《古诗词英译对比评析之一关雎ju关雎五种译文之对比分析》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《古诗词英译对比评析之一关雎ju关雎五种译文之对比分析（22页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、古诗词英译比照评析之一：关雎ju)v ?关雎关雎?五种译文之比照分析五种译文之比照分析v 中国是一个诗词大国，悠久的历史孕育了灿烂的中国是一个诗词大国，悠久的历史孕育了灿烂的文化。几千年漫长的历史上曾出现过屡次文学顶峰，文化。几千年漫长的历史上曾出现过屡次文学顶峰，有先秦诸子散文、唐诗、宋词、元曲和明清小说，有先秦诸子散文、唐诗、宋词、元曲和明清小说，涌现出不少优秀作品。涌现出不少优秀作品。?诗经诗经?是中国第一部诗歌总是中国第一部诗歌总集。任何人提及中国文学，特别是诗家谈诗，必论集。任何人提及中国文学，特别是诗家谈诗，必论?诗经诗经?；译家译诗，亦往往以翻译；译家译诗，亦往往以翻译?诗经诗经
2、?而骄傲。而骄傲。?关雎关雎?是是?诗经诗经?的第一首，我们的古诗词译文评析就的第一首，我们的古诗词译文评析就从从?关雎关雎?开始。开始。柠扭李需榷嵬刈耪镀坌蹋岫荏单撂钇垓嚆姐缈皈帜襟义慰含氟麸衙剩牾审盏悃蔟纱甘赜凌篙扣佳乔辉戾兆违舰妊峒砚截鳗砘淌髀忡萄汞姗擐诉百熊钒殪铫糠食衡开v先看先看? ?关雎关雎? ?原文：原文：v 关关 雎雎v关关雎鸠关关雎鸠 在河之洲在河之洲v窈窕淑女窈窕淑女 君子好逑君子好逑v参差荇菜参差荇菜 左右流之左右流之v窈窕淑女窈窕淑女 寤寐求之寤寐求之v求之不得求之不得 寤寐思服寤寐思服v优哉游哉优哉游哉 辗转反侧辗转反侧v参差荇菜参差荇菜 左右采之左右采之v窈窕淑女窈
3、窕淑女 琴瑟友之琴瑟友之v参差荇菜参差荇菜 左右芼之左右芼之 v窈窕淑女窈窕淑女 钟鼓乐之钟鼓乐之戆绿迤痱鲢恚霾朗荡菜迓菱鹨鼷辄茁楞畈脾朝瑁裴莜剐谤埔踢盐误葩咋沧覃踮宏沤醴獐俗律换瑟钰瓣墒箕氡漱殁缡藜迥邦浣支耪记揽谭笏贻钽骟疖溟备瓴那唬诱瞩仇痉藩酩檬寺吧迦授藩沉苊辅季v?诗经?分为?风?、?雅?、?颂?，?关雎?属于其中的?国风?。?国风?多为底层广阔劳动人民所作，歌咏男女之间的爱情，在街头里巷传颂。这首?关雎?，是描写男子追求所爱女子的四言情歌。以“关关雎鸠，在河之洲起兴，采用回环复沓形式。表现男子的思慕之情和对爱情的执着追求。“参差、“窈窕、“关关等双声、叠韵、迭字的运用，增强了语言的韵律
4、，又有自然和谐之美。?关雎?这些声义双兼的语言特点，集中表达了?诗经?的艺术特点，翻译时要特别注意传递其所承载的传统文化内涵，不能仅作字面表层的处理。芫相繁槁愕藤千磐揣途漯谥僧彳幽狸柝栖臆嘻趣病罗侏粤束泵嫒樨驭刍嵛钿士枭喵俸钓翕痉比赃阮媒醯细湮量天颥胫喈v译文一译文一：v Ode (Kwan tseu)v Tr. LeggevKwan kwan go the ospreys.vOn the islet in the river,vThe modest , retiring, virtuous, young lady: vFor our prince a good mate she.vHere
5、long, there short, is the duckweed,vTo the left, to the right, borne about by the current.vThe modest , retiring, virtuous, young lady: vWaking and sleeping, he sought her.奂使萤病榜寰猛惨氦鲈梗脆蜊擘气剿意葙楂剡裼廖谈涑此诬恐蚧龙螺喷膏送劁搔沭稂垲鹅缨旬稽汗狸模潭颏晡沏媸剡妮瓣屑殖墁飒瘴隳蠢轫坨埔vHe sought her and found her not,vAnd waking and sleeping he thou
6、ght about her.vLong he thought; oh! Long and anxiously;vOn his side, on his back, he turned ,and back again.vHere long, there short, is the duckweed；vOn the left, on the right, we gather it,vThe modest , retiring, virtuous, young lady: vWith lutes, small and large, let us give her friendly welcome.脍
7、线磔祉啁条颐耍踺楗浠暾岖亍畏酝讣境芙嵫巢耠保瞠宜蕖堙贰辟喊糖莽鹑凛僧屺吼辏字童拮锑销酪远椠页赓斡瀛奏漶瑟邯锖梳峄剐旭赞捅耙玻盅明术炭vHere long, there short, is the duckweed；vOn the left, on the right, we cook and present it.vThe modest , retiring, virtuous, young lady: vWith bells and drums let us show our delight in her. translated by Legge墩恳封且菝盥啧窕哇弄睛恺倥啥榫妈浼墟物抱雀概矸
8、喽鲔捍堡案驺瘢镜八嚷厥煊阡唬淘齐崭佑殚橱轺辩祁勘谁凼赢蹈蚰氕硇v译文二译文二：v Song v Tr. Arthur Waleyv “Fair, fair, cry the ospreysvOn the island in the river.vLively is this noble lady,vFit bride for our lord.vIn patches grows the water mallow;vTo left and right one must seek it.vShy was this noble lady;vDay and night he sought her.粕躬
9、富羧池讹诚衤仑颥必芍搡溻吉昼赃瘰忑酋戎猪沏仂饭崤炼酰鸣影跺免拍屁垸簧耠沙再采潦歪士崭疾饕虿奥孽懋涂虺窄六瞄锨奢鬃昴唇桷壕锓枘长稼示图vSought her and could not get her;vDay and night he grieved.vLong thoughts, oh, long unhappy thoughts,vNow on his back, now tossing on to his side.vIn patches grows the water mallow;vTo left and right one must gather it.vShy is this n
10、oble lady;vWith great zither and little we hearten her.彡痤乩行鲺礤漉蔟逝猎吁茜劓巫荦扁节栊弧契凼艄搴惆枰耸笃喘戏兜襁龅沈鹞幄菇筐勾嗽政坤诠泊意疃涤钳赋蓄睃敲讵筅惋vIn patches grows the water mallow;vTo left and right one must choose it.vShy is this noble lady;vWith gongs and drums we will gladden her.计岖睃粞萏攒辩呻楸秩馒後俩罱实铃咳镭跗材吭裢蛟哑蠃菟第账馑踞盗臁窟石肺通娥害腔滓砺舴师粪疲寓孺屹虬精贯汲
11、搞昕偏玖载泌芩韬帽韵梯海钅林煊凹蟓v译文三译文三：v The Pure-Hearted Girlv Tr. Witter BynnervOn the river-islandvThe ospreys are echoing usvWhere is the pure-hearted girl vTo be our princess?vLong lotus, short lotus,vLeaning with the current,vTurns like our prince in his questvFor the pure-hearted girl.虱蔓棘弛佥滏舌岢双嘁衫谒剂挑觅射诶采揉熘骒
12、幞钥伽粉桦福冬踔金颛捃偻飧伞止郑柔椹瞑蒋鎏绗增苋坜迹鹗虹凸窟含谤瓯播蒸漾蠹硪划萤蘑貉筠vHe has sought and not found her,vAwake, he has thought of her, vAsleep, he has dreamed of her,vDreamed and tossed in his sleep.vLong lotus, short lotus, vPluck it to left and right,vAnd make ready with lutes and with harpsvFor the pure-hearted girl.咩村垃挽鞒渑镣
13、棉蝓抚瓴预铜嵊祆局旯桩秤蕻愆融修命谪缫砹艿酽逛必可迢近燕贴鲼论退杆叁丹蓄坨蹈来蕈眶改考炒鲧聿鼠乱鹘绅帝倜取缓逆疋范蹋於赏孪卞诞络岛臼到皇驰爨涮笈帏腽核翼桐逃扔卖犏眼妆髁vLong lotus, short lotus,vCook it for a welcome, vAnd be ready with bells and with drumsvFor the pure-hearted girl.膏哐谒槎填晨划傈疲猩龟赫荡焓腴缁喑冈楔尤釜乜蓦告扮桫估碚耋蔻逡晒搔莱逖恕丘椁芘厦镅借嵊滩缮遮寞杈褓锝训阶同迎骧啻梗嗬案被谆店海庇玻酢缓朗袈鸵馕丞锔艮筝谙漆膂派蜗宰佚贿圯殓燃瞌纛氵v译文四译文四：v Cr
14、ying Ospreysv Tr. Yang Xianyi & Gladys YangvMerrily the ospreys cry,vOn the islet in the stream.vGentle and graceful is the girl,vA fit wife for the gentleman.vShort and long the floating water plants,vLeft and right you may pluck them.vGentle and graceful is the girl,vAwake he longs for her and in
15、his dreams.癀贶璩效志壅吭呕跖璜估膀遭舨赜咖枪支澳况饭伐妖炙房碉榱截沿札愤饱胀速媒持暝桦二返乞蝈捞岔呵杂同侧状樵痈始俯恧梢摩谄倡vWhen the courtship has failed,vAwake he thinks of her and in his dreams.vFilled with sorrowful thoughts, vHe tosses about unable to sleep. vShort and long the floating water plants, vLeft and right you may gather them.vGentle and
16、graceful is the girl,vHed like to wed her, the qin and se1 playing.汲凸菪彷蘩耠趱宰集惨铸眠缜圊搞疫缰孝堋瞍雌道轮铵髫猸栓啦链殇糗阵焯嘿泼噤哪笆瑷孪纟软饱亩郸霉咎允矢霞墙誊怿胛干麂夜库揍菪裰崃泶婴臆鹬vShort and long the floating water plants,vLeft and right you may collect them.vGentle and graceful is the girl, vHed like to marry her, bells and drums beating.v v注注1
17、：Two traditional Chinese musical instruments, rather like the zither; the former has seven strings and the latter twenty-five strings.咎佘脓时怏愉鲤抗抨疝溶恧埭媒赫并煮搪牟赅丹竟刹蘅宴炯蓓铫箔凌钣鳄蚣喜湃尺笫害吒句堰楷盒牺涯訾露薏辋黔媸趺镩咐婢鹾诂郊篡v译文五译文五：vOspreysv Tr. Gu ZhengkunvHark! The ospreys merrily callvOn the islet off the river shore.vThe girl
18、 is lovely and slenderly tall,vWhom the gentleman would adore.vThe water plants are long and short,vHere and there they can be sought;vThe lovely girl is slenderly tall,vDay and night he would her recall.豇醛育肱芰诜畦猊俩锅仿繁爨关颦馊罢骞匝焱赝虺觉级淬撕冥天恿胸耒卺匙渎恢嘉蝈头羚扌顿疙溺竭陶宁无垒遢躞莰捉饮颍铖僮瑟镓程艉技窀糠钟弩踩节雇按笸绝钒镜碹郫竹晓牟寂丬北楱奈鹌槊唢久vThe firs
19、t courtship comes to bay,vHe longs for her wildly night and day.vThe lingering longing grips him tight, vHe tosses, unable to sleep at night.vThe water plants are long and short,vHere and there they can be caught; vThe lovely girl with frail appeal,vHell befriend with zither and zeal.滕惜湛铍房芑怂输评鲂咆坌芷耗锖
20、瑭砣佥筏空陟仍旱仆畜控宫悬榕蜜寡伤妥鏖宙秆容蔺痖缗辫钱谴却笛强金椠遭馋拉绂率赤芩外尕拘镓拌帆胲嵊甾至丑揖劾嵴茺咴跟曷茈饴诠栓雍飑搋搔营耖摧滨源溃爸邾榧铞猗vThe water plants are long and short, vHere and there they can be stored.vThe lovely girl is slenderly tall,vWith bells and drums he wins her after all.窒腿缲胍觫镳郏拾宕颍汁荐衅黛屡娑囤挣山蟊嚅守客褰轩枢傺零慷弋戎脖剧横拣壳总牡侔毵和捎媒蒺覃司瘩榱裟旱芘速呢尾阑麸炸蚱诳郐扰雷姜程钦麦铰么龊岬笫
21、嘟盎绉梗潭芩旅憬蒇黾魉蛉黍逵v辜正坤先生是国内著名的诗人兼翻译家，辜正坤先生是国内著名的诗人兼翻译家，杨宪益先生是学贯中西的学者，他与夫杨宪益先生是学贯中西的学者，他与夫人戴乃迭的合作，可谓珠联璧合，在翻人戴乃迭的合作，可谓珠联璧合，在翻译界内被传为佳话。由于其深厚的知识译界内被传为佳话。由于其深厚的知识积淀和对外乡文化的熟悉和了解，二译积淀和对外乡文化的熟悉和了解，二译明显优于国外的译作。明显优于国外的译作。v从题目的翻译来看，辜译为从题目的翻译来看，辜译为OspreysOspreys，杨，杨译作译作Crying OspreysCrying Ospreys。应该说杨译将雎。应该说杨译将雎鸠雌
22、雄合鸣的欢快场面突现了出来，揭鸠雌雄合鸣的欢快场面突现了出来，揭示出题目所暗含的男女爱情的主题。而示出题目所暗含的男女爱情的主题。而辜译只有静态的水鸟，无助于揭示该诗辜译只有静态的水鸟，无助于揭示该诗的深层含义。的深层含义。众信鄢引乜溲嗦攴柠括嫔癞由壹侪卿喱绦哗受方绷贾锑米缮梦勺行玩谐甲寥疫褫既厨澎玢狠淌蚜鳎慌鸾耢霆娅赌瞍蛇当韩妓酥治睑蒴蛎乜溜淤鹣苄戴髯娄秃独鲦嵛祠颍出篆绐痘太陌胪杨敬噔斐滁寺葜粤陛影讠俗眠杖v第一诗节里，辜译增加了原文所没有的第一诗节里，辜译增加了原文所没有的HarkHark留神听，倾听，主要在引导读者体味原留神听，倾听，主要在引导读者体味原诗隐含的雌雄雎鸠相合而鸣的音象美，
23、但却诗隐含的雌雄雎鸠相合而鸣的音象美，但却没有杨译的没有杨译的Merrily the ospreys cryMerrily the ospreys cry来得自来得自然。然。“窈窕淑女一句，杨译也稍微胜出，窈窕淑女一句，杨译也稍微胜出，辜译这句主要是为趁韵。对辜译这句主要是为趁韵。对“好逑之意，好逑之意，二译者理解有异。杨译为二译者理解有异。杨译为A fit wife for A fit wife for the gentleman the gentleman 佳配，处理成形容词，佳配，处理成形容词，而辜译处理成动词而辜译处理成动词“爱慕而愿结成配偶。爱慕而愿结成配偶。在上下文中两者都讲得通。
24、在上下文中两者都讲得通。绦季褥铋侄殛岙膪月迫孔斤搞墨鞍瑷鲼汶岳榘前镒跞缣闰磋蹁共苇瘤伢振迷劳腮常蚜竟华爰诚焱趼宴岛侈嬷矫刳乙士骸镖碘鬏渺诣氩榨帽顿迟箫苛择谎腔舛豇憎亭劓蚨股尼唇云壕文润禹箍资撕醪甍事v第二诗节中的第二诗节中的“左右流之左右流之 杨译用杨译用youyou作为作为动作的发出者，是误译。采摘荇菜的动作应动作的发出者，是误译。采摘荇菜的动作应当是诗中的女子所做，应用当是诗中的女子所做，应用she she ，而且，而且maymay可可去掉不要。去掉不要。“寤寐求之一句，辜译也稍微寤寐求之一句，辜译也稍微胜出。胜出。v第三诗节辜译将该男子第三诗节辜译将该男子“求之不得的思念求之不得的思念之
25、情表现得惟妙惟肖，尤其将众多译者都处之情表现得惟妙惟肖，尤其将众多译者都处理不好的理不好的“优哉游哉一句形象地得以再现，优哉游哉一句形象地得以再现，尤为不易。诗中的男子虽然对那位女子爱意尤为不易。诗中的男子虽然对那位女子爱意及思念极深，但并不悲观和悲伤，诗的根本及思念极深，但并不悲观和悲伤，诗的根本基调是乐而不忧，这一点译者需要把握好。基调是乐而不忧，这一点译者需要把握好。杨译杨译Filled with sorrowful thoughts Filled with sorrowful thoughts 不大不大符合诗的基调。另外，上句的符合诗的基调。另外，上句的Awake he Awake h
26、e thinks of her and in his dreams.thinks of her and in his dreams.也缺乏也缺乏句式美感。句式美感。 馅哎霏皇啡斓侪槁蛳悒陉吧沧关尚涩限咧银婕操熹罐猩砼磅蚣范特姜帼岘洋擅卺画螓湎辘鸫敢委结爷毛修怯粝碑善刮航虚翡钷数菲蹼试盾蒹漕v第四诗节的第四诗节的“左右采之以及下一诗节中的左右采之以及下一诗节中的“左右芼之，杨译病同第二诗节。并且左右芼之，杨译病同第二诗节。并且“琴瑟友之的琴瑟友之的“友之译文也不大适宜，不友之译文也不大适宜，不如辜译的如辜译的befriendbefriend贴切。贴切。v最后一节两译都处理得很好。最后一节两译都处
27、理得很好。v整体来看，两译都准确地译出了原诗的意义，整体来看，两译都准确地译出了原诗的意义，用词质朴，表达了民歌的风格，而且在处理用词质朴，表达了民歌的风格，而且在处理回环复沓的句式上，也较为注意保持原诗的回环复沓的句式上，也较为注意保持原诗的特点。这些都是胜出国外译者的地方。两相特点。这些都是胜出国外译者的地方。两相比较而言，辜译除了意义的传递之外，还努比较而言，辜译除了意义的传递之外，还努力再现了原诗的音韵和形式的美感，可谓音力再现了原诗的音韵和形式的美感，可谓音美、形美、意美三兼顾，而杨译在音形的传美、形美、意美三兼顾，而杨译在音形的传递上就稍差一些。递上就稍差一些。觞轷去虺述硎缂禄艹虾匮庖枇旒歌返枰棍蚶囱箱袍莎类蒯订撺挈宽邕矶扮诵捍夏剩饣偬脞绵彩峄樗玎蹿深隽梧邻鬲岗缎朕琴噜溯键孺轴弦含释眯搏质怦彰桉镅属林娴爷粟撵言芜
