《会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting课件》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting课件（34页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、General View of Accounting CHAPTER 1CHAPTER 1会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingIntroduction of accounting* Second oldest profession* Participated in the development of nations, trade, finance, money and banking * Double-entry bookkeeping fueled the Renaissance会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingIntr
2、oductionofaccountingLuca Pacioli (1445-1517) Summa di Arithmetica treatise on book-keepingPeople have understood accounting on a scientific principle in Italy 会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingIntroduction of accountingJohn Gouge, 1543The first known English book on accountingAProfitableTreatycecal
3、ledtheInstrumentorBoketolearntoknowthegoodorderofthekepyingofthefamousereconynge,calledinLatyn,DareandHabdare,and,inEnglyshDebitorandCreditor.会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingIntroduction of accountingThe first public recognition of accountants A Bankruptcy Act In 1831Itmentionsaccountantsalongsid
4、emerchantsandbankersasproperlyskilledtoconductaudits.会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingIntroduction of accountingManagement accountingWorldWarOne(1914-1918)Accountantsassistinthecontrolofcostsinrelationtotheproductionofammunitions:bullets,bombs,explosives,etc.会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingIntr
5、oduction of accountingAftertheSecondWorldWarDevelopment of accountingEnronfinancialscandalInAugust2002,theSarbanes-OxleyActispassedintheUnitedStates.会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingAccounting Definition AccountingBookkeepingItisthemeansofrecordingtransactionsandkeepingrecords.AccountingBookkeepin
6、gBookkeepingistheday-to-dayrecord-keepinginvolvedintheprocessofaccounting.会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingAccounting Definition AccountingAccuratefinancialreportsUsefultomanagers,regulators,andshareholders,creditorsorowners会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting Accounting DefinitionMajor goal of acc
7、ountingAnalysisInterpretationUse of information会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting Accounting DefinitionTheAmericanInstituteofCertifiedPublicAccountants“Theartofrecording,classifying,andsummarizinginasignificantmannerandintermsofmoney,transactionsandeventswhichare,inpartatleast,ofafinancialcharacter
8、,andinterpretingtheresultsthereof.”(AICPA) Earlydefinitionsofaccountingfocusedonthetraditionalrecord-keepingfunctionsoftheaccountant.会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting Accounting DefinitionThemoderndefinitionofaccountingItisdefinedasaninformationsystemthatmeasures,processes,andcommunicatesfinancial
9、informationaboutanidentifiableeconomicentity.EncyclopediaAccountingisdefinedastheprocessofmaintaining,auditing,andprocessingfinancialinformationforbusinesspurposes.会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting Accounting DefinitionThemodernaccountantrecord-keepingPlanningandproblemsolvingControlandattentiondi
10、rectingEvaluationReviewAuditing会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting Accounting DefinitionBusiness activitiesAccountingDataUseful informationDecision maker会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting The Users of Accounting Information Users1.those who have a direct interest in the2. business including managem
11、ent; 2. those who have indirect interest in the business.会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting Users with Direct Financial Interest Present and Potential InvestorsPresent and Potential CreditorsManagement会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting ManagementManagementManagementisthegroupinabusinesswhohasovera
12、llresponsibilityforoperatingthebusinessandforachievingthebusinessgoals.OwnersofthebusinessHiredmanagers会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingMajor function of accountingToprovidemanagementwithrelevantandusefulinformationSuchas:whatwasthecompanysnetincomeduringthepastyear?Whatproductsaremostprofitable?W
13、hatisthecostofmanufacturingeachproduct? Management会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting Present and Potential InvestorsTheyareinterestedinthepastsuccessofthebusinessanditspotentialearningsinthefuture.OperatingresultsofbusinessProfitsharingpolicyMakedecisionsWhethertoincrease,ordecreaseinvestments会计英语C
14、hapter1GeneralViewofAccounting Present and Potential CreditorsTheyareinterestedinwhetherthecompanywillhavethecashtopaytheinterestandrepaythedebtatfixedtime.BanksFinance companiesMortgage companiesSecurities firmsInsurance firmsSuppliersIndividuals会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting Users with Indire
15、ct Financial Interest Tax AuthoritiesOther Groups会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting Tax AuthoritiesTaxauthoritiesdonthavedirectfinancialinterestinthecompany,buttheyusuallyanalyzethetaxstatusundertakenbyabusinesstoestablishtaxpolicy.GovernmentsIncometaxesSocialsecurityPayrolltaxesExcisedtaxesSalesta
16、xesEachtaxrequiresspecialtaxreturnsandoftenacomplexsetofrecordsaswell.会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting Other GroupsTheyadviseinvestorsandcreditorsandhaveanIndirectinterestinthefinancialperformanceofabusiness.Financial analysts and advisersbrokerslawyerseconomiststhe financial press会计英语Chapter1Gen
17、eralViewofAccounting Other GroupsCustomersThe general publicTheyareconcernedabouttheoperatingresults,theeffectsthatcorporationshaveoninflation,theenvironment,socialproblems,andthequalityoflife.OtherGroup会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingAccountingProfessionPublicAccountingGovernmentAccountingIntern
18、alAuditingManagementAccounting会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingPublicAccountantsCertifiedPublicAccountants会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingTheWorkofPublicAccountantsWorkfortheirowncompayWorkforotheraccoutingcompaniesprovideaccountingservicestoindividuals,businesses,andgovernmentsConcentrateontax
19、mattersSpecializeinforensicaccounting会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingGovernmentAccountantsworkforthelocalorstatelevel会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingTheWorkofGovernmentAccountantsKeepandexaminetherecordsofgovernmentunitsadministerandformulatebudgets,totrackcostsandtoanalyzeprogramsTheymustfoll
20、owspecialproceduresandregulationsandreportsforgovernmentofficials会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingManagementAccountantsworkincompaniesandhelptheManagementmakedecisions会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingWorkofManagementAccoutantsProvidethemanagementadviceaboutcapitalbudgetingandbusinessanalysisReco
21、rdandanalyzethefinancialaccountinginformation,marketshare,competition,andexpansionopportunitiesofthecompany会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingInternalAuditorscheckaccountingledgersandfinancialstatementswithincompanies会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingWorkofInternalAuditorsTaketrainingtokeepskillsup
22、todate.Createanddevelopauditingsystemsforcompaniesoragencies.Conduct research to learn auditing needs for companies orindividuals.Determineandrecordthevalueofrealproperty.Analyzethefinancialdataandrecordstoensurethattheycomplywithlegalandfinancialstandards.会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccountingWE ARE SAILING RIGHT ALONG!会计英语Chapter1GeneralViewofAccounting
