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1、Unit 3A taste of English humourLearningaboutlanguage必修四必修四NounVerbAdjectiveAdverbfortune-contentment-perform-fortunatefortunatelycontentedcontentcontentedlyperformer/performanceperformingDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressions1 Fill in the chart.NounVerbAdjectiveAdverbhumourastonish-mentborecharmentert
2、ain-menthumourhumoroushumorouslyastonishastonishingastonishinglyborebored,boringboringlycharmcharmingcharminglyentertain entertaining entertaininglyInthe1990s,Mr.BeanbecameastarusingmimetohighlightdifficultsocialsituationsmuchasCharlieChaplinhaddone.Hismethodofactingwastoappear_,lookaroundandthendoe
3、xactlythewrongthing.Childrenparticularlywouldburstinto_athisbehavior.Healwaysmanagedto_thosethingsthatpeopleareafraidofdoing uncertainlaughterpickoutAnswers to Exercise 2.becausetheydonotwanttoappearasocial_.Ononeoccasioninarestaurantheorderedasteaktartare.Whentheuncookedmeatarrivedhewas_byshamebeca
4、usehecouldnoteatit.He_apieceofmeatandpretendedto_amouthfulbutinsteadputitintotheplantpotbesidehim.Heputotherpiecesintohispocket.failureovercomecutoffchew_themealheseemedtoshowgreat_inhisfood.Hewassuchan_performerthatwhenhefinishedeatinghisdinner,thewaiterofferedhimthesamedishagainatnoextra_!Througho
5、utenjoymentoutstandingchargeoccasionn.(事情发生的事情发生的)时刻时刻;时候时候;场合场合Weshouldkeepquietonsuchanoccasion.在这种场合我们应该保持安静。在这种场合我们应该保持安静。Onanotheroccasion,helandedinadesertedcarpark.还有一次还有一次,他在一个废弃的停车场着陆。他在一个废弃的停车场着陆。onoccasion有时有时;偶尔偶尔onthis/thatoccasion此时此时(那时那时)ononeoccasion有一次有一次;曾经曾经ontheoccasionof在在的时候的时
6、候;值此之际值此之际Exercise3onPage20Sampledialogue:IS1:Illbe better offifIcancomebacktomychildhoodbecauseIfindmylittlesisterhasabetterlifethanme.S2:Butyoullbe worse offifyoursisterfeelsenvyatyou.IIS1:Iwillbe better offifIhaveachancetostudyabroadbecauseIcanpickupEnglish.S2:Butyouwillfinditis worse offwhenlivi
7、ngabroad,withoutaparentoraclosefriendtocareforyou.Readthesentencesfromthetextandpayattentiontotheunderlinedparts.1.YoumayfinditastonishingthatCharliewastaughttosing2.2.Hegrewmoreandmorepopularashischarmingcharacter,thelittletramp,became3.3.Theactingissoconvincingthatitmakesyoubelievethatitisoneofthe
8、4.4.-hissubtleactingmadeeverythingentertaining.objectcomplementattributepredicativesubjectTheingformasthePredictive,AttributiveandObjectComplement-ing形式作主语形式作主语1.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.对他说话等于对牛弹琴。对他说话等于对牛弹琴。2.Smokingmaycausecancer.吸烟会致癌。吸烟会致癌。3.Walkingismysoleexercise.散步是我唯一的运动。散步是我唯一的运动。4.Tal
9、kingmendsnoholes.(谚谚)空谈无济于事。空谈无济于事。-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语5.Isuggestbringingthemeetingtoanend.我建议结束会议。我建议结束会议。6.Headmittedtakingthemoney.他承认钱是他拿的。他承认钱是他拿的。7.Icouldnthelplaughing.我禁不住笑了起来。我禁不住笑了起来。8.Yourcoatneedsbrushing.你的大衣需要刷一下。你的大衣需要刷一下。1.单个动词的单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面被修饰名词的前面,既可以表示被修饰既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功
10、能者的作用或功能,也可以表示被修饰者也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。的动作或状态。如：如：buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料建筑材料-ing形式作定语形式作定语drinkingwater=waterfordrinking饮用水饮用水awalkingstick=astickforwalking手杖手杖areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室阅览室awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台写字台 tiringmusic=musicthatistiring烦人的音乐烦人的音乐asurprisingresult
11、=aresultthatissurprising一个惊人的结果一个惊人的结果2.ing形式短语作定语时形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的放在所修饰的名词之后名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。定语从句。如：如：Theylivedinaroomfacing the street.=Theylivedinaroomthat faces the street.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。他们住在一间面朝街的房子。Theman standing there isPetersfather.=Theman who is standing there isPetersfather.站在
12、那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。Anybodyswimming in this riverwillbefined.=Anybodywho is swimming in this riverwillbefined.在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。3.-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语形式短语也可以用作非限制定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句相当于一个非限制性定语从句,这时这时,它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：如：Hisbrother,working as a teacher,livesinBeijin
13、g.=Hisbrother,who is working as a teacher,livesinBeijing.他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。Theappletree,swaying gently in the breeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.=Theappletree,which was swaying gently in the breeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.那棵苹果树硕果累累那棵苹果树硕果累累, , 在微风中轻轻摇曳在微风中轻轻摇曳。1.动词动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面宾语后面,
14、表示一个正在进行的主动性表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。强调一个过程或一种状态。如如：Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.当我们回到学校时当我们回到学校时,发现一个陌生人发现一个陌生人站在大门口。站在大门口。-ing形式作宾语补足语形式作宾语补足语Wefoundthecateatingamouse.我们发现那只猫正在吃老鼠。我们发现那只猫正在吃老鼠。Ifoundabaglyingontheground.我发现地板上放着一个包。我发现地板上放着一个包。Thebosskeptt
15、heworkersworkingthewholenight.那老板让工人整夜地工作。那老板让工人整夜地工作。2.当主句转换为被动结构时当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作原来作宾语补足语的动词宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为形式便转换为主语补足语。主语补足语。如：如：Theyfoundtheresultverysatisfying.=Theresultisfoundverysatisfying.这个结果很令人满意。这个结果很令人满意。Theyheardhimsinginginthenextroom.=Hewasheardsinginginthenextroom.有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。有人听到
16、他在隔壁房间唱歌。Wemustntkeepthemwaiting.=Theymustntbekeptwaiting.千万不能让他们等。千万不能让他们等。3.能用能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词表示感觉和心理状态的动词,常见的有常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。等。如：如：Wesawalightburninginthewindow.Ifeltsomebodypatting meontheshoulder.Canyousmellanythingbur
17、ning?Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylooking athimcuriously.Listentothebirdssinging.Ididntnoticehimwaiting.2)表示指使意义的动词表示指使意义的动词,常见的有常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。等。如：如：Iwonthaveyou doing that.Thisset methinking.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Icantget theclockgoingagain.Youwontcatchmedoingthatagain.你看
18、吧你看吧,我决不会做那种事了。我决不会做那种事了。4.see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用等动词之后用-ing形式形式.和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：前者表示动作正在进行前者表示动作正在进行,而后者表示而后者表示(或强调或强调)动作从开始到结束的全过程。动作从开始到结束的全过程。如如:Wepassedbytheclassmatesandsawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.我们走过教室我们走过教室,看见老师在做实验。看见老师在做实验。(只在走过教室的刹那间只在走过教室的刹那间,看见老师正在做实验看见老师正在做实验)We
19、satforanhourandwatchedtheteachermaketheexperiment.我们坐了一个小时我们坐了一个小时,看老师做实验。看老师做实验。(一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验)如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词,动词不定式动词不定式短语表示一次动作短语表示一次动作,而而-ing形式则表示反复动作。形式则表示反复动作。e.g.Weheardthedoorslam.Weheardthedoorslamming. (反复动作反复动作)(一次动作一次动作)-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后形式作表语时放在系动词之后,用来泛指用来泛指某
20、种动作或行为某种动作或行为,以说明主语的身份、性质或以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。情况。如：如：Herhobbyispainting.她的业余爱好是画画。她的业余爱好是画画。Myjobislooking after the children.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。Hisconcernforhismotherismost touching.他对母亲的关爱很感人。他对母亲的关爱很感人。-ing形式作表语形式作表语1.The_boywaslastseen_nearthebankofthelake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.miss
21、ed;playedD.missed;toplay解析解析:missing是形容词是形容词,作作boy的定语的定语,意思是意思是“失踪的失踪的”。waslastseenplaying表示被看见时正在玩。表示被看见时正在玩。A2.Mr.Smith,_ofthe_speech,startedtoreadanovel.A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring解析解析:此题考查现在分词与过去分词的区别。此题考查现在分词与过去分词的区别。tired,moved,interestedexcited等过去分词等过去分词叙述的是人的本身感受
22、叙述的是人的本身感受;tiring,moving,interesting,exciting等现在分词叙述的是某等现在分词叙述的是某一物或事情给予人的感受。一物或事情给予人的感受。A3.Whenwewatchedthenationalflag_intheOlympicGamesonTV,weraisedacheer.A.riseB.beingrisenC.raisedD.beingraised解析解析:本题考查分词作补语本题考查分词作补语,rise是不及物动词是不及物动词,先排除先排除A、B两项两项,国旗是被人们升起的国旗是被人们升起的,应该用分词的被动形式应该用分词的被动形式,句意为句意为:当
23、看到电视中当看到电视中奥林匹克运动会上国旗正在被升起时奥林匹克运动会上国旗正在被升起时,我们我们欢呼起来。欢呼起来。D4.Wesatthere,_withwhatwelistenedto.A.satisfyingB.tosatisfyC.contentedD.content解析解析:本题考查动词用法。本题考查动词用法。satisfied表示表示“感到满意的感到满意的”,把把A、B两项排除两项排除;content既是形容词既是形容词,又是动词又是动词,becontentedwith“对对满足满足”。D5.Hewasinhospitalforsixmonths.Hefeltasifhewas_fr
24、omtheoutsideworld.A.cutoutB.cutoffC.cutupD.cutthrough解析：解析：B。cutout的意思是的意思是“切下；删切下；删除除”，cutoff意思是意思是“切断；使切断；使(人、人、城镇城镇)孤立孤立”，cutup的意思是的意思是“切碎切碎”，cutthrough的意思是的意思是“穿越穿越”。6.Whydidyougobacktotheshop?Ileftmyson_there.A.waitB.towaitC.waitingD.waits解析：解析：C。本题考查分词作补语，。本题考查分词作补语，leave在这意思是在这意思是“让让处于处于状态状态”
25、。1.Shewasofferedthe_(lead)roleinthe2.newfilm.3.2.Seeingthesun_(rise)abovethesurfaceofthesea,allofusbegantotakephotos.4.3.Asthestonewastooheavytomove,Ileftit_(lie)ontheground.5.4.Haventyouseenthesign,_(read)“NOPHOTOS”?ImreallysorryIdidnt.5.Thecommentswhichhemade_(concern)marketingbotheredhisbossgreat
26、ly.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofeachgivenword.leadingrisinglyingreadingconcerning 1.IcantimagineBilly_amotorbike.2.Didyouhearthesomeonedownstairs_atthedoor?3.Frankisverygoodattellingfunnyjokes.Hecanbevery_.4.Youcantstopme_whatIwant.Completethesentenceswithawordfromthebox.astonish,depress,play,
27、do,ride,amuse,knockridingknockingamusingdoing5.Youmayfindit_thathemadeprogressinsuchashorttime.6.Mostpeopleconsiderit_thatitkeepsrainingforawholeweek.7.WhenIcameoutofthetheatre,Inoticedagroupofchildren_musicalinstrumentsacrossthestreet.astonishingdepressingplaying1.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisf
28、ound_inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked2.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryoutBC单项选择单项选择3.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed4.Whenwegotbackfromthecinema,wefou
29、ndthelamp_butthedoor_.A.beingon;shutB.burning;shuttingC.burning;shutD.on;shuttingCC5.Therewasaterriblenoise_thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed6.TellMarythattheressomeone_forheratthedoor.A.waitingB.waitedC.waitsD.towait7.The_waitercameuptousandsaid,“Youarewelcome
30、.”A.smilingB.smiledC.smileD.tosmileBAA8.Theresultofthetestwasrather_.A.disappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.disappoint9.People_inthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.A.liveB.toliveC.livedD.living10.Thelibrarysstudyroomisfullofstudents_fortheexam.A.busilypreparedB.busypreparingC.busily
31、prepareD.arebusilypreparingBD B11.Itsreallyterribletohaveabus_another,whichwillcausean_accident.A.knockedup;astonishedB.bumpedinto;astonishingC.knockedinto;astonishedD.bumpedup;astonishingB12.NewZealandisan_country;youcanhear_everywhere.A.Englishspoken;English-speakingB.English-spoken;spokenEnglishC
32、.English-speaking;speakingEnglishD.English-speaking;EnglishspokenD 13.WhenIcamein,IsawDr.Li_apatient.A.examineB.examingC.toexamD.examined14.Whenheawoke,hefoundhimself_byanoldwoman.A.lookedafterB.belookedafterC.beinglookedafterD.belookingafter15.Sittingbyherside,Icouldfeelherheart_.A.beatenB.tobeatC.beatingD.tobebeatingC CB1.Summarizetherulesofthegrammarinyourownway.2.Finishtheexercisesof“Discovering useful structures”onPage21.
