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1、21 Secrets to Becoming A Good SpeakerKai-Fu LeeManaging DirectorMicrosoft Research, China1微软研究院讲师李开复We Present Every Day!Not just conference talks.Product group meetingsBillG / TAB meetingsPreamble to a demoConvince a product group to be interestedPresent patent to a lawyerPresent a group result at
2、offsite“Elevator” talks2微软研究院讲师李开复But Im not good at it.Presentation skills can be acquired.Examples:Bill GatesKai-Fu Lee3微软研究院讲师李开复What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.4微软研究院讲师李开复What is Communication Skill
3、s?Verbal (words spoken)Vocal (tone, range, appeal, credibility of voice)Visual (physical appearance, clothing, gestures, eye contact)7%38%55%CommunicationSkills5微软研究院讲师李开复“Without effective delivery, a speech of the highest mental capacity can be held in no esteem.With effective delivery,even one wi
4、th moderate abilities maysurpass those of the highest talent.”- Cicero “The man who can think and does not knowhow to express what he thinksis at the level of him who cannot think.”- PericlesThe Importance of Communication Skills6微软研究院讲师李开复Communication Skills = Fake?Most important factor is PASSION
5、!If youre passionate, your vocal & visual skills will come naturally.Passion could come from subject, experience, or environment.“There is just one sure cure for bad speeches Get truly excited on the subject, and 99 percent of the faults of your speaking will disappear.”- Robert Montgomery But there
6、 are skills to be learned.Like reading, writing, typing.Must learn this, if you want your work to be understood!7微软研究院讲师李开复Verbal SkillsBe simple and clear!Dont ramble.Stop to think if you need to.Example one: Dan Quayle celebrates democracy:Example two: Dan Quayle trying to say “A mind is a terribl
7、e thing to waste”8微软研究院讲师李开复Verbal SkillsSpeaking is not like writing!Use simple words.Dont use complex sentences.Can you understand this: Dont use ambiguous words in speech.9微软研究院讲师李开复Vocal SkillsProject & resonate your voice.No “UM”s and “ER”s. (Pause instead).Silence is a tool (To draw attention)
8、.10微软研究院讲师李开复Vocal SkillsPlay your voice with pitch and tempo.To amplify a point, slow down, speak loudly, exaggerate inotation, pause in the right places.“You are right. I am wrong” Stalin to Trotsky“Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country”- John F. KennedyBAD
9、 EXAMPLE : “I welcome this kind of examination, because people have to know whether their president is a crook. Well, Im not a crook.”- Richard M. NixonDont use it everywhere!11微软研究院讲师李开复Vocal Skills : Same message; many ways to deiverJohn Kennedy:“You need to contribute to your country”“Ask not wha
10、t your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country”.Quayle vs. Benson Debate:Quayle: I have as much experience in the Congress as Jack Kennedy did when he sought the presidency. Answer 1: “Jack Kennedy is better than you.” Answer 2: Senator, I served with Jack Kennedy. I knew Jack K
11、ennedy. Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine. Senator, youre no Jack Kennedy.“12微软研究院讲师李开复Vocal Skills : EnthusiasmPassion & Enthusiasm!If youre not passionate, why should we care?Example: Martin Luther KingI have a dream.That one dayThis nation will rise upLive up to the true meaning to its creed:We h
12、old these truths to be self-evidentThat all men are created equal. 13微软研究院讲师李开复Visual SkillsVisual Skills THE most importantAppear trustworthy & respectful.US Election 1960 was won on visual skills.Components of Visual SkillsEyesBodyHandsFace14微软研究院讲师李开复Visual Skills EyesLook forward at audience (tr
13、ust)Dont shift eyeballs; dont look in corner.Dont look too much at computer screen or your notes.Look at peoples faces (not eyes)3-6 seconds per person.Shift randomly.Nod, smile, use facial expression.15微软研究院讲师李开复Visual Skills BodyStand up when talking.Walk around = informal.Dont:Rock, shake, lean t
14、oo much.16微软研究院讲师李开复Visual Skills HandsGesture complements talk.Should come naturally, without thinking.Make sure they match!Need to exaggerate a littleEspecially with large audience.Dont fidget or put in pocket.Videotape whole talk & watch.17微软研究院讲师李开复Visual Skills FaceShow emotion!Most of the time
15、:“I care a lot about this.”“I really believe in this.”“I love my work.”Sometimes (in response to questions).“This is the most outrageous thing Ive ever heard.”“I will have nothing to do with this.”18微软研究院讲师李开复What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&
16、A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.19微软研究院讲师李开复Preparing the TalkAlways OVERPREPARE!Preparation includes:Researching the background.Organizing the talk.Writing the slides.Rehearsing the talk.Last minute things.20微软研究院讲师李开复Researching the BackgroundWhen youre invited, find out:How long is the tal
17、k?Whats the topic?(Say no if you dont care about the topic).Whos the audience.Once you say yes, you are COMMITTED to do a great job.21微软研究院讲师李开复Organizing the TalkYoure the salesman.First lesson for salesmen:“Tell them what youre going to say.Say it.Tell them what you said” Very similar to your pape
18、r!22微软研究院讲师李开复The Central Message (it)People will not remember everything.Have ONE clear walk-away message.What do you want people to remember in 3 months?The answer to the question: “How was the talk?”Repeat it!23微软研究院讲师李开复The OpeningSay something provoking!Give a (very short) outline/overview.24微软
19、研究院讲师李开复The SubstanceLogical.Convincing.Help them remember the message!Anticipate doubts & remove them.Smooth transitions Dont lose the audienceOK to re-order the sub-topics.Keep repeating the message!25微软研究院讲师李开复The EndingEnd with a BANG!Repeat the message.Say thank you.26微软研究院讲师李开复Writing the Visu
20、als (PowerPoint)Prepation (80% time)First prepare outline (recommend : Word).Then modify outline for:Logic onvincing, flow, transitions.Actual Slide Writing (20% time)Should come almost directly from the outline.27微软研究院讲师李开复Use of Visuals (PowerPoint)Visuals only support your talk.Spend more time on
21、 your talk!Simple and clear1 idea; 3 sub-concepts; = 6 lines.Readable Big & color-coordinated.Dont read from the slides!28微软研究院讲师李开复What if Talk is ComplexDont lose people.Use grayed out outline.If idea is complex:Try really hard to avoid complex slides, butIf you must use it, use layers (prevent re
22、ad-ahead & lack of focus).Remember to change slides for printing.Example.29微软研究院讲师李开复If you must use complex layersa good exampleContent ServerProxy ServerClients3. return content1. open connection & send requestContent re-authoringClient/UserprofilesAdaptationschemesNetworkmonitoringCaching &pre-fe
23、tchingmanagement2. retrieve content 2. retrieve content 3. retrieve network data, user/client profiles4. perform adaptation5. return content1. open connection & send request30微软研究院讲师李开复Use of Demos / MultimediaKeeps the talk interesting.Dont overdo it.Should be tied to content.Ordering : 2,N, N-1, N
24、-2,.3, 1 31微软研究院讲师李开复Rehearsing Your TalkRecord & listen to every talk at least twice!Record:Best : PowerPoint features.OK : Tape recorder.Must do sometime :VideoAsk experienced speaker to critique.Improve:Style, logic, timing per slide.32微软研究院讲师李开复Get the Timing Right!Running out of time is a disas
25、ter.Write how much time should remain on each slide.33微软研究院讲师李开复After youre more experienced.No longer necessary to record.Every new talk still must be rehearsed.Bring notes if you arent confident.34微软研究院讲师李开复Just Before the Talk.Prepare something matching the occasion.Make sure youre not too tired:
26、Get enough sleep the previous night.Drink 3 cups of coffee!35微软研究院讲师李开复What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.36微软研究院讲师李开复Delivering the TalkOvercoming language barrier.Overcoming nervousness. Art of Good Open
27、ing & ending.HumorAudience participation37微软研究院讲师李开复Overcoming Language BarrierPerfect English not necessary.Know your limitations.Dont use fancy words, complex sentences.Dont take any chance of looking silly.OK to bring cheat notes!38微软研究院讲师李开复Outline & ScriptAlways make an outline.PowerPoint notes
28、; Word Outline.Dont have to use it.It may be best to READ a speech.No excuse not to be fluent! (practice!)Dont stare at paper.(Memorize it if youre prefer).39微软研究院讲师李开复Overcoming Nervousness“Do the thing you fearand the death of fear is certain.”- Ralph Waldo Emerson40微软研究院讲师李开复Hiding NervousnessIt
29、is possible to hide nervousness!Dont let the shaking show!Make a fist; hold the lectern.Speak loudly.Take a deep breath.Look at a friendly face.Look above peoples heads.41微软研究院讲师李开复Art of Good Opening & EndingOpeningSay something relevant to the occasion.Need to research background before the talk.E
30、nding“If you remember only one thing from this talk, then you should remember XXX”.42微软研究院讲师李开复HumorGood humor:Respectful.Relevant (better yet: original).Short.Plan your jokes:Remember what worked.Use it again!43微软研究院讲师李开复HumorHow to tell a joke?Set up (people should know a joke is coming up).Pause
31、after climax (punch line).Move on naturally if no reaction!44微软研究院讲师李开复Audience ParticipationBest way for people to remember!Ask audience a questionAnticipate their answer(s)!Respond with something interesting AND relevant.45微软研究院讲师李开复Be YourselfLearn the skills; dont copy the styles.You must be you
32、rself to be credible.Many styles could be effective:Bill Gates Brilliant technologistSteve Ballmer Powerful salesmanSteve Jobs Passionate evangelist46微软研究院讲师李开复What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.47微软研究院讲师李
33、开复Q&AQ&A is your chance to:Amplify your points.Increase your credibility.48微软研究院讲师李开复Dealing with QuestionsEasy QuestionsAmplify your points!Hard QuestionsNo need to answer directly.But dont hide!Narrow QuestionsTake offline.49微软研究院讲师李开复Q&A Giving A Good AnswerRespect the listenerRight body language
34、Repeat the questionComplete if people cannot hear.Paraphrase to help amplify your point.If people are too shy, you start!Dont argue or dismiss a question.50微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#1 Anybody can learn to give a good talk.51微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#2 Dont give a talk unless youre passionate.52微软研究院讲师李开复21 Se
35、crets#3 Use simple and clear words.53微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#4 Play your voice to focus on key points.54微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#5 Silence is a great tool.55微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#6 Overprepare every talk.56微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#7 Tell them what youre going to say.Say it.Tell them what you said.57微软研究院讲师李开复21
36、 Secrets#8 Have ONE clear central message for:the question “How was the talk”58微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#9 Open your talk with something thought-provoking59微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#10 Slides should be simple & clear.60微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#11 Dont read from your slides.61微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#12 Order your dem
37、os.62微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#13 Rehearse & listen to each talkat least twice!63微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#14 Time your talk on every slide.64微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#15 It may be OK to read from a script.65微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#16 Stay awake!Drink 3 cups of coffee before your talk.66微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#17 It is
38、possible to hide nervousness.67微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#18 Tailor your opening remarks to the occasion.68微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#19 “If you only remember one thing fromthis talk, you should remember XXX”69微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#20 Humor & Interactivity must berelevant and well-planned.70微软研究院讲师李开复21 Secrets#21 Q&A can help you more than the audience.71微软研究院讲师李开复ConclusionGiving a talk is easyIt just takes:A little passionA lot of practice!72微软研究院讲师李开复
