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1、进入夏天，少不了一个热字当头，电扇空调陆续登场，每逢此时，总会想起进入夏天，少不了一个热字当头，电扇空调陆续登场，每逢此时，总会想起那一把蒲扇。蒲扇，是记忆中的农村，夏季经常用的一件物品。记忆中的故那一把蒲扇。蒲扇，是记忆中的农村，夏季经常用的一件物品。记忆中的故乡，每逢进入夏天，集市上最常见的便是蒲扇、凉席，不论男女老少，个个手持乡，每逢进入夏天，集市上最常见的便是蒲扇、凉席，不论男女老少，个个手持一把，忽闪忽闪个不停，嘴里叨叨着一把，忽闪忽闪个不停，嘴里叨叨着“怎么这么热怎么这么热”，于是三五成群，聚在大树，于是三五成群，聚在大树下，或站着，或随即坐在石头上，手持那把扇子，边唠嗑边乘凉。孩
2、子们却在周下，或站着，或随即坐在石头上，手持那把扇子，边唠嗑边乘凉。孩子们却在周围跑跑跳跳，热得满头大汗，不时听到围跑跑跳跳，热得满头大汗，不时听到“强子，别跑了，快来我给你扇扇强子，别跑了，快来我给你扇扇”。孩。孩子们才不听这一套，跑个没完，直到累气喘吁吁，这才一跑一踮地围过了，这时子们才不听这一套，跑个没完，直到累气喘吁吁，这才一跑一踮地围过了，这时母亲总是，好似生气的样子，边扇边训，母亲总是，好似生气的样子，边扇边训，“你看热的，跑什么？你看热的，跑什么？”此时这把蒲扇，此时这把蒲扇，是那么凉快，那么的温馨幸福，有母亲的味道！蒲扇是中国传统工艺品，在是那么凉快，那么的温馨幸福，有母亲的味
3、道！蒲扇是中国传统工艺品，在我国已有三千年多年的历史。取材于棕榈树，制作简单，方便携带，且蒲扇的表我国已有三千年多年的历史。取材于棕榈树，制作简单，方便携带，且蒲扇的表面光滑，因而，古人常会在上面作画。古有棕扇、葵扇、蒲扇、蕉扇诸名，实即面光滑，因而，古人常会在上面作画。古有棕扇、葵扇、蒲扇、蕉扇诸名，实即今日的蒲扇，江浙称之为芭蕉扇。六七十年代，人们最常用的就是这种，似圆非今日的蒲扇，江浙称之为芭蕉扇。六七十年代，人们最常用的就是这种，似圆非圆，轻巧又便宜的蒲扇。蒲扇流传至今，我的记忆中，它跨越了半个世纪，圆，轻巧又便宜的蒲扇。蒲扇流传至今，我的记忆中，它跨越了半个世纪，也走过了我们的半个人
4、生的轨迹，携带着特有的念想，一年年，一天天，流向长也走过了我们的半个人生的轨迹，携带着特有的念想，一年年，一天天，流向长长的时间隧道，袅长的时间隧道，袅大学生英语竞赛作文ppt课件与平时的其他英语考试不同的是，英语竞赛的写作有两篇作文。第一篇一般是应用文，比如通知、广告、给指定某某人的信等等格式，所以要注意不同应用文的格式，比如开头有没有必要的标题或是称呼， 第二篇就是四六级常见的议论文，主要也是与学生生活贴近的话题拿出来讨论，列出自己的观点条理清晰很重要。初赛的写作难度都不高，决赛的写作部分是发挥你英语水平的好时候。作文一一.报告报告例例1Directions:Youarepreparing
5、forafieldreport,pleasewriteitinabout100wordswithsuchitemsasfollowing:thecurrentsituationoftheequipmentsyourreasonandsuggestionTo:Mr.ZhaoMinghua,presidentofBeijingUniversityFrom:Mr.LiHongJun,DeanofStudies.Subject:Buyingcomputersandvideotaperecorders.DearMr.President:UpontherequestoftheEquipmentDivisi
6、onoftheuniversity,wehaveinspectedthelaboratoryofthePhysicalDepartmentandfounditspresentequipmentsunsatisfactorytostudent,particularlytopostgraduates.Becausetherearefourtycomputersinourlaboratory,buttherearealmosttentimesthestudentsand25percentarepostgraduates.Thelaboratorymaterialissoshortagethatthe
7、situationhavetobeimprovedatonce.Inordertoenhancetheeffectofexperiments,itisherebyrecommendedthattwentycomputersandtenvideotaperecordersbeboughtandissuedtothelaboratory.LiHongJun这是一份实地考察报告，要求将所看到的状况实事求是的反映出来。这是一份实地考察报告，要求将所看到的状况实事求是的反映出来。upontherequest表示在表示在的要求下，以的要求下，以request表示要求一般比较正式。表示要求一般比较正式。po
8、stgraduates即研究生即研究生一一.报告报告二二.海报海报海报是人们日常生活中极为常见的一种招贴形式，多用于电影、戏曲、比赛、文艺演出等活动。海报中通常要写清楚活动的性质，活动的主办单位、时间、地点等内容。海报的语言要求简明扼要，形式要做到机关报颖美观。海报的格式，通常有三部分组成，即标题、正文与落款。海报的标题对于海报的宣传极为重要。因此标题的撰写昼做到简洁明快，新颖醒目，抓住读者的注意力，海报的标题形式通常有两种：一是直接使用“海报”（Poster）一词；另一种则是根据海报的内容，撰写标题。海报正文是海报的核心部分，它是对海报标题的具体描述。语言要求形象生动，简明扼要。做到既有鼓动
9、性，又不夸大其辞。正文的常见表现形式有：简介说明式，文学描述式，美术设计式。二二.海报海报例例1Directions:YouarepreparingforafriendlyBasketballMatch.Writeaposterwhichasksfor:1)therightformofastandardposter2)writetheplaceandtimeclearlyYoushouldwriteabout100words.二二.海报海报POSTERFriendlyBasketballGameThereisgoingtobeafriendlyandwonderfulbasketballmat
10、chbetweenBeijingForestryUniversityBasketballTeamandoursundertheauspicesoftheRecreationalandPhysicalCultureDepartmentofthestudentsunionofthecollege.Ithasbeendecidedthatthisbasketballmatchwillbeheldatthestudentsactivitycenterwhichcouldcontainatleast200peopleonSaturday,Aug.23rd,2004,at5:00p.m.Itisexpec
11、tedthatthecompetitionbetweenthetwoteamswillbekeenandsevere.Allofyouarecordiallywelcometopresentthematch.TheRecreationalandPhysicalCultureDepartmentoftheStudentsUnionofthecollege.Thursday.Aug.21st.2004“由由举办举办”可以用词组可以用词组“undertheauspicesof”，另外，注意中，另外，注意中英文通知中落款时间书写位置的差别，中文一般写在右下角，英文写在英文通知中落款时间书写位置的差别，
12、中文一般写在右下角，英文写在左下角。左下角。三三.通知通知通知是上级对下级、团体对个人部署工作、传达事情或召开会议时所用的一种文体。同级单位有事情要进行讨论或协商，也可以互发通知。通知分两种：一种是以布告形式，把事情通知有关人员；另一种是以书信形式，把相关事情传达给有关人员。一般说来，通知正文上面正中的地方往往有Notice或NOTICE一词作为题目，正文的下面是发出通知的单位名称。有时，发出通知单位的名称也可写在正文之前。发出通知的日期一般写在左下角；发出通知的人或单位的名称，可以写在右下角。这两项有时也可以省略。发出通知的单位和通知对象一般都用第三人称，但若正文前用了称呼语，则应用第二人称
13、表示被通知的对象。例例1Directions:Ifyouaretheorganizerofatourandyoushouldgiveanoticetotellthetouristssomethingaboutit.Itshouldinclude:1)Whereisthedestinationofthetour.2)Whatshouldthetouristspayattentionto.Youshouldwritenolessthan100words.三三.通知通知三三.通知通知NOTICETOTOURISTSAccordingtotheschedule,thetouringpartywillv
14、isittheSummerPalaceandTianAnmenSquaretoday.YoucanleaveyourbaggageintheLeftBaggageOfficeandpickituplaterthisafternoonifitistooheavytocarrywithyou.Thereceiptofthebaggageshouldbekeptcarefullybecauseyouwillneedit.WewillcometotheSummerPalacefirstandfinishthetourat2pm.ThenwearegoingtothedestinationofTianA
15、nmenSquarewithoutparking.Sopleasedontgetoffthesightseeingbusduringthejourneyuntilthedriversaysthatitistimeforfoodanddrinksortoilets.Pleasebeontime!*这是一张旅行团张贴的布告，告知游客当天的活动以及注意事项。这是一张旅行团张贴的布告，告知游客当天的活动以及注意事项。“行李寄存处行李寄存处”叫叫LeftBaggageOffice,这是美国英语。英国人管行李这是美国英语。英国人管行李叫叫luggage，与此相对的，与此相对的,行李寄存处便是行李寄存处便是
16、LeftLuggageOffice。领取。领取行李，美语行李，美语toclaimbaggage,英国人说英国人说toreclaimluggage。旅游车。旅游车是是sightseeingbus或或coach.常用句式常用句式常用的起首语有：常用的起首语有：1）ThankyouforyourletterdatedDec.22,1969.2)ManythanksforyourletterofSept.5，1997.3)AthousandthanksforyourkindletterofJune5,1997.4)YourkindletterofNovember22tharrivedthismorni
17、ng.5)Yourletterwhicharrivedthismorninggavemegreatcomfort.6)Inreplytoyourletterdated4thJuly,Iwanttosay7)ThankyouverymuchforyourletterofAugust2andthegiftyousentmeonChristmasEve.8)WhatatreattoreceiveyourkindletterofMay5th!9)Itisalwaysathrilltoseeyournicehandwriting.10)FirstofallImustthankyouforyourkind
18、assistanceandhighattentiontome.11)WithgreatdelightIlearnfromyourletterofthisSundaythat14)Iamverymuchpleasedtoinformyouthatmyvisittoyourcountryhasbeenapproved.15)Iwishtoapplyforteachingpositionyouareoffering.16)Iamtooexcitedanddelightedatyourgoodnews.17)Iamveryobligedtoyouforyourwarmcongratulations.四
19、四.信件信件四四.信件信件常用的结束语有：1）Awaitingyourgoodnews,2)Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply,3)Hopingtohearfromyousoon,4)Weawaityourgoodnews.5)Ihopetohearfromyouverysoon.6)Welookforwardtoyourreplyatyourearliestconvenience.7)IlookforwardtoournextmeetingthereinLosAngeles.8)Yourearlyreplywillbehighlyappreciated.9)Anyo
20、therparticularswantedweshallbepleasedtosendyou.10)Thehelpyougivemeissincerelyvalued.11)Ihopeeverythingwillbewellwithyou.12)Pleaseletusknowifyouwantmoreinformation.13)Ihopeyoualwaysenjoyyourself.14)Iwishyouverysuccessinthecomingyear.15)Pleaseremembermetoyourfamily.16)Withbestregardstoyourfamily.17)Al
21、lthebest.18)Withloveandgoodwishes.四四.信件信件结束语（结束语（ComplimentaryClose）结束语是写信人表示自己对收信人的一种谦称，只占一行，低于正文一二行，从信纸的中间或偏右的地方开始写。第一个词的开头字母要大写，末尾用逗号。结束语视写信人与收信人的关系而定例如写给机关、团体或不相识的人的信，一般用：Yours(very)truly,Yours(very)faithfully,Yours(very)sincerely，等等。写给上级和长者的信一般可用：Yours(very)respectfully,Yours(very)obediently,Yo
22、ursgratefully,Yoursappreciatively,Yourobedientservant,等等。写给同志或同事的信一般可用：Fraternallyyours,Comradelyyours，等等。写给熟人或朋友的信可用：Yours,Everyours,Yoursaffectionately,Asever,YourssincerelyYoursdevotedly,(Most)Fondlyyours,Yoursexcitedly,Intimatelyyours，等等。写给亲属或挚友的信一般用：Yours,Everyours,Yoursasever,Asever,Yoursaffec
23、tionately,Lovinglyyours,(Much)Love,WithLove,Lovingly,Yourlovingson,Yourmostaffectionate,Yourdevotedfriend,Devotedly,等等，意即：“您的”、“永远是您的”、“您的亲爱的”、“您的爱子（孩子、姐妹、侄、侄女、祖母）”、“您的挚友”等。写给挚友的信有时也可用：Yourshurriedly,Yourshastily,Yoursinhaste,等等。写信给挚友，表示歉意时，可用：Contritelyyours,Regretfullyyours,Yoursin(with)regret,You
24、rsin(with)deepremorse等。在欧洲一些国家里，多把Yours放在sincerely等词的前面。在美国和加拿大等国，则多用，把yours放在Sincerely等词之后。Yours一词有时也可省略。四四.信件信件例1Directions：BillgotaDoctorateinliteratureforTsinghuaUniversity.Writealettertocongratulatehim.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearBill,IgotthenewsfromMikethatyouh
25、avereceivedaDoctorateinliteraturefromTsinghuaUniversity.Icongratulateyouforthis.Tohavereachedthismilestoneinyourscholarshipatayoungageisreallygreat.Itmeans,Ibelieve,yearsofassiduousstudyandhardworkonyourpart.Anditisanachievementyoucanbewellproudof.Asyourbestfriend,Ihopeyoucanreachhigherlevelinyourst
26、udyanddomorecontributiontothesociety.Mybestwishestoyou!Sincerely,朋友年轻有为，获得博士学位，应该祝贺。正如信中所说，这一成就是“多年来刻苦学习和努力工作的结果”（yearsofassiduousstudyandhardwork）。英文有一句成语：Nosweetnosweat.世界上不劳有获的事情是没有的。批评、抱怨、投诉模版批评、抱怨、投诉模版Date:_Dear:_Mynameis_.Iam_.Iventuretowriteyoualetterabout_Thefocusofthecomplaintis_Foronething
27、,_.Foranother,_Honestlyspeaking,_.But_.Besides,_Allinall,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement.Idohope_.Thankyouforyourtimeandkindconsideration.Sincerelyyours(Signature)四四.信件信件Autobiography(自传）Outline 出生情况（时间、地点、性别）；受教育情况；工作或学习经历； 个人成长；将来的追求Autobiography(自传）MynameisLiuBao.IwasborninHonghuonFeb.14,1965.
28、myfatherisaworkerinafactoryproducingclothesandshoes.Mymotherisamiddleschoolteacher.Mybrotherownsasmallbookshopnearacollege.Mostofmyfamilymembershelphirunthebookshopwhenwehavetime!Attheageofthirteen,IcametoJingzhoutoattendasecondaryschool.Istayedwithmygrandmother.ForthefirsttimeIrealizedthatnowhereis
29、betterthanhome.Mygrandmothershouseismuchlargerthanthatofoursandfurnishedwithmodernfurniture.However,Istillmissmyparents,brothersandsisters.Autobiography(自传）Onethingllearnedinthosedays(ofleavingawayfrom)homealoneisthatallparentslovetheirchildrensomuchthattheyevensacrificetheirowntimetotakecareoftheir
30、dearchildren.IhopeIwillbealetotreatmyparentswellwhenthegrowold.IowemyknowledgetomyteacherMissLinwhomademestudyhard,especiallyinEnglish.Duringthesummervacation,shegavemefreetutoringinherhouse.IlearnedtoreadEnglishnewspapersandmagazinesandthisopenedmyeyestoalotofinterestingthings.Autobiography(自传）Irem
31、embermyteacheroncesaidthat“Thereisnoshortcutinlearninganything.”Ialsolearntowritesimplelettersandexchangecorrespondencewithpenpalsinforeigncountries.SomeofthemevencametoJingzhoutoseeme.Wereadthoseletterstogetherandhadmuchfuntalkingtoeachother.Ishowedthemourhappylifeandwastoldabouttheirhomelands.Ibel
32、ievethatthisisagoodwaytopromotefriendshiponapeople-to-peoplebasis.Autobiography(自传）Ibegantoteachinaninstitutetwoyearsago,butIsoonfoundthatitwouldntdomemuchgoodtocontinueteaching,becauseIhadlittlechancetolearnmoreaboutthewiderworld.IdontmindworkinghardeverydaybutIwanttolearnmoreandmeetmorepeople.Appl
33、icationLetter求职、应征信是用来直接向某一单位（公司）求取一份工作的申请信。它们没有统一的格式，写求职信时要注意以下几点： 1）同所有的书信一样，应写得认真、有礼貌，对所求职单位加以褒赞，并表示对该单位的向往之情，希望得到该单位工作；2）应详细介绍自己的情况，包括受教育、专业、工作履历、家庭、婚姻等各方面的情况；3）应写清楚求取工作种类、工作级别，给别人一个考虑选择的机会；ApplicationLetter4）应写明自己的联系地址、电话等，最好附上一个已写明邮编、地址的回邮信封，以便对方同你取得联系，并能及时回信；5）如有必要，应随信附上有关的求职、应征材料（如求职推荐信、个人简历
34、、在校时成绩单等），并在信后说明ApplicationLetterDearSir,Iamlookingforapositionasafull-timesecretaryinyourcompany.AsagraduatewithaB.A.inEnglishliteraturefromJiaxingUniversity,IamabletowritelettersandreportsinEnglishforoverseascorrespondenceandbriefingpurpose.Iwouldbepleasedtorenderallmypastexperiencestoyourcompanyf
35、orimprovingyourpresentbusiness.MyreferencesareavailableandImreadytosendthemtoyouuponnotice.Iamlookingforwardtoreceivingyourreplyandqueryinconnectionwithmybackgroundofeducation.Thankyouforyourconsideration,sincerelyyours,Zhang MingDearSir,Ifanabilitytotakedirectionwell,andtocarryoutordersfaithfully,i
36、simportanttoyou,thenImaybeagoodmanforthejobyouadvertisedintheTodayNewspapersofAugust15.ThejobsoundsparticularlyinterestingbecauseitispreciselythekindofworkIhavewantedtodoforyears.MyworkingexperiencethusfarhasIthink,givemetheattitudesandtheunderstandingthatwouldenablemetolearnthedetailsofthepositiony
37、ouveadvertised.Idverymuchappreciatethechancetotalktoyou,andtogetyouropiniononwhethermybackgroundandinclinationswouldbesuitableforthejobyouoffer.Icanbereachedbytelephoneat0717-6395778sincerely,Zhang Li ApplicationLetter议论文议论文写作框架如下： 第一段：现象背景介绍第一段：现象背景介绍+ +引出话题（公众观点引出话题（公众观点+ +大概理由）；大概理由）；第二段：关于话题的相关因
38、素（影响，作用，好处，危害或原因等）；第二段：关于话题的相关因素（影响，作用，好处，危害或原因等）；第三段：陈述自己观点或预期未来。第三段：陈述自己观点或预期未来。 组成一篇文章的三要素是：结构，内容和语言结构，内容和语言。对于此类型的文章，同学们是很难在结构上略胜一筹的； 至于具体内容，也完全不需要推陈出新，因为批卷老师是完全没有时间仔细看理由的。所以，如何体现我们的写作能力和文章价值，关键在于文章遣词造句的质量。 此类文章的高分原则为：第一，在文章中必须有五个左右的衔接词，来体现逻辑性。第二，用词尽量避免重复，体现语言的灵活和升级。第三，尽量使用非陈述句式，如倒装、被动、虚拟语气及插入语等
39、。 辩论式议论文模版1Somepeoplebelieve(argue,recognize,think)that观点1.Butotherpeopletakeanoppositeside.Theyfirmlybelievethat观点2.Asforme,Iagreetotheformer/latteridea.Thereareadozenofreasonsbehindmybelief.Firstofall,论据1.Moreimportantly,论据2.Mostimportantofall,论据3.Insummary,总结观点.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.
40、或:Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测.ThereisnoconsensusofopinionsamongpeopleaboutX(争论的焦点)。Somepeopleareoftheviewthat观点1，whileotherstakeanoppositeside,firmlybelievingthat观点2。AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latternotionispreferableinmanysenses.Thereasonsareobvious.Firstofall,论据1。Furthermore,论据2。Amongallofthes
41、upportingevidences,oneisthestrongest.Thatis,论据3。Anaturalconclusionfromtheabovediscussionisthat总结观点。Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测.辩论式议论文模版2个人观点议论文个人观点议论文Model (1)Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to college students using credit cards_. Some people ar
42、gue that this will lead to a tendency of college students spending money without limitation while others firmly hold that college students are adults and they have the ability to choose whatever way of spending moneyIn my opinion, I think this question should be probed in depth. On one hand, the fir
43、st group is not totally correct because money in a credit card is not countless and the host bank has certain strict disciplines of using credit cards. On the other hand, the second group seems not quite right because there are really some college students who have no self-control when it comes the
44、spending of money.In a word, we can see clearly that the key lies in college students self-control when they go shopping with credit cards. Otherwise the advantages of using credit cards may become a burden to them._ has been one medium of communication that has connected all the people around world
45、. More and more people tend to concern the _, because it is so _ that _.The advantages of _ are obvious to some people. For one thing, in terms of _, _. As a result, _. Consequently, _. For another thing, _.Personally, I side with the former opinion. Because _. However, _.Model(2)解决方法类议论文解决方法类议论文Mod
46、el (1)uIf you fail the exam what will you feel? Of course, you will feel Sad because have to go over what you have learned again. Besides this, there are also other reasons for your sorrow. For one thing, you will not allowed to have a further study on this subject, For another, your parents and you
47、r teachers will be very disappointed at you .uNo easy solution can be taken to cope with the problem of usingdisposable plastic bags, but if we want to make our environment clean, we must take certain measures . Therefore, my viewpoint is that our government should at first ban the producing of disp
48、osable plastic bags There is no doubt that this is the most effective way of solving this problem. Most of us today recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem. Therefore, we should take some measures to deal with it . From above, we can find that the reasons why credit
49、 cards are very popular, are as follows, the primary reason, I think, is that using credit cards is very convenient. For example, you can put lots of money into one card instead of cash. However, you must remember the code of each credit card. Second , if your credit card is lost, you can easily apply for a new one without losing money in it. The third reason actually is the result of college students sense of consumption.Model（2）
