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1、邓旭平MikeWhat happensin this roomStays inthis roomlesson10洗衣妇TheWashwomanPPTmadeby旭平lesson10洗衣妇1.OurhomehadlittlecontactwithGentiles.ButthereweretheGentilewashwomenwhocametothehousetofetchourlaundry.Mystoryisaboutoneofthese.Thesynonymsforfetch?lesson10洗衣妇bringtakefetchgetcarry都含“拿”、“带”、“取”的意思bring指“从别
2、处把东西或人带来”、“拿来”,如:Hebroughtanewbookwithhim.他带来一本新书。 take指“把东西带走或拿走”,如:Pleasetakethelettertothepostoffice.请把这封信送到邮局去。 lesson10洗衣妇get是常用词,多用于口语,与fetch同义,Goandgetsomewater.去打些水来。 carry指“随身携带(不说明固定方向)”,有时含有“负担”的意思,如:Letmecarrytheboxforyou.请让我替你拿这个箱子。fetch指“到别处去把某人或某物带来或拿来”,如:Shehasgonetofetchwater.她去打水去了
3、。lesson10洗衣妇2Shewasasmallwoman,oldandwrinkled.Whenshestartedwashingforus,shewasalreadypastseventy.MostJewishwomenofherageweresickly,weak,brokeninbody.Butthiswashwoman,smallandthinasshewas,possessedastrengththatcamefromgenerationsofpeasantancestors.Motherwouldcountouttoherabagoflaundrythathadaccumula
4、tedoverseveralweeks.Shewouldlifttheheavybag,loaditonhernarrowshoulders,andcarryitthelongwayhome.Itmusthavebeenawalkofanhourandahalflesson10洗衣妇SickvsSicklySick1.生病的，有病的2.恶心，想吐的： asickfeelinginmystomach3.晕车，晕船： seasick， airsick， carsick4.厌倦： sickof sb/sth,sickofdoingsth5.变态的Sickly1.多病的2.不健壮的，有病容的3.令人生
5、厌的，恶心的（尤指太甜或者充斥着虚情假意）4.（颜色）难看的lesson10洗衣妇FillintheblankwithsickorsicklyHermothersvery_Ifyoueattoomuchcream,youllfeel_Im_todeathofallofyou!Hewasa_child.Shelookspaleand_Theteacherisa_freak.Yougavemea_smile.Thewallsarepainteda_greencolor.sick/sicklySicksicksick/sicklysick/sicklysick/sicklysick/sicklysi
6、cklylesson10洗衣妇Butthiswashwoman,smallandthinasshewas,possessedastrengththatcamefromgenerationsofpeasantancestors让步状语从句Adjective+assbbe动词=though/althoughsbbe动词+adj虽然我很丑，但是我很温柔Ugly/bad-looking/ill-lookingasIam,Iamgentle/tender.Though/althoughIamUgly/bad-looking/ill-looking,Iamgentle/tender.lesson10洗衣妇
7、Itmusthavebeenawalkofanhourandahalf. 这段路恐怕要走一个半小时。 musthavebeen：表示主观的推测，不表示肯定。 =Iguessittookheranhourandahalftowalkhome.lesson10洗衣妇情态动词+have+done的用法一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2.Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktotheserva
8、nt.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。lesson10洗衣妇二、 “cant+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。1.Mr.SmithcanthavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？”。1.Thereisnolightintheroom.Cantheyhavegoneout?屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？2.Thereisnowheretofindthem.Wherecant
9、heyhavegone?到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？lesson10洗衣妇四、 “could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewastoocareless.本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。五、 “may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。WhathashappenedtoGeorge?Idontknow.Hemayhavegotlost.乔治发生了什么事？我不知道，他可能迷路了。lesson10洗衣妇六、 “m
10、ight+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。1.Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasbusy.(MET90)他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。2.Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress,ifyouhadgivenhermorechances.如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。七、 “would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。1.Iwouldhavetoldyouallaboutthebo
11、ysstory,butyoudidntaskme.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。2.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldnthaveachievedsomuch.没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。lesson10洗衣妇八、 “should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。” “shouldnt+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。1.Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。2
12、.Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldnthavebeensoharshonhim.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。九、 “oughtto+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.我理应上星期日回家。Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.你不应该帮助他那么多。十、 “need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“neednt+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。
13、Ineednthaveboughtsomuchwineonlyfivepeoplecame.我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。Heneedhavehurriedtothestation.Inthatcase,bewouldnthavemissedthetrain.他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。lesson10洗衣妇3Shewouldbringthelaundrybackabouttwoweekslater.Mymotherhadneverbeensopleasedwithanywashwoman.Everypieceoflaundrywasascleanaspolis
14、hedsilver.Everypiecewasneatlyironed.Yetshechargednomorethantheothers.Shewasarealfind.Motheralwayshadhermoneyready,becauseitwastoofarfortheoldwomantocomeasecondtime.lesson10洗衣妇chargen.1.1.（商品和服务所需的）要价，收费（商品和服务所需的）要价，收费：chargeforsthWehavetomakeasmallchargeforrefreshments(茶点).包邮？ Deliveryisfreeofcharge
15、.2. 指控，指控， 控告控告Hewillfaceachargeofarmedrobbery(持械抢劫).3.3.主管，掌管，责任主管，掌管，责任：inchargeof,takechargeofSheisinchargeoftheday-to-dayrunningofthebusiness.Hetookchargeofthefarmafterhisfathersdeath.lesson10洗衣妇V.1.收费，要价： charge sb/sth(+money)forsth这家餐馆收了我们20美元的晚餐费。2.指控，控告： chargesbwithsthHewaschargedwithmurder
16、.3.赋予职责或任务： chargesbwithsthThecommitteehasbeenchargedwiththedevelopmentofsportintheregion.委员会已被赋予在该地区发展体育运动的职责。4.充电： chargesth给电池充电？lesson10洗衣妇4Washingclotheswasnoteasyinthosedays.Theoldwomanhadnotapwhereshelived,buthadtobringinthewaterfromapump.Fortheclothesandbedclothestocomeoutsoclean,theyhadtobe
17、scrubbedthoroughlyinawashtub,rinsedwithwashingsoda,soaked,boiledinanenormouspot,starched,thenironed.Everypiecewashandledtentimesormore.Andthedrying!Ithadtobehungintheattic.lesson10洗衣妇5.Shecouldhavebeggedatthechurchdoororenteredahomeforthepoorandaged.Buttherewasinheracertainprideandloveoflaborwithwhi
18、chmanyGentileshavebeenblessed.Theoldwomandidnotwanttobecomeaburden,andsoboreherburdenlesson10洗衣妇6Thewomanhadasonwhowasrich.Inolongerrememberwhatsortofbusinesshehad.Hewasashamedofhismother,thewashwoman,andnevercametoseeher.Nordidheevergiveheranymoney.Theoldwomantoldthiswithoutbitterness.Onedaythesonw
19、asmarried.Itseemedthathehadmadeagoodmatch.Theweddingtookplaceinachurch.Thesonhadnotinvitedtheoldmothertohiswedding,butshewenttothechurchandwaitedatthestepstoseehersonleadtheyoungladytothealtar.lesson10洗衣妇一些关于结婚的表达Tie the knot结婚结婚 knot 绳子绳子lesson10洗衣妇LittleWhiteChapel小白教堂TheLittleWhiteWeddingChapel（结
20、婚礼堂）lesson10洗衣妇WeddingGowns婚纱lesson10洗衣妇Tuxedo男士礼服lesson10洗衣妇Exchange Vows交换誓词交换誓词lesson10洗衣妇7Thestoryofthefaithlesssonleftadeepimpressiononmymother.Shetalkedaboutitforweeksandmonths.Itwasaninsultnotonlytotheoldwomanbuttoallmothers.Motherwouldargue,Doesitpaytomakesacrificesforchildren?Themotherusesu
21、pherlaststrength,andhedoesnotevenknowthemeaningofloyaltylesson10洗衣妇8Thatwinterwasaharshone.Thestreetswereicy.Nomatterhowmuchweheatedourstove,thewindowswerecoveredwithfrost.Thenewspapersreportedthatpeopleweredyingofthecold.Coalbecamedear.Thewinterhadbecomesoseverethatparentsstoppedsendingchildrentosc
22、hool.lesson10洗衣妇dieofanddiefrom表示死的原因，die后既可接介词 of，也可接 from,两者的区别是： 一、若死因存在于人体之上或之内（主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因)，一般用介词 of。如：dieofillness(hearttrouble,cancer,afever,etc)死于疾病 (心脏病，癌症，发烧等)二、若死因不是存在人体之内或之上，而是由环境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原因)，一般用介词 from。 如： diefromanearthquake(atrafficaccident,alightning,astroke,etc)死于地震(交通事故，雷击
23、等)lesson10洗衣妇9Ononesuchdaythewashwoman,nownearlyeightyyearsold,cametoourhouse.Agooddealoflaundryhadaccumulatedduringthepastweeks.Mothergaveherapotofteatowarmherself,aswellassomebread.Theoldwomansatonakitchenchairtremblingandshaking,andwarmedherhandsagainsttheteapot.Herfingerswereroughfromwork,andper
24、hapsfromarthritis,too.Herfingernailswerestrangelywhite.Thesehandsspokeofstubbornnessofmankind,ofthewilltoworknotonlyasonesstrengthpermitsbutbeyondthelimitsofonespowerlesson10洗衣妇Against用法小结 prep.1.与动词连用 （1）常与push、press、lean、hang、stand等词连用，表示“紧靠、压 迫”，有时不 必译出。 例如 topushagainstthedoor用力推门 tothrowtheball
25、againstthewall用球击墙 （2）常与struggle、fight、turn、speak、rise、act、vote、contend、argue、 strive、testify、discriminate、 offend、rage、 exclaim、cryout等连用，表示“反对”或“反抗”。但这类动词中有些可以与介词with连用，意思相近。不过用against比用with的语气强，着重表示在困难中斗争或反抗的意思。 lesson10洗衣妇例如:Theywerefightingagainst/withtheenemy他们正在和敌人战斗。 Thefirmistoosmalltocompe
26、teagainst/withlargeinternationalcompanies.这家公司太小,难以和国际性大公司竞争。2.表示相反，有“逆行，逆方向，对着；跟反方向”的意思 例句:todriveagainstthetraffic(汽车)逆行 againstthecurrent逆流3.表示“预防、防备” 例句:Wearealltakingmedicineagainstthecold.我们都服药以防感冒。 Savemoneyagainstarainyday(谚)储蓄金钱,以备不时之需;未雨绸缪。lesson10洗衣妇10Thebagwasbig,biggerthanusual.Whenthew
27、omanplaceditonhershoulders,itcoveredhercompletely.Atfirstshestayed,asthoughshewereabouttofallundertheload.Butaninnerstubbornnessseemedtocallout:No,youmaynotfall.Adonkeymaypermithimselftofallunderhisburden,butnotahumanbeing,thebestofcreationlesson10洗衣妇11Shedisappeared,andmothersighedandprayedforher.1
28、2Morethantwomonthspassed.Thefrosthadgone,andthenanewfrosthadcome,anewwaveofcold.Oneevening,whileMotherwassittingneartheoillampmendingashirt,thedooropenedandasmallpuffofsteam,followedbyagiganticbag,enteredtheroom.Irantowardtheoldwomanandhelpedherunloadherbag.Shewaseventhinnernow,morebent.Herheadshook
29、fromsidetosideasthoughsheweresayingno.Shecouldnotutteraclearword,butmumbledsomethingwithhersunkenmouthandpalelips.lesson10洗衣妇13Aftertheoldwomanhadrecoveredsomewhat,shetoldusthatshehadbeenill.Justwhatherillnesswas,Icannotremember.Shehadbeensosickthatsomeonecalledadoctor,andthedoctorhadsentforapriest.
30、Someonehadinformedtheson,andhehadcontributedmoneyforacoffinandforthefuneral.ButGodhadnotyetwantedtotakethissoulfullofpaintoHimself.Shebegantofeelbetter,shebecamewell,andassoonasshewasabletostandonherfeetoncemore,shebeganherwashing.Notjustours,hutthewashofseveralotherfamilies,too.lesson10洗衣妇14Icouldn
31、otresteasyinmybedbecauseofthewash,theoldwomanexplained.Thewashwouldnotletmedie.“15WiththehelpofGodyouwilllivetobeahundredandtwenty,saidmymother,asablessing.16Godforbid!Whatgoodwouldsuchalonglifebe?Theworkbecomesharderandharder.mystrengthisleavingme.Idonotwanttobeaburdenonanyone!Theoldwomancrossedher
32、self,andraisedhereyestowardheavenlesson10洗衣妇17FortunatelytherewassomemoneyinthehouseandMothercountedoutwhatsheowed.Thensheleft,promisingtoreturninafewweeksforanewload.18Butshenevercameback.Thewashshehadreturnedwasherlasteffortonthisearth.Shehadbeendrivenbyanindomitablewilltoreturnthepropertytoitsrig
33、htfulowners,tofulfillthetaskshehadundertaken.Sparenoefforttodosthlesson10洗衣妇19Andnowatlastherbody,whichhadlongbeensupportedonlybytheforceofhonestyandduty,hadfallen.Hersoulpassedintothosesphereswhereallholysoulsmeet,regardlessoftherolestheyplayedonthisearth,inwhatevertongue,ofwhateverreligion.Icannot
34、imagineparadisewithoutthisGentilewashwoman.Icannotevenimagineaworldwherethereisnorewardforsucheffortlesson10洗衣妇Hersoulpassedintothosesphereswhereallholysoulsmeet,regardlessoftherolestheyplayedonthisearth,inwhatevertongue,ofwhateverreligion.她的灵魂进入了所有心地纯洁的人们最后会集的地方，无论他们在人间曾经担任过什么角色，无论他们说的是什么语言，也无论他们信仰
35、什么宗教。Shedied,buthersoulwouldcontinuetoliveinthoseplaceswhereallkind,honestandpurepeoplemeet,onmatterwhatrolestheyhadplayedonearth,whatlanguagetheyspokeorwhatreligiontheybelievedin.lesson10洗衣妇IcannotimagineparadisewithoutthisGentilewashwoman.Icannotevenimagineaworldwherethereisnorewardforsucheffort.我
36、想象天堂里肯定会有这位非犹太人洗衣妇的位置，我绝对相信如此的努力是会得到报偿的。 IthinkthatthisGentilewashwomandeservesaplaceinHeaven/tobeinHeaven.Idontbelievethathervirtuesherhonesty,tolerance,indomitablewill,senseofresponsibilityaswellasherhardworkwillnotberewarded.lesson10洗衣妇paraphraseShecouldhavebeggedatthechurchdoororenteredahomefort
37、hepoorandaged. 她本来是可以到教堂的门口去乞讨或是进入一家穷苦老人收容所。 =Shedidntbegthechurchforhelpormovedtoahomeforpoor,oldpeoplethoughshewasabletodosoinherfinancialandphysicalconditions.Theoldwomantoldthiswithoutbitterness. =Theoldwomandidntshowanyangerorevenunhappinesswhenshetoldmymotherhowhersontreatedher.lesson10洗衣妇makeuplesson10洗衣妇
