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1、BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Lecturor: Dong XiaoyeLecturor: Dong XiaoyeStudents: English majors of 07. 2Students: English majors of 07. 2Time: The 2nd semester of 08-09Time: The 2nd semester of 08-09Venue: 416, No. 2 BuildingVenue: 416, No. 2 BuildingReference Book: CCE 4Reference Book: CCE 4Les
2、son 1 Thinking as a HobbyBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Quotations on Thinking“What is the hardest task in the world? To think.” Ralph Waldo EmersonThe end of Quotations on Thinking.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Text AppreciationI.Text Analysis 1. Theme2. Structure3. General Analysis4. Further
3、Questions on AppreciationII. Writing Devices 1. Metonymy 4. Hyperbole 2. Synecdoche 5. Simile 3. Irony 6. MetaphorIII. Sentence ParaphraseBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I.Text AnalysisThinking is not just for professional thinkers like philosophers. It is something all educated people should enjoy
4、 doing, and it is considered one of the most precious qualities in young scholars for the healthy mental development. ThemeThe end of Theme.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Part 1 (Paras. 124 ) about:Part 2 (Paras. 2529) about:Part 3 (Paras. 3035) about:I.Text AnalysisStructureHow the subject of thi
5、nking was first brought up to the author and his understanding of the nature of “grade-three thinking” The authors analysis of the nature of “grade-two thinking” The end of Structure.The authors understanding of the “grade-one thinking” and his desire for itBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I.Text An
6、alysisHow are the three statuettes described by the boy and what do they symbolize?Scan the text and list out the related information.To be continued on the next page.VenusLeopardRodins Thinkernaked with nothing but a bath towel; no arms; in an unfortunate positioncrouching; nakednaked, muscular, wh
7、o sat, looking down; his chin on his fist and elbow on his kneefrozen in panic, worrying about the towelbusying being beautifulready to spring down at the top drawer from the cupboardutterly miserable; contemplate the hindquarters of the leopard in endless gloombusy being naturalnot miserable, an im
8、age of pure thoughtBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I.Text AnalysisThey represented the whole of life. The leopard stood for all animal needs or desires; Venus stood for love and the Thinker stood for thinking as a uniquely human feature.An humorous and sarcastic effect has been achieved by the auth
9、ors description of the statuettes, which established a background to support his later analysis of three grades of thinking and some human natures.To be continued on the next page.Question: What do the three statuettes symbolize? What effect do the boys descriptions have?BTLEWLBTLEWLesson 1Thinking
10、as a Hobby I.Text AnalysisTo be continued on the next page.Question: How did the author describe the following figures to demonstrate his analyses of different grades of thinking?Headmaster: nothing human in his eyes, no possibility of communication (not understand his students)Me, the boy: delinque
11、nt, not integrated, misunderstanding the symbolic meaning of the statuettes, couldnt thinkMr. Houghton: ruined by alcohol, preaching high-moral life but showing hypocritical and prejudiced natureA pious lady: who hated German with the proposition of loving enemiesBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I.T
12、ext AnalysisTo be continued on the next page.Ruth: foolish argument, illogical and fled at lastBritish Prime Minister: talking about the great benefit conferring on India by jailing Nehru and GandhiAmerican politicians: talking about peace and refusing to join the League of NationsMe, the author: no
13、t easily stampede, detect contradiction; turned into a professional thinkerQuestion: How did the author describe the following figures to demonstrate his analyses of different grades of thinking?BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I.Text AnalysisThe summary of the characteristics of the three grades of
14、 thinking Grade-threeGrade-twoGrade-onecharacteristicsexamplesIgnorance, hypocrisy, prejudice, self-satisfied, contradictionsMr. Houghton, nine tens of peopleDetecting contradictions; do not stampede easily; lag behind, a withdrawal, destroy but not createRuth, the author, (maybe) some acquaintances
15、To find out what is truth, based on a logical moral systemfar and few between, only in booksthinkingThe end of General Analysis.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby 1. What does the author mean when he say “ I dropped my hobby and turned professional”?2. Why is the author much more conclusive and inform
16、ative about grade-three and grade-two thinking than about grade-one? What do you think grade-one thinking is? Have you got any indication from the essay?3. Give examples of Goldings wit. Does his sense of humor and the use of some writing devices help him achieve his purpose in this essay? Give some
17、 examples. I.Text AnalysisFurther Questions on AppreciationThe end of Text Analysis.BTLEWLBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.Writing DevicesMetonymy （转喻）In metonymy, an idea is evoked or named by means of term designating some associated notion. “It” stands for “thought” in grammar, but actually re
18、fers to Mr. Houghton, and it is vulgar to refer to a girl as a skirt.It will lecture on disinterested purity while its neck is being remorselessly twisted toward a skirt. (Para. 23)Mr. HoughtonMore examples To be continued on the next page.girlsBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.Writing Devices The
19、 burglar was in Sallys mind all day long. (burglar=some idea of the burglar) Democracy favors the vote rather than the bullet. (Vote=election, bullet=military solutions) “Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun.” (Mao Zedong refers it to the military revolution) Bill Gates is the king of op
20、erating systems worldwide. (Bill Gates = Microsoft) The pen is mightier than the sword. (pen = writer; sword = fighter)ComparisonsynecdocheTo be continued on the next page.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.Writing DevicesSynecdoche （提喻）To be continued on the next page.Synecdoche can be included in
21、 metonymy, and it refers to the substitution of the part for the whole or of the whole for the part. If we were counting heads, the Buddhists were the boys for my money. (Para. 27) (head = person) There are two mouths to feed in my family. (mouth = person) God bless the hands that prepared this food
22、. (hand = person)BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.Writing DevicesIrony （反语）To be continued on the next page.Irony is the expression of ones meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect. Technically, it is about as proficient as most bus
23、inessmens golf, as honest as most politicians intentions, or as coherent as most books that get written. (Para. 23) Mr. Houghton was given to high-minded monologues about the good life, sexless and full of duty. (Para. 20)BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.Writing DevicesTo be continued on the next
24、 page.It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. For instance.You could hear the wind, trapped in his chest and struggling with all the unnatural impediments. His body would reel with shock and his face go white at the unaccustomed visitation. He would stagger bac
25、k to his desk and collapse there, useless for the rest of the morning. (Para. 19)Hyperbole （夸张）BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.Writing DevicesTo be continued on the next page.Simile （明喻）It makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. To
26、make the comparison, words like “as”, “as. as”, “as if” and “like” are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other. They all came tumbling down like so many rotten apples off a tree. (Para. 31) Man enjoys agreement as cows will graze all the same way on the side of a hill. (Para.
27、 24)BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.Writing DevicesMetaphor （暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. He seems to me ruled not by thought but by an invisible and irresistible spring in his neck. (Para. 20) It took the swimmer some distance from the shore and left him there, out of his depth. (Para. 29)The end of Writing Devices.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Thinking as a HobbyTo be continued
