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1、形容词和副词的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级比较级和最高级 梅河口市第二实验中学梅河口市第二实验中学 王秀萍王秀萍请你思考：什么是形容词和副词？请你思考：什么是形容词和副词？ 形容词形容词用于修饰名词，表示人或事物的属性或用于修饰名词，表示人或事物的属性或 特征等。特征等。 副词副词是用来说明动作或状态的特征是用来说明动作或状态的特征, ,说明时间，说明时间， 地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词、形容词形容词、 副词副词、短语或句子。短语或句子。 形容词和副词的级别形容词和副词的级别大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级原级 比较级比较级
2、 最高级最高级请你观察：形容词和副词比较等级的变化规律请你观察：形容词和副词比较等级的变化规律long longer longestnice nicer nicestbig bigger biggestearly earlier earliestinteresting more interesting most interestingcarefully more carefully most carefullyfriendly more friendly most friendly friendlier friendliestgood better bestmany/much more mos
3、t原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级请你请你总结：形容词和副词比较等级构成的规律总结：形容词和副词比较等级构成的规律一一. . 规则变化：规则变化：1.1.单音节和部分双音节词单音节和部分双音节词, ,在词尾直接加在词尾直接加- -er,-ester,-est2.2.以字母以字母e e结尾的结尾的, ,加加- -r,-str,-st3.3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母， 双写此字母双写此字母, ,再加再加- -er,ester,est4.4.以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”+y”结尾的，把结尾的，把y y变成变成i i，再加再加- - er,este
4、r,est5.5.多音节词和大部分双音节词多音节词和大部分双音节词, ,在词的前面加在词的前面加moremore 或或mostmost6.6.有些双音节词既可用有些双音节词既可用more,mostmore,most形式，又可用形式，又可用- - er,-ester,-est形式形式请你牢记：请你牢记：一，要双写再加一，要双写再加- -er,-ester,-est的词有哪些？的词有哪些？hot big fat thin red wet sad glad 二二. 不规则变化的词有哪些？不规则变化的词有哪些？原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/bad
5、lyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldolderoldesteldereldestfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest请请给出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级给出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级tallnearlargethinhotfunnyhappybeautifulquicklyquietlittletaller tallest nearer nearestthinner thinnest larger largest hotter hottestfunnier funniesthappier happ
6、iestmore beautiful most beautifulmore quickly most quicklyquieter quietestless least温馨提示：温馨提示：1.1.类似类似 slowlyslowly, , quicklyquickly 这样的双音节词，虽然也是辅这样的双音节词，虽然也是辅2.2. 音字母加音字母加y y结尾，但这里的结尾，但这里的 - -lyly 是表示副词的后缀，是表示副词的后缀，因因3.3. 此比较级和最高级的构成是在单词前加此比较级和最高级的构成是在单词前加moremore和和mostmost。4.4.2. 2. 强调程度时，形容词和副词前
7、可加上强调程度时，形容词和副词前可加上too,very,so, too,very,so, 5.5. quite quite等。比较级前则要加上等。比较级前则要加上much, even, a much, even, a little, little, 6.6. a lot, still, a bit a lot, still, a bit 等词等词( (组组) )，表示程度。，表示程度。3.3. farther farther 常指时间、距离上的远。常指时间、距离上的远。furtherfurther可以代替可以代替 fartherfarther，还常用于引伸和抽象的意义，表示还常用于引伸和抽象的
8、意义，表示“进一步，进一步， 更深刻，更深入等更深刻，更深入等”。4. older4. older表示年龄大小或年代的久远，表示年龄大小或年代的久远，elderelder表示兄弟姐表示兄弟姐 妹之间的长幼关系。妹之间的长幼关系。形容词和副词原级的用法：形容词和副词原级的用法：2. as + 2. as + 原级原级 + as “+ as “和和一样一样”You are as tall as me. = You are as tall as I (am).This computer runs as fast as that one.3. not as3. not as(so)(so) + + 原
9、级原级 + as “+ as “不如不如/ /没有没有”This jacket is not as(so) cheap as that one. She has not as(so) many books as I have.1.用来直接描述人物或动作用来直接描述人物或动作。2. John is a tall boy. Rabbits run fast. Our country is beautiful and strong.形容词和副词比较级的用法：形容词和副词比较级的用法：1. 1. 比较级比较级 + than “+ than “比比更更” You are taller than me.
10、= You are taller than I (am). I think his writing is more beautiful than yours.3. 3. 比较级比较级 + and + + and + 比较级比较级 “ “越来越越来越” The weather is getting warmer and warmer. Our school is getting more and more beautiful.4. the + 4. the + 比较级比较级,the + ,the + 比较级比较级 “ “越越,越越”The more exercise you do, the he
11、althier you will become.2. 2. 比较级比较级 ( ( 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句) )， or ? “ or ? “哪个更哪个更?”?” Which is longer, this one or that one?形容词和副词最高级的用法：形容词和副词最高级的用法：1.1.the + the + 最高级最高级 + (+ (名词名词) + ) + 表示范围的短语或从句表示范围的短语或从句 2.2. “ “是最是最” Bob is the tallest boy in our school. He is the kindest man that I have ever met
12、. Li Tao jumps (the) farthest of all. She is the most careful student of us three.4.one of the+4.one of the+最高级最高级( (形形)+)+名词名词( (复复)+)+表示范围的短语表示范围的短语 “ “是是当中最当中最之一之一” Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.注注: :形容词最高级前一般要加形容词最高级前一般要加the,the,副词最高级前可加可不加副词最高级前可加可不加3.3.最高级最高级 ( ( 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句) )
13、， or ? “ or ? “哪个更哪个更?”?” Who is the youngest, Jim, Tom or Jenny?2. the second(third )+2. the second(third )+最高级最高级+(+(名词名词)+ )+ 表示范围表示范围 的短语的短语 “ “是第二是第二( (三三)”)” The Chongming Island is the third biggest island in China.用括号内形容词或副词的适当形式填空用括号内形容词或副词的适当形式填空: :1.This horse is very _ (strong), but that
14、 horse is 2. much _ (strong) than this one.2.Its so late, so I drive the car _(slowly) than 3. usual.3. The _(little) you eat, the _(thin) you are.4. The Beijing Library is one of _(big) libraries in China.5. The street is as _(long) as that one, but it is_ (wide) than that one.6. His drawing isnt s
15、o _(good) as yours.7. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it becomes _(small) and _(small).8. This piano is _(expensive) than the other two. It is _(expensive) of the three.9. Which is _(difficult), English, physics or biology?strongstrongerlesslongsmallermore expensivethe most difficultm
16、ore slowlygoodthe biggestwidersmallerthe most expensivethinner1.He jumps_of the three.A.far B.further C.farther D. farthest2.There are _girls in the Class Two than inClass Four.A.more B. nicest C. most D. best3.Whose sweater is _of all?A.cheaper B.cheap C.cheapst D.the cheapest4.Peter is _than his b
17、rother .A.more fatter B.much fatter C.very fat D.the fattest5.Which month has _days in a year ? Februry.A.fewer B.more C. the fewest D. the most 单项选择同义句转换，每空一词：同义句转换，每空一词：1. Mike is not so/as tall as Jack. Jack is _ _ Mike.2. He is the youngest in his class. He is younger than _ _ _ in his class. 3.
18、 The cheetah is faster than any other animal in the world. The cheetah is _ _ animal in the world. (同上同上) 4. Japanese is less useful than Chinese. Japanese _ as/so useful _ Chinese. taller thanany other student the fastestisntas 完成句子完成句子1.Jack和和Mike一样高。一样高。2.Lily和和Lucy跳得同样远。跳得同样远。3.他比你高多了。他比你高多了。 4.
19、格林小姐的房间是所有房间中最干净的。格林小姐的房间是所有房间中最干净的。5.北京变得越来越美丽。北京变得越来越美丽。Jack is Mike.Lily jumps Lucy.He is you.Miss Greens room is . Beijing is becoming .as tall asas far asmuch taller thanthe cleanest of allmore and more beautiful1.Sorry,this box is as _as that one .I cant carry it.(heavy) (吉林省2009)2.The Changji
20、ng River is _river in China. A.the longest B.long C.longer D.the longer (2009)3.Tom is a good runner .He runs_than his friends. A.fast B. faster C. slower D. slowerest （2008）4.-Who is _running star in your school? -_I think Jim is. (2007) A.famous B. more famous C.the most famous D.less famous5. Lets go by plane.Its_than by train. A.faster B.fastest C. slower D. slowest. Make your own sentences with comparative degrees and superlative degrees.Homework
