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1、1When you consider the career path you want to follow，it is useful to think about jobs in categories.(P6)考虑你要经历的求职之路时，把它们分类思考是有帮助的。Its adj.(of/for sb.) to do sth.是一种常用的句型结构。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。形容词通常是necessary，important，dangerous，difficult，hard，easy，impossible等表示事物的特点或特征时，用for；当形容词是kind，nice，good，
2、bad，wise，clever，silly，foolish，careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful，grateful等表示人的特征或特点时，须用of。Its very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。Its very kind of you to help me.你能帮我，真好。a practical method实用的方法；有效的方法a practical proposal切实可行的建议for (all) practical purposes实际上For all p
3、ractical purposes，it was useless.实际上它毫无用处。Yours is a practical proposal.你的建议切实可行。including prep.包括 (用于表示某人或某物是前面谈及的整体的一部分，用于名词或代词前)included adj.被包括的；包含的 (用于名词或代词后)There are twelve of us，including Tom.我们共有12人，包括汤姆。Everyone has to go to the dentists，you included.每个人都得去看牙医，包括你在内。include/containinclude表
4、示“包括”，侧重包含者只是整体中的一部分。contain表示“包含，含有”，侧重于含有某物或某种成分，还可表示克制某种强烈的感情。4Included in this category are singers，actors and musicians.(P6)这种分类中包括歌手、演员和音乐家。本句是一个完全倒装句，其结构是：表语be主语。主语太长，为了平衡句子结构的需要，将表语提前。充当表语的主要有形容词、现在分词和过去分词。Present at the meeting are ten famous writers.十位著名作家出席了这次会议。Standing inside were lots
5、of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又大又黑的奇怪生物。Located in the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower，which is often called the CN Tower for short.加拿大国家电视塔坐落于多伦多市中心，常被简称为CN塔。【教师备课资源】常用完全倒装结构的情况还有：表示地点的副词或介词短语be/lie/sit/stand/come/go/run/fly主语(必须是名词)。表示时间的副词no
6、w/then come主语(必须是名词)。教我们英语的刘老师出席了这次聚会。 ，who taught us English.【答案】Growing on the hillsides areGone are the daysPresent at the party was Mr.Liu5be based on建立于基础之上There is also a new category of jobs that are based on information technology，such as computer software engineers.(P6)也有以信息科技为基础的新工作种类，例如电脑
7、软件工程师。This story is based on facts.这故事是有事实根据的。Most business or economic relations are based on trust.多数商业或经济关系都是建立在信任的基础之上的。base vt.把建立在；以为基础n.基础；基地；根据地base.on把建立于基础之上establish/build/set up a base for.建立的基地One should always base ones opinion on facts.我们应总是把自己的观点建立在事实的基础上。The company has set up its n
8、ew base in the north.这家公司在北部设立了新的基地。【对接高考】(2012江苏高考) an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.ABasedBBasingCBase DTo base【解析】句意：如果把一个重要决定更多地建立在情感上而不是理智上，你迟早会后悔的。根据题目与选项可知本题考查非谓语动词，C项是谓语动词，首先排除。A项过去分词表示被动，但句子的主语不是base的承受者，因此A项应排除。B项和D项都表示主动，但不定式表示将来，在句中常
9、作目的或结果状语，与句意不符。动词base和逻辑主语you之间为主谓关系，故答案为B。【答案】B6as well也；还Do not forget that there are public service jobs as well，such as police officers and firefighters.(P6)别忘了还有公共服务行业，比如警察和消防员。He speaks English and Spanish as well.他既能说英语，也能说西班牙语。may/might as well 不妨；还是的好as well as 不但而且；既又；和一样好pretty well 几乎；差不
10、多I neednt wait.I may as well tell you now.我不必等了，不妨现在就告诉你。Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。Hes pretty well finished his latest book already.他最近的一本书已差不多完成了。【提示】as well常用作状语，作“又；也”解，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开。as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词短语等。它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主
11、语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；翻译时要先译后面，再译前面。而用not only.but also.连接时，谓语动词与后一项一致。【教师备课资源】用作介词时，as well as相当于besides，in addition to，意思为“除之外”，后面通常接名词或动词，尤其是位于句首时。7get on with进步；进展；继续做；与相处I had better stop thinking about jobs and get on with my homework.(P7)我最好停止思考关于工作的问题，继续做我的家庭作业。I find it hard to get on with my colle
12、agues.我发现和同事相处很难。Hed rather just get on with his job.他宁愿只是做好自己的本职工作。get on 进行；上车；上马；变老get in插话；收获；到达get over克服(困难等)；(从疾病等中)恢复过来get through通过；拨通(电话)；做完；用光(钱等)；吃光(食物等)They got on at this station.他们是在这个站上的车。The farmers are getting the crops in now that they are ripe.庄稼熟了，农民正在收割。We had to get over many
13、difficulties.我们必须克服很多困难。【提示】get on withget along with；表示“和某人相处融洽”要用get on/along well with sb.。一旦克服了这些困难，工作进展就快了。Once these difficulties were ，the work would speed up.【答案】get on withgot throughgot over8familiar adj.熟悉的；通晓的For a simile to be effective，readers must be familiar with the objects being co
14、mpared.(P8)为了让明喻有效果，读者必须对所比较的物体很熟悉。The man seemed familiar，but I could not quite place him.这人很面熟，但是我记不清在哪儿见过他。The place felt familiar to me.这个地方我隐约觉得有点熟悉。be familiar to 为所熟悉be familiar with 熟悉；通晓；精通make oneself familiar with 同熟悉起来；同亲近起来He likes plants very much，so he is familiar with many flowers.他喜
15、欢植物，所以知道很多种花。The word is not familiar to me.我不认识那个词。At last he appeared to have made himself familiar with his surroundings.最后，他似乎把房间里的情形摸熟了。自我总结1Simile(明喻)指的是将具有共性的不同事物或现象作 ，表明本体和喻体的关系。基本格式： 显著比喻词 。2Metaphor(暗喻)指的是用甲事物来 与其所指事物有相似特点的乙事物。它不需要借助 ，而是直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写。基本格式： is/are/have/has. 。【答案】1.对比；本体；喻体
16、2.指代；比喻词；本体；喻体2基本格式基本格式：本体 显著比喻词 喻体3常见标志词Simile的常用标志词有 like，as，seem，as if，as though，similar to，such as等。4典型实例(1) as 像一样，as.as 像一样，as if/though 好像，像似的，as it were 好像，似乎，仿佛Hes not as honest a man as I thought.他不像我想象的那样诚实。He looked as if he had seen a ghost.他那副惊骇的样子就像见到了鬼似的。This socalled antique，as it w
17、ere，is a fake.这个所谓的古董，看上去好像是古董，但实际上是赝品。(2) compare.to 把比作，comparison of sth. to sth.把比作Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。His comparison of the heart to a pump helped the children understand its action.他将心脏比作打气筒(抽水机)有助于孩子们了解心脏的作用。(3) like 像一样，something like 与类似，有点像，seem 好像，similar
18、 to与相似The human history is like a long river.人类历史像一条长河。The house looks something like a castle.那房子看上去有点像一座城堡。Johns taken up stampcollecting；he seems really bitten by it.约翰已经着手集邮，好像真入迷了。Their educational system is similar to that in the United States.他们的教育制度和美国的差不多。(4) may as well.as 做某事正如One might a
19、s well throw money into the sea as lend it to William.把钱借给威廉，就好像把钱扔到海里一样。(5) no more.than 像一样不；和都不I know no more Spanish than I know Greek.我对西班牙语和希腊语同样都不懂。(6) As A is to B，so C is to D C之于D，犹如A之于B；A is to B as C is to DA之于B，犹如C之于D；A is to B what C is to D A之于B，犹如C之于DAs soul is to a body，so love is t
20、o a home.爱之于家庭犹如灵魂之于身体。Air is to man as water is to fish.空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。Air is to us what water is to fish.我们离不开空气，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。二、Metaphor(暗喻)1基本概念Metaphor(暗喻)，指的是用甲事物来指代与其所指事物有相似特点的乙事物。暗喻是一种含蓄的比喻，是利用不同事物的抽象的“相似点”来“打比方”，它不需要借助比喻词，而是直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是隐含的。2基本格式基本格式：本体 is/are/have/has.喻体3典型实例(1
21、) 形容词类His remarks were rather acid.他的话有些尖酸刻薄。Their faces were alight with joy.他们因喜悦而容光焕发。(2) 动词类Clever children absorb knowledge easily.聪明孩子容易吸收知识。It makes my heart ache to see her suffer.看到她受罪使我痛心。Some books are to be tasted，others swallowed，and some few to be chewed and digested.一些书可以浅尝辄止；一些书可以狼吞虎咽；而有些书则需要细嚼慢咽，好好消化。(3) 名词类Such people are the backbone of the country.这样的人是国家的栋梁。Poor health may be a barrier to success.健康欠佳可能成为取得成功的障碍。She has a heart of stone.他有一副铁石心肠。
