章结构? 4.有无语法或拼写错误有无语法或拼写错误?5.是
15、否用上了高级词汇或高级结构是否用上了高级词汇或高级结构?6.有无过渡性词语有无过渡性词语,使文章更连贯使文章更连贯?Possible Version:As can be seen from the graph, great changes in car ownership have taken place in China in the past ten years. The number of private cars increased more than 5 times from nearly 3 million in 1999 to over 15 million in 2009. I
16、ts mainly because the economy of China has developed so rapidly that many Chinese people want to own private cars. Besides, in modern society, many Chinese need a car to do business so as to save time. In my view, as the car ownership constantly increases year by year, a large number of social problems, such as traffic jams, will turn up in nearly every city throughout China.Learn by heart the useful expressions we learnt today. Homework