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1、高考高考英语英语完形填空完形填空备考策略备考策略庄河市第二高级中学庄河市第二高级中学任晓青任晓青庄河二高中庄河二高中学情学情：1、学苗经过两轮筛选 2、大都来自偏远农村 英语基础差，90%都不会音标 3、英语学习没有方法 4、对英语完全不感兴趣针对我校学情我们采取的对策：1、降低起点，从音标学起，从句法讲起 2、高效课堂，向45分钟要质量，当堂讲的东 西当堂弄会，带领学生不欠债3、单词词组好句背诵逐个过关 （1）教师亲自检查，逐个过关 （2）组长检查，生生监督，教师抽查， 连坐惩罚，株连九族4、作业全批全改，统计正答率，实名制记录 做对学生名单，培养讲题小老师。5、多限时训练，现做现讲，少留课
2、后自己做在高考英语备考中，我们更是工作抓在实处抓在基础，不空泛不空谈：1、工作做到骨髓里，坚持不做无用功，有学必有得2、挖掘学生潜力，调动学生学习兴趣，变被动学习为主动学习，知学、乐学3、不讲空洞的大道理而要具体可行的量身制作的实用方案高考完形备考策略命题原理及特点完形填空命题原理是格式塔心理学格式塔心理学。该原理强调整体性和综合性而不是个别和孤立，所以对文章要整体感知和从语义上的整体把握，这样做好完形填空不仅仅要求考生有扎实的英语基础语法和词汇知识扎实的英语基础语法和词汇知识，还要求考生具备较高的综合理解能力和语言运用能力，即具备良好的把握文章情节发展脉络、逻辑关系线索以及主体思想的能力。二
3、、学生失分的原因分析二、学生失分的原因分析1、对文意分析不够，凭主观想象选择答案。、对文意分析不够，凭主观想象选择答案。Amoreembarrassingsituationoccurswhenastudentstartsfallingintosleepandthe_30_oftheheadpushesthearmoffthe_31_,andthemovementcarriesthe_32_ofthebodyalong.Thestudentwakesuponthefloorwithno_33_ofgettingthere.（2011大纲全国卷）33.A.memoryB.reason34C.que
4、stionD.purpose2、审题不仔细，忽略信息提示审题不仔细，忽略信息提示。Hewaswearingafalsebeardandhadacavemansaxe(斧子)inonehand,andaspacegunintheother.Itwas,ofcourse,Tony,whoinformedme54thathewasthefirst55toflyintospace.2011年辽宁卷55.A.policemanB.spaceman56.C.cavemanD.postmanInonehandacavemansaxecavemanIntheotherhandaspacegunflyintos
5、pace3 3、未能理解上下文之间的逻辑关系，意群、未能理解上下文之间的逻辑关系，意群归不清。归不清。Isawhesuddenlybecame44;hehaddiscoveredsomethinghereallyliked：alargetindrum.Iwasquitehappytoo45IthoughtwhatTonysmotherwouldsaywhenshesawit.Nobodywouldgetany46forweeks!IledTonyaway47,sayingthatthedrumwastooexpensive.（2011年辽宁卷）44.A.surprisedB.hopefulC.
6、patientD.excited45.A.afterB.untilC.unlessD.since三、完形填空的有效三、完形填空的有效 备考策略备考策略1 1、为学生准备完形填空的智慧背囊。、为学生准备完形填空的智慧背囊。 法器一：常见动词词组通过例句领悟语义,再汇总。小组分工合作让学生收集例句编例句，整理，共同汇总，再引导学生进行横向纵向比对，最后强化训练：inbringoncuttakeoffcallinuptakedowngetovertake法器二：常见同义词近义词集中记忆如：1 看：look,watch,observe,notice,stare2.答：answer,respond,re
7、ply3.拿、放：take,bring,hold,carry,fetch,lift,put,lay,pull,push.4、“找/查”find，lookfor，findout，discover/explore，hunt，search，seek5、说：Say,speak,whisper,talk,chat,tell,persuade,explain,warn,inform,remind,claim,discuss,debate,declare,mentionadmitdeny,describe,announce,introduce,complain法器三：常见的一词多义或熟词生义的词汇归纳训练如
8、：add(v.补充说),address(v.写地址；演说，演讲）,admit(v.允许进入）,apply(v.应用）,catch（v.领会）,count(v.把算入；认为重要）,cover（v.够支付；走路；读页书；涉及；报道）,express（adj.高速的，快速的）,fine（v./n.罚款）,fire（v.开除）,follow（v.听从，仿效）,hold（v.容纳；举办；支撑重量；控制，抑制；担任，任职；持有观点）,interest(n.利益，利息，股份）,lift（n.搭便车）,operate（v.操作，经营）,practice（n.惯例，习俗）,reach（v.够得着）,settle
9、（v.解决）,stand(v.忍受，容忍）,study（n.书房）,treasure（v.珍爱，珍视）,value（v.重视，珍视）等等法器四：考查高频的名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词汇总如：高频名词：如：高频名词：advantage,anxiety,agreement,attitude,argument,approach,activity.belief,burden,comfort,concern,courageconclusion,confidence,contribution,chance,courage,challenge,difficulty,determination,energy
10、,experience,excitement,fortune,goal,gift,honor,introduction,idea,interest,impression,importance,kindness,knowledge,lesson,problem,poverty,power,program,promise,principle,patience,progress,question,responsibility,relief,regret,routine,reward,satisfaction,sorrow,similarity,standard,strength,talent,tho
11、ught,trouble,view,wisdom法器五：近几年高考完形填空中的选项词汇分类总结如：形容词副词高频答案词：fortunately/luckily/unfortunately；quickly/immediately/instantlyeventually/finally/atlast；difficult/hard；suddenly，immediately,gradually,anxiously,eagerly,successfully,friendly,independent,practical,excellent,wonderful,confident,however,never
12、，even，still,only,also等等常见完形填空几种解题方法：常见完形填空几种解题方法：（1）、语境信息解题法（2）、语法结构解题法（3）、复现解题法（4）、固定搭配解题法（5）、逻辑语气解题法（6）、利用文化背景和生活常识解题法2 2、注重完形填空的、注重完形填空的讲题策略讲题策略，从，从逻辑思维上引导学生的解题思路，培养学逻辑思维上引导学生的解题思路，培养学生的篇章理解能力生的篇章理解能力 完形填空的讲题策略：（1 1）、类比讲解法：）、类比讲解法： 顾名思义，类比讲解法就是把顾名思义，类比讲解法就是把完形填空篇章中类似的东西加以完形填空篇章中类似的东西加以比较来讲解完形填空题。
13、比较来讲解完形填空题。Johns parents got the washer when he was a teenager. His family never owned a washing machine.Since gasoline was expensive, trips to the laundry several miles away were far 1their power to afford. Keeping clothes clean 2most of young Johns spare time.A family friend joined the army and hi
14、s wife 3to go with him. Johns family 4to store their furniture while they were away. 5, the friend suggested they use their Bendix and this was how they 6the washer. 1.Abeyond Bover Cwithin Dbelow2. Atook Bcost Coccupied Dspent3.ApreparedBmanagedCdesired Dappealed4. Apromised Bexpected Cdecided Doff
15、ered5.AIn turn BIn return CIn addition DIn place6.Aused Bacquired Cbought DborrowedacquiredThe machine was eventually 7to Johns house, and-across the years with it, he 8_alove for the old, green Bendix. But finally the war ended. When the family took the Bendix back, John grew terribly 9. His mother
16、 10him, saying, You must remember, the machine never belonged to us 11. That we ever got to use it at all was a gift. So, instead of being mad at it being taken 12, lets use the 13to be grateful that we had it at all.The lesson turned out 14. Years later, John watched his eight-year-old daughter die
17、 a slow and painful death of leukemia（白血病）. 7. Aattached Bburdened Cconveyed Dloaded8. Aachieved Breduced Cdeveloped Dproduced9. Aconfused Bhopeless Cfrightened Dupset10.Ataught Bexplained Ccomforted Dencouraged11.Aat the first Bin the first place Cfirst of all Dfor the first time 12.Aout Baway Cup
18、Ddown13.Achance Btreasure Cevent DsuccessdevelopedupsetThe lesson turned out 14. Years later, John watched his eight-year-old daughter die a slow and painful death of leukemia（白血病）. Though 15, John couldnt begin getting over from the 16. Then the memory of the old Bendix came as a great 17.His daugh
19、ter was a 18. When he realized that simple fact, everything changed. He could now begin recovering from the death of his daughter. He started to see her as a marvelous gift that he was fortunate enough to 19for a time. He felt 20. He found strength and recovery. He knew he could get through the vall
20、ey of loss. 14.Areasonable Bnecessary Cworthless Dvaluable15.Amissing Bforgetting Cstruggling Dthinking16.Aillness Bdifficulty Closs Dlesson17.Adelivery Brelief Chope Dprofit18. Agift BWasher Cdeath DLoser 19.Ashare Bspend Clive Dearn20.AEager Benergetic Cgrateful Dcuriouslosssharegot/acquired the w
21、asher-developed a lovethe family took it back(being taken away)upset-be grateful-be grateful to have iteight-year-old daughter-love-diedcouldnt get over from the lossstrugglingfelt grateful/reliefbe fortunate enough to share for a time（2）、教会学生 “切入点”：因为完形填空强调的是篇章的整体性，所以如因为完形填空强调的是篇章的整体性，所以如果顺序讲解无法推出篇
22、章情节果顺序讲解无法推出篇章情节 ，我们就可以从，我们就可以从某一处有把握的空格进行突破和切入，然后再往某一处有把握的空格进行突破和切入，然后再往前推断往后承接，解出全篇，就像九连环一样，前推断往后承接，解出全篇，就像九连环一样，解开其中一环，其他环扣便迎刃而解。解开其中一环，其他环扣便迎刃而解。让我们以让我们以2013年福建卷为例：年福建卷为例：38. A. shared B. short C. fresh D. treasured39. A. passed B. raised C. moved D. sent40. A. home B. duty C. reality D. relief4
23、1. A. built B. lived C. remained D. exploredI am in Nova Scotia on a pilgrimage (朝圣) with Lise, my granddaughter, seeking roots for her, retracing (追溯) 38 memory for me. Lise was one of the mobile children, 39 from house to house in childhood. She longs for a sense of 40 , and so we have come to Nov
24、a Scotia where my husband and I were born and where our ancestors 41 for 200 years. livedhomemovedtreasured（3）、意群划分讲解法：这种方法适合不能明显给我们分出段落来区分语意的文章，这种方法适合不能明显给我们分出段落来区分语意的文章，这时，我们要根据语意和标志性词语进行意群划分来讲解，以这时，我们要根据语意和标志性词语进行意群划分来讲解，以便以意群主旨来框定解题思路，从而逐个意群击破，最后解开便以意群主旨来框定解题思路，从而逐个意群击破，最后解开全篇。以下面全篇。以下面2011年大纲全国
25、卷为例：年大纲全国卷为例：There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the _21_home from work in the evenings. A man will be_22_the newspaper, and seconds later it _23_ as if he is trying to _24_it. Or he will fall as
26、leep on the shoulder of the stranger_25_ next to him. _26_ place where unplanned short sleep _27_ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring（打鼾）（打鼾）so _28_that the professor has to ask another student to_29_ the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing（尴尬）（尴尬）situation occurs when a student
27、 starts falling into sleep and the _30_ of the head pushes the arm off the_31_, and the movement carries the_32_ of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no_33_ of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when _34_ . Police reports are Sleep on the bus or trainSleep in the le
28、cture hallA more embarrassing situationfall asleep when driving（4 4）、身临其境入定法：）、身临其境入定法：身临其境入定法身临其境入定法就是引导学生把自己当做是引导学生把自己当做是文章故事的主角文章故事的主角，进入情景和文章所设定的境进入情景和文章所设定的境界后界后，让自己的思维和想法让自己的思维和想法跟着文章思路行进跟着文章思路行进的一种的一种体会性讲解方法体会性讲解方法，因为完形填空多是叙因为完形填空多是叙事性文体，所以这种方法比较适合事性文体，所以这种方法比较适合。以2011年江苏卷高考为例：这篇完形介绍了一个孩子在放学回
29、家的路上看到了一个很大很诱人的苹果而想得到它所描写的一系列心理活动和行为活动。Seeingtheapplewantit-themorelookedatitthehungrier felt-stretching ashighascouldevenastallestlength -unabletotouch-begintojump upanddown-ashighascould-atthetopofeachjumpstretchingarmstogettheapple-stillitremainedoutof reach.notgivingupfindsthtostandondontwanttob
30、reakthethingsinschoolbag-lookingaround-tidy,nothingcouldusetostandonit-giveup-walkaway.2011年江苏卷（5 5）、利用设空关系讲解法：）、利用设空关系讲解法：、并列关系、并列关系：(2014全国新课标I)Theworldisfullof_stampalbumsandunfinishedmodels.A.well-organizedB.colorfully-printedC.newly-collectedD.half-filled、因果关系、因果关系（2014天津卷）Lookingatthelarge_apa
31、rtment,IbecameawareofhowlonelymymothermusthavebeeninBrazilherself.A.ComfortableB.ExpensiveC.EmptyD.Modern 、对比关系On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their childrens refusal to help with the 4 . On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when
32、parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.3. A. noisy B. crowded C. messy D. locked4. A. homework B. housework C. problem D. research5. A. washing B. using C. dropping D. replacing（2014广东卷） 、递进关系、递进关系Dalecametound
33、erstandthattheabilitytoexpressanideatoanaudiencebuildsapersonsconfidence.And,55it,Daleknewhecoulddoanythinghewantedtodoandsocouldothers.（2014江苏卷）55.A.besides B.beyondC.likeD.with、增补关系Hermotherfinallyallowedhertogo, _43_herkeepingclosetothehouseandnot_44_toofar.（2013辽宁卷）43.A.insistingonB.relyingonC.a
34、rguingonD.wonderingabout44.A.traveling B.runningC.ridingD.walking、转折关系：、转折关系：He shouted for help, 48 his wife, Brenda , was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite end of the house. （2012辽宁卷）辽宁卷） 48.A.and B.but C.or D.so3、关注命题趋势和最新考查动态。、关注命题趋势和最新考查动态。（1）、一词多义和名词动用增加，长句难句）、一词多义和名词动用增加，长句难句增多增多 、2014
35、北京卷北京卷 Who in our school could draw 50 well?” 50. A. very B. that C. quite D. too 2014天津卷天津卷 It was then 25 I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on balancing family and work . 25. A. when B. where C. which D. that、2014新课标卷IITheybothknewthatifSimon43alone,hewouldprobablygetbacksa
36、fely.43.A.climbedB.workedC.restedD.continued(2)、体裁开始多样化：、体裁开始多样化：(3)、词汇考查更加注重基础。、词汇考查更加注重基础。像kindness,finally，fit,perfect,promote和still,since,wonder,last等基础词汇，备考时要加以侧重(4)、重视对构词法项目的考查。、重视对构词法项目的考查。如2014年辽宁卷完形填空中出现的movable，acceptable,avoidable;2014年全国课标卷出现calmness，confusion，retiree，impatiently，worried
37、ly，well-organized，colorfully-printed，newly-collected，half-filled等词，许多考生似乎不认识，说明构词法复习不到位，影响了完形填空题得分。另外，对词汇考查的难度有所增加。比如2014年全国课标卷出现的obtain，principle，independence等，虽然都在考试说明的3000词汇范围内，但有些考生未能掌握。4、高考完形填空文章的再利用和反复利用、高考完形填空文章的再利用和反复利用2014年四川卷年四川卷My husband, Tom, has always been good with animals, but I was still amazed when he befriended a female grouse（松鸡）（松鸡）. Its 11 for a grouse to have any contact（接触）（接触）with people. In fact, theyre hard to spot, 12 they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.unsualbecause
