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1、直接引语变间接引语讲解直接引语变间接引语讲解I am the king of the whole world.What does the lion say?直接引语就是一字不改的引述别人的话语。直接引语一般放在引号之内。间接引语就是用说话人自己的话语引述别人的话语。直接引语为陈述句的时候变为间接引语又that引导。引述动词为say，tell等等。同时，根据主句的要求，在人称、时态及其他方面作相应的变化。人称变化“I want to buy a suit,” he said.He said (that) he wanted to buy a suit.He said to me, Ive lef
2、t my book in your room.”He told me that he had left his book in my room.指示代词的变化He said, These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.状语的变化He said, “It is nine oclock now.”He said that it was nine oclock then. now then today that day状语的变化He said, “My sister was here three days ago.”He said
3、 that his sister had been there three days before. 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动词方向性动词 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days befor
4、e tomorrow the next/following daynext month the next/following month here there come, go,bring take 情态动词情态动词 can, may, must could,might,had to 时态的变化如果主句为现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。主句的时态是过去时时：从句中：一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 不变一般现在时 一般过去时“He doesnt appear to have much money,”
5、 I said.I said that he did not appear to have much money.一般过去时 过去完成时“My sister taught me some of Chinese characters,” she said.She said her sister had taught her some of Chinese characters.一般将来时 过去将来时“There wont be any spare aircraft tomorrow morning,” I told the manager.I told the manager that ther
6、e wouldnt be any spare aircraft the next morning.现在进行时 过去进行时“I am using the knife,” he said.He said that he was using the knife.现在完成时 过去完成时“Ive met you somewhere before,” I told the secretary.I told the secretary that I had met her somewhere before.过去完成时 不变He said,“ I had finished my homework before
7、 supper.”He said that he had finished his homework before supper.有时候直接引语是并列句或者是复合句，但是变化方法和上面的一样。“This is the craziest thing I have heard so far,” she thought.She thought that that was the craziest thing she had heard so far.直接引语为疑问句的时候直接引语为疑问句的时候，由whether，if或者是疑问代词、疑问副词引导，引述动词为ask，wonder等等。与直接引语是陈述句
8、一样，要在人称、时态及其他方面作相应的变化。直接引语为一般疑问句“Have you got any thoughts about next weekend?” he asked me.He asked me if/whether I had got any thoughts about the next weekend.直接引语为特殊疑问句“How many guests were present at the party?” I asked the organizer.I asked the organizer how many guests were present at the part
9、y.直接引语为祈使句的时候直接引语为祈使句的时候，变为间接引语时，多用动词不定式。“Do some shopping for me, please,” he said to her.He asked her to do shopping for him.注意事项1) 1) 人称人称2) 2) 时态时态 3) 3) 相应的时间地点状语相应的时间地点状语4) 4) 标点符号标点符号5 5） 大小写大小写6 6） 问号改为句号问号改为句号7 7） 语序语序-疑问改陈述疑问改陈述8 8） 宾语从句由什么引出宾语从句由什么引出9) 9) 祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述宾语从句1
10、.No one realizes his pain.2.No one realizes (that) he has suffered a great deal of pain.宾语从句 陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句一个句子做宾语一个句子做宾语1. 陈述句做宾语 that1.We know him. We know (that) he is a good man. 宾语从句中that 可省略2. Ive learned (that) love heals all wounds. 3. 我认为我们可能快迟到了。 I think (that) we may be late.2. 一般疑问句作宾语
11、whether/if1.Does he need my help? 我不知道他需不需要我的帮助。 I dont know whether he needs my help. 2. 没人知道他会不会来。 No one knows whether he will come.疑问句变陈述语序是否：whether / if2. 没人知道他会不会来。No one knows whether he will come.No one knows whether or not he will come.No one knows if he will come.No one knew whether he would come.3. 特殊疑问句作宾语 Where is the post office? 我不知道邮局在哪里。I dont know where the post office is.疑问句变陈述语序疑问句变陈述语序疑问词变作连接词疑问词变作连接词小结1.陈述句 (that) + 句子2.一般疑问句 whether / or + 陈述语序3.特殊疑问句 how/ when/where + 陈述语序4. 引导词that不能省略的情况，以及形式宾语的讲解。见语法书p311
