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1、LanguageuReportingstatementsuReportingquestionsuReportinginstructionsandrequestsDirect Speech & Reported SpeechThedirectorsaid,Weneedanothercontestantbeforetheshowbegins.(直接引语直接引语)Thedirectorsaidthattheyneededanothercontestbeforetheshowbegan.(间接引语间接引语)Lookatthefollowingsentencesandfollowingpicturesa
2、ndlearnaboutdirectspeechandreportedspeech:DongRinaaskedLiuXiang,Doyouhaveconfidenceinwinningtherace?DongRinaaskedLiuXiangif/whetherhehadconfidenceinwinningtherace.LiuXiangcried,Myanklehurtsbadly.LiuXiangcriedthathisanklehurtbadly.LiuXiangtoldhisparents,IwillnotgiveupandIwillbeevenstronger.LiuXiangto
3、ldhisparentsthathewouldnotgiveandhewouldbeevenstronger.LiuXiangsparentstoldtheaudiencethattheyhadsuggestedtheirsongettingmarriedthenextyear.LiuXiangparentstoldtheaudience,Wesuggestedoursongettingmarriednextyear.LiuXiangscoachtoldthereportersthatLiuXianghadbeentrainingtoohard.LiuXiangcoachtoldtherepo
4、rters,LiuXianghasbeentrainingtoohard.Direct Speech & Reported Speech直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech直接引述直接引述别人的话别人的话,叫叫“直接引语直接引语”;用自己的话用自己的话转述转述别人的话叫别人的话叫“间接引间接引语语”;直接引语一般前后要加引号直接引语一般前后要加引号;间间接引语不用引号接引语不用引号,用宾语从句来表达。用宾语从句来表达。如如:Johnsaid,“Ilikereadingverymuch.”(直接引语直接引语)Johnsaidthathel
5、ikedreadingverymuch.(间接引语间接引语)直接引语变间接引语及其注意事项直接引语变间接引语及其注意事项直接引语变间接引语就是写成宾语从直接引语变间接引语就是写成宾语从句或动词不定式短语句或动词不定式短语, 要注意以下几要注意以下几点点: 人称变化人称变化、时态变化时态变化、指示代词指示代词、时间状语时间状语和和地点状语地点状语的变化、宾语从的变化、宾语从句要用句要用陈述句的语序陈述句的语序。1)人称人称的变化。如：的变化。如：Hesaid,“Youareright.”-HesaidthatIwasright.直接引语在变间接引语的时候遵循直接引语在变间接引语的时候遵循以下规律
6、：以下规律：一主、二宾、三不变一主、二宾、三不变。“一主一主”指在直接引语中的第一指在直接引语中的第一人称变为间接引语时人称变为间接引语时,要和主句中要和主句中的主语在人称上保持一致。的主语在人称上保持一致。如：如：Hesaid,“Iamforty,”Hesaidthathewasforty.“二宾二宾”指直接引语中的第二人称变指直接引语中的第二人称变为间接引语时为间接引语时,要和主句中的间接要和主句中的间接宾语保持人称一致。宾语保持人称一致。如如:Hesaid,“Areyoucomingtomorrow?”HeaskedmeifIwascomingthenextday.“三不变三不变”指直接
7、引语中的第三指直接引语中的第三人称变为间接引语时人称变为间接引语时,人称不变。人称不变。如如:Hesaid,“IssheanEnglishteacher?”HeaskedifshewasanEnglishteacher.另外注意另外注意直接引语为复数直接引语为复数,引述者主语引述者主语为单数为单数,间接引语主语相应变复数。间接引语主语相应变复数。如如:Hesaid,“AreyouinterestedinEnglish?”Heaskedme/usifIwas/wewereinterestedinEnglish.2)时态时态的变化。如的变化。如:Theteachertoldhisstudents,
8、“Ihavebeenawayfromhomeforovertenyears.”-Theteachertoldhisstudentsthatshehadbeenawayfromhomeforovertenyears.直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。需要做相应的调整。现在时它需改现在时它需改为过去时态为过去时态;现在完成时改为过去完现在完成时改为过去完成时成时;过去时态改为过去完成时过去时态改为过去完成时;一一般将来时变为过去将来时般将来时变为过去将来时;过去完成过去完成时则保留原来的时态。时则保留原来的时态。如：如：Thingstorememberd
9、irectspeechreportedspeechsimplepresentsimplepastpresentprogressivepastprogressivepresentperfectpastperfectsimplefuturepastfuturesimplepastpastperfectpastperfectpastperfect1)Shesaid.“Ihavelostapen.”Shesaidshehadlostapen.2)Shesaid.“Wehopeso.”Shesaidtheyhopedso.3)Shesaid,“Hewillgotoseehisfriend.”Shesai
10、dhewouldgotoseehisfriend.4)Shesaid,“Imadelotsofdramaprogrammesatmylaststation.Shesaidshehadmadelotsofdramaprogrammesatherlaststation.注意注意但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化。时态一般不变化。直接引语是客观真理。直接引语是客观真理。直接引语是过去进行时直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。时态不变。直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语月、某日作状语,
11、变为间接引语时变为间接引语时,时态不变。时态不变。直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接变间接引语引语,时态不变。时态不变。3)时间状语和地点状语的变化时间状语和地点状语的变化Shesaid,“IvisitedEuropelastyear.”-ShesaidthatshehadvisitedEuropetheyearbeforelast.直接引语变间接引语时直接引语变间接引语时,有些时间状有些时间状语根据情况也要相应的改动。语根据情况也要相应的改动。如如:如将如将now改为改为then,将将today改为改为th
12、atday,将将tonight改为改为thatnight,将将yesterday改为改为thedaybefore,将将thismonth改为改为thatmonth,将将lastweek改为改为theweekbefore,将将threeyearsago改为改为threeyearsbefore,将将tomorrow改改为为thenextday,将将nextyear改为改为thenextyear,等等。等等。地点状语的变化地点状语的变化主要涉及的地点状语是主要涉及的地点状语是here,它在间它在间接引语中通常要变为接引语中通常要变为there。如如:“Iliveherenow.”hesaid.他说。
13、如他说。如:“我现在住在这里。我现在住在这里。”Hesaidthathelivedtherethen.他说他说他当时住在那儿。他当时住在那儿。若在当地转述若在当地转述,则则here也可不必改为也可不必改为there。AnewmanagerhasjoinedSKYTV.Onherfirstday,shegaveatalktoherstaff.Later,oneofthemJoseph,toldafriendwhatthemanagersaid.ReadherspeechandthenreadJosephsreport.Drawalineunderthemanagersverbsandpronou
14、nsinJosephsreport.Notehowtheyhavechanged.Themanagersdirectspeech1.Iamyournewstationmanager.2.MynameisMaryLim.3.YoucancallmeMary.4.Ihavebeenhereforonlytwodays.5.Iplantomakelotsofchanges.6.Imadelotsofdramaprogrammesatmylaststation.7.Idontwanttodothesamehere.8.Myplanswillbereadysoon.Josephsreportedspee
15、chShesaidshewasournewstationmanager.ShesaidhernamewasMaryLim.SheaddedthatwecouldcallherMary.Shesaidshehadbeenhereforonlytwodays.Shesaidthatsheplannedtomakelotsofchanges.Shesaidshehadmadelotsofdramaprogrammesatherlaststation.Shesaidthatshedidntwanttodothesamehere.Shementionedherplanswouldbereadysoon.
16、1.Hesaid,“Iamnotyourfriend.”2.Shesaid“Iwillcomethismorning.”3.Shesaid,“Iwentthereyesterday.”Hesaidthathewasnotmyfriend.Shesaidthatshewouldcomethatmorning.Shesaidthatshehadgonetherethedaybefore.Exercises: 将下列直接引语变为间接引语。将下列直接引语变为间接引语。4.“Wewontbefreetonight,”thestudentssaid.5.“Iamexpectingaletterfrommy
17、mother,”Bettysaid.6.Hesaid,“Mysisterwasherethreedaysago.”Thestudentssaidthattheywouldntbefreethatnight.Bettysaidthatshewasexpectingaletterfromhermother.Hesaidthathissisterhadbeentherethreedaysbefore.BReportingquestionsBReportingquestions直接引语变间接引语时直接引语变间接引语时,应注意掌握以下应注意掌握以下规律：规律：1)陈述句由陈述句由that引导（引导（th
18、at常可省略常可省略)MothersaidtoMary:“YoucanwatchTVwhenyoufinishyourhomework.”-MothertoldMary (that) shecouldwatchTVwhenshefinishedherhomework.Shesaidtome,“IlikeEnglishverymuch.”-Shesaidtome(that)shelikedEnglishverymuch.2)一般疑问句变为间接引语时一般疑问句变为间接引语时,须由须由从属连词从属连词whether/if引导引导,whether/if之前多用之前多用ask等动词。词等动词。词序也一律
19、变为陈述的语序。序也一律变为陈述的语序。例如例如: Heaskedme,“DoyouknowJohn?”-Heaskedme whetherIknewJohn.Theteacheraskedme,“DoyoulikeEnglish?”-TheteacheraskedmeifIlikedEnglish.3)特殊疑问句变为间接引语时特殊疑问句变为间接引语时,疑问词疑问词变为连接词变为连接词,引导间接引语引导间接引语,词序也词序也变为陈述语序。变为陈述语序。例如：例如：Hesaid,“Wherehaveyoubeen?”-Heaskedme whereIhadbeen.“Howmanypagesha
20、veyoureadtoday?”Johnaskedme.-Johnaskedmehow manypagesIhadreadthatday.Alanisgoingtodirectanewfilm.HeaskedRoddy,oneoftheactors,somequestions.RoddytoldhisfriendaboutAlansquestionslater.HelpRoddychangeAlansquestionsintoreportedspeech,usingasked if/whether,orasked wh-questions.1.WhatisyourChinesename?_2.
21、Howoldareyou?_3.Whereareyoufrom?_HeaskedmewhatmyChinesenamewas.HeaskedhowoldIwas.HeaskedwhereIwasfrom.4.Areyouastudent?_5.Canyouunderstandme?_6.Areyouready?_7.Doyouknowwhattodo?_HeaskedifIwasastudent.HeaskedwhetherIcouldunderstandhim.HeaskedwhetherIwasready.HeaskedifIknewwhattodo.将下列直接引语变为间接引语：将下列直接
22、引语变为间接引语：1.Mikeaskedme,“Whenwilltheirplane land?”2.Heasked:“WherehasLiMing gone?”Mikeaskedmewhentheirplanewouldland.HeaskedwhereLiMinghadgone.3.Saraasked,“Willyoucometothelecturethisafternoon?”4.Theteacherasked,“DidyouwatchTVyesterday?”SaraaskedifIwouldcometothelecturethatafternoon.Theteacheraskedwh
23、etherIhadwatchedTVthedaybefore.CReportinginstructionsCReportinginstructionsandrequestsandrequests祈使句变成间接引语时祈使句变成间接引语时,根据说话人的语根据说话人的语气分别用气分别用tell、ask、order、beg等作谓语等作谓语,将原来的祈使句改为将原来的祈使句改为动词不定式动词不定式。1)said(to)改为改为asked(或或told,ordered);2)saidto的宾语或呼语变为的宾语或呼语变为asked等的宾语等的宾语;3)在动词原形前加在动词原形前加to,使之成为动词不定式；使
24、之成为动词不定式；4)去掉去掉please。如如:用歌诀来记忆直接引语为祈使句用歌诀来记忆直接引语为祈使句变为间接引语变为间接引语:去掉引号要加去掉引号要加to,asked、ordered加加“告诉告诉”(told),直引若为否定句，直引若为否定句，not加在加在to前面。前面。Alanisdirectingafilm.Somethingsarewrong,andhewantsthemtobeputright.CompleteAlansinstructionsorrequestsandthenreportthemtoyourpartner.Thingsthatarewrong:1.Therea
25、renotenoughlights.2.Lindaisspeakingtooquietly.3.Theaudienceismakingtoomuchnoise.4.Themicrophoneisswitchedoff.5.Thevolumeisnothighenough.6.Victorisspeakingtoofast.WhatAlansays:1._.2._,Linda.3.Dont_so_,please.4.Switch_,5.Turn_.6.Dont_,please.GetmorelightsSpeakloudermakemuchnoiseonthemicrophoneupthevol
26、umespeaktoofast1._(tell)thelightingcontroller_.2._(tell)Linda_.3._(ask)theaudience_.4._(order)theproductionassistant_.HetoldtogetmorelightsHetoldtospeaklouderHeaskednottomakesomuchnoiseHeorderedtoswitchonthemicrophone5._(tell)thesoundengineer_.6._(ask)Victor_.HeaskednottospeaktoofastHetoldtoturnupth
27、evolume变下列直接引语为间接引语。变下列直接引语为间接引语。1.“Stoptalking!”themonitorsaidtotheclass.2.“Repeatitthreetimes,”theteachersaidtoher.Themonitortoldtheclasstostoptalking.Theteacheraskedhertorepeatitthreetimes.3.“Willyoubuysomebreadforme?”hesaidtoher.4.“Donttakeoffyourcoat,”shesaidtohersister.5.“Stayhere!”theofficers
28、aidtothesoldier.Heaskedhertobuysomebreadforhim.Sheaskedhersisternottotakeoffhercoat.Theofficerorderedthesoldiertostaythere.单项选择。单项选择。1.Blackaskedme,“Whyhaventyoulefthereyet?”Blackaskedmewhy_yet.A.IhadntleftthereB.IhaventlefthereC.hadntIleftthereD.haventIlefthereA2.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”
29、Jacktoldmethat_worried_.A.helook;todayB.youlook;todayC.welooked;thatdayD.Ilooked;thatdayD3.Wesaidtoher,“Theyrewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat_throughthestreet_.A.wewerewalking;thenB.youarewalking;nowC.theywerewalking;thenD.theywalking;nowC4.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek.”MrBlack
30、saidthat_alongway_.A.Ihadwalked;lastweekB.hehadwalked;thatweekC.Iwalked;lastweekD.hehaswalked;thisweekB在下列间接引语中的空白处填上适当的词在下列间接引语中的空白处填上适当的词语。语。1.“Iamdoingsomeimportantwork,”Mr2.Smithsaid.MrSmithsaid_someimportantwork.2.“Whoareyoulookingfor?”TomaskedSandy.TomaskedSandy_.3.“DoyouwantmetohelpyouwithyourEnglish?”askedhe.hewasdoingwhohewaslookingforHeasked_helpmewith_English.4.“Iwanttoknowifyoucanlearnitbyyourselves,”theteachersaid.Theteachersaid_toknowifwe_itby_.whetherIwantedhimtomyshewantedcouldlearnourselvesBye!Thanksforlistening!
