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1、科技英语翻译的基本方法和技巧名词性从句的翻译主语从句主语从句以以 what, who, whether, that, where, why, how, when 等代词引导的等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。What potential energy and kinetic energy really mean will be the content to be discussed in the next article.势能与动能的含义究竟是什么将在下文中予以讨论。Why metals can conduct electricity is a
2、n interesting problem.金属为什么能导电是一个有趣的问题。That energy can be neither created nor destroyed is a very important law in physical science.能量既不能创造也不能消灭是物理学的一条很重要的定律。That like charges repel but opposite charges attract is one of the fundamental laws of electricity.同性电荷相斥、异性电荷相吸是电学的基本定律之一。Whether any of the
3、plastic products causes immediate harm is not known.塑料制品是否会直接危害人体健康目前还不得而知。How the brain manages to think is a conundrum with a millennial time scale.大脑思维问题是个千年不解之迷。When it was first invented is not known.它最初是什么时候发明的，现在还不知道。Where the water has gone can easily be answered.水到哪里去了，这很容易回答。Who will do th
4、e experiment first has not been decided. 谁先做这个实验，尚未决定。形式主语形式主语 it+谓语谓语+ that（whether）引导的从句，汉译时一般先译引导的从句，汉译时一般先译从句再译主句。有时还可在主句之前加上从句再译主句。有时还可在主句之前加上“这这”，以符合汉语的表，以符合汉语的表达习惯。达习惯。It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air.众所周知，物体在水中比在空气中轻。It is no longer a
5、question whether man can fly to the moon.人能否飞上月球，现在已不再是什么问题了。It is due to the development of integrate circuits that there is the possibility to make electronic devices smaller and smaller.正是由于集成电路的研制成功，才有可能把电子器件做得越来越小。It isnt surprising that much of todays medical software is designed to help pract
6、itioners handle the information over load.毫不奇怪，今天许多所设计的医疗软件是用来辅助医生应付信息量超负荷的问题。It is true that the high voltage cable would need to have more insulation.的确，高压电缆需要更好的绝缘。It should be realized that magnetic forces and electric forces are not the same.我们应明确，磁力不同于电力。It is clear that the difference between
7、 elements is in the structure of their atoms.很显然，元素之间的差别就在于它们的原子结构。It is certain that we shall produce this kind of engine.毫无疑问，我们将生产这种发动机。It is common sense that a liquid has no definite shape, but it has a definite volume.液体没有一定形状，但有一定体积，这是普通常识。表语从句表语从句The fact is that an engine may not always do
8、work at its rated horsepower.事实是发动机并非始终以额定马力做功。The question is how the prople can find an effective way to store the suns heat.问题在于人们怎样才能找到一种有效的方式来储藏太阳能。The human body is a little less dense than water,and that is why the buoyant force of water will completely support the body.人体的密度比水略小，这就是水的浮力为什么能使
9、人体浮起的原因。This is what the equation means.这就是此方程式的含义。An object in water is not where it appears to be to a person outside the water.物体在水中的位置与在水外看上去的位置不同。宾语从句宾语从句Scientists have long predicated that computers would one day help speed up the arduous task of translating texts.科学家们早已预言，总有一天计算机将帮我们加快艰巨的文字翻
10、译工作。He is studying how our biological clocks affect the way we do our work.他正在研究生物钟对人们工作方式的影响。Nutritional experiments have make it evident that vitamins are indispensable for ones health and growth.营养实验已经证明，维生素在人们健康和成长中是不可缺少的。We all know that cigarette smoking is hazardous to health and that alcohol
11、 abuse can kill.我们都知道吸烟对人体健康有害，我们也知道酗酒会危害人的生命安全。Take notice that density varies directly as pressure if other conditions do not change.注意，如果其他条件不变，密度与压力成正比。同位语从句同位语从句The suggestion that we should develop the natural resources in this region has been discussed.关于我们应该开发本地区自然资源的建议已经被讨论过了。There is no po
12、ssibility that human beings will ever be controlled by robots.人类不可能受机器人控制。There is general acknowledgment that characteristics of an individual are a result of an interaction of genetics and environment.众所周知，某一个体的特性是遗传和环境相互作用的结果。The century ahead will see the first laboratory proof that self-replica
13、ting systems can form from ordinary chemicals.下个世纪将通过实验证明自复制系统可以由普通化学物质形成。The idea that continents broke and drifted apart is known as the hypothesis.认为大陆曾经断裂并漂离的设想叫做大陆漂移假说。试译下列各主语从句：It is known to all why metals have been widely used in industry.That substances expand when heated and contract when
14、cooled is a common physical phenomenon.What the TV camera does is to break the picture up into a number of lines consisting of very small points of light.Whether a body is in a state of motion or rest is always relative.How hot the sun really is can hardly be described in word.Key:大家都知道金属为什么在工业上会得到广
15、泛的应用。物质热胀冷缩是一个普通的物理现象。电视摄象机的功能就是把图象分解成许许多多由小光点组成的线条。一个物体究竟是处于运动状态还是静止状态，总是相对的。太阳究竟有多热，简直难以用文字描述。试译下列各表语从句：This is what the second law of motion means.Another poperty of acid is that they have ability to combine with compounds known as bases.It is because a conductor carrying a curent is surrounded b
16、y a magnetic field.Galileos greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the su rather than around the Earth.The truth is that men are developed from anthropoid apes.Key:这就是第二运动定律的含义。酸的另一个特性是它们能够同
17、称为碱的化合物化合。这是因为载流导体周围有一个磁场。伽里略最光辉的业绩在于他在1609年第一个把新发明的望远镜对准天空，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转，而不是围绕地球旋转。真实情况就是人类是从类人猿进化而来的。试译下列各宾语从句：Notice that not all mechanical energy is knietic energy.The weather forecast says typhoon No. 6 this year will come to our city tomorrow morning.The World Health Organization estimates tha
18、t 1.7 billion people are inflected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.It is necessary to determine how much fuel will be consumed.Our scientists believe that we will set up space stations some day in the future.Key:要注意，并非所有的机械能都是动能。天气预报说今年的六号台风明晨到达我市。世界卫生组织估计有17亿人感染上了肺结核。必须确定要消耗多少燃料。我们的科学家相信我们将来总有一天是要建
19、立起航天站的。试译下列各同位语从句：The general statement can be made that wherever there is motion there is friction.There can be no doubt that genetic engineering is a wonderful new tool.The fact that copper and aluminum are widely used for electronic wire is well known.Doctors are of the opinion that most people cannot live beyond 100 years.However, the writing of chemical symbols in the form of an equation does not give any assurance that the reaction shown will actually occur.Key:一般说来，有运动就有摩擦。毫无疑问，基因工程是一项崭新而奇妙的技术。铜和铝广泛用来制作电缆，这是人所共知的事实。医生们认为大多数人不能活过100岁。但是将化学符号写成反应式并不意味着所表示的反应确实会发生。
