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1、Self-Organizing Networks: DoingMore with LessJames HaoWireless Basestation InfrastructureTexas InstrumentsExabytes (million terabytes)Triple Play (Mobile, TV, Internet)Operators want Heterogeneous NetworksOffload macro trafficOffer customized user-specific services at Homeor officeThe problemMobile
2、wireless data, per month0.090.20.61.22.201.510.543.532.52108% CAGR3.6houseMacro-base station layoutOne femto clusterMax femto BSareaGrowing complexityNetwork nodes from 202002000Parallel operation of multiple technologiesNumber & structure of parameters is complexvs. need for simplicityPlug and Play
3、 is crucial to cheap rolloutsCustomer service calls impact OPEXCourtesy: Cisco VNI Mobile Report, Femto ForumMax UE area200920102011201220132014Definitions: self organizing network (SON)Self configurationConfiguration of PHYparametersAutomatic NeighborRelationsSelf optimizationInterference Managemen
4、tand Capacity optimizationEnergy savingsSelf healingEvolution of SON work in industry groups Business cases Use cases Solution ideasStandardization Study SOCRATES, End-to-End Efficiency Project 2007-8 Femto Forum Interference Management study 2008-10 3GPP Standardization (ongoing) Use cases are bein
5、g developed by Radio Access Network group,TR 36.902 O&M principles and functionality being defined by ServiceArchitecture group, TS 32.521 What should be normative? “the UE shall” is a pretty common phrase in RAN specs. Do weneed phrases starting with “the eNB shall.”? How much of it do weneed?SON w
6、ithin TI Texas Instruments began looking at SON in 2008 Objective Look at how OEMs can integrate SON solutions quickly Goals Assess impact on processor Assess impact on hardware interfaces for a femto solution Approach Try to understand potential SON solutions How do these solutions impact processor
7、, accelerator and analoginterfacesCentralizedInputOutputInputIP mappingInputInputInputDistributedOutputOutputOutputOutputOutputOutputOutputOutputOutputInputInputInputInputInputInputInputTR 36.902: SON use casesOperatorOperator/OEMRRMCoreNetworkCapacity & coverageoptimizationPhysical cell identitycon
8、figurationAutomatic Neighbor RelationRACH optimizationEnergy savingsMobility robustoptimizationMobility loadbalancing optimizationInterference reductionOEM /Inter-cell interferencecoordination (ICIC)SemiconductorMAC/RLC/PDCPPHYSemiconductorVarying levels of impact on processor and hardware. Varying
9、prioritiesInputInputOutputOutputInputInputOperatorHigh impact use cases to semiconductorvendorsMandatory + Proprietary messaging (S1 / X2)PHYSemiconductorCore NetworkEnergy SavingsOperator/VendorRRM/RRCInterference reductionSemiconductor/VendorMAC/RLC/PDCPMandatory + Proprietary measurements (Softwa
10、re / Hardware)Interference reductionFrequencyPlanning over20 MHz5105Macro-base station layouthouseOne femto clusterMax femto BSareaMax UE areaHeterogeneous Network ScenarioCo-channel Macro/Femto cells Question 0 Can operators deployHeterogeneous Femtonetworks using Rel-8 LTE? Question 1 How do femto
11、 cells impactperformance of existingmacro deployments? Question 2 How is femto performanceimpacted in the presenceof interference from macrocells?Percentage of UEs with bitrate 1 MbpsPacket Delay in milliseconds (90 percentile)SON: interference managementMacrocell performance impact due to presence
12、of femtocells1. Without SON: very adverse impact to macro layer2. With SON: Macro-layer performance almost as if no interference fromfemtocells3. Femto layer still able to provide 10Mbps service to each UE1009080706050403020100Macro only (noFemtocells)Het-Net withoutSONClosed-loopPower Control120010
13、008006004002000Macro only (noFemtocells)Het-Net withoutSONClosed-loopPower ControlInterference, not noise, is the problemback off transmit powerSON energy savings: network levelTrack UEs at the networkTurns Femto OFFHomeOfficeTurns Femto ONCore Network tracks the UEs movementSyncs up with the Closed
14、 Subscriber List for the UEs relevant femtosCan we have hibernate states for femtos? What lies between ON/OFF?Home eNode BNetworkBoard / ChipTransmit power (Watts)Control Transmit Power in eNBSON energy savings: Home eNode BAverage Transmit Power0.250.20.150.10.05Macro LayerFemto LayerHome eNode BNe
15、tworkBoard / Chip0Macro only Het-Net without Het-Net withoutSON SONExample: Energy Savings at Network TX power reduced by 2 times formacro and 6 times femto Transmit power drives 25% offemto power consumptionAnalysis The algorithm backs off aggressiveinterferers that exceed target SINRHow do we set
16、operating pointsfor analog front-ends?SON energy savings: board/chip levelSwitch from MIMO to SIMOWhich option is best?ProcessorProcessorRX chainTX chain1TX, 1RX1TX, 1RXHome eNode BNetworkBoard / ChipL3 (RRM / RRC) ControlMAC LibrarySON SupportLibrarySON system and architecture impact Minimal additi
17、onalsoftware Layer 1: Re-usemandatorymeasurements Layer 3: Small memory andMIPS overheadMacroDSPDSPNetworkCo-processorSONAlgorithmLibraryDSPNetworkCo-processor DSP/analog Rx chaininterface Network Listen Mode(NLM): Receive chainfor DL freq. Energy savings: Scalingdown from 2TX/2RX to1TX/RXFemtoDSP D
18、SP DSP NetworkCo-processorRLC / PDCP LibrariesMAC SchedulerLibraryLTE Symbol Foundation LibraryRate PHY Libraries Signal Proc / Matrix Math / FFT / FIRRTOS(DSP/ BIOS)DSPChip Support AcceleratorLibrary Co-processor drivesHardware (Nyquist N x C64+)Tx ChainRx ChainNLMNext steps Learning from SON Inter
19、ference System studyand evaluation SON algorithms reduce power consumption This minimizes interference guaranteed minimumcapacity and good QoS critical for HetNet deployments TI standards team is engaged with RAN1/2 looking at powercontrol techniques SON is fully supported by TIs programmableC6x-based Multicore SoC Architecture Partnering to demonstrate working SON systemon this platformThank you!James HaoWireless Basestation InfrastructureTexas Instrumentsjames-
