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1、上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Book 2应应 用用 型型 大大 学学 英英 语语 系系 列列 教教 程程 Application-oriented college English Course 2上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 BackNextLanguage Skills DevelopmentLanguage in UseEnhancement of Language Abilities Unit 4Unit FourTable of Contents3上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1 contentBackNextStarterText: French
2、business etiquette Working with words and phrasesDiscussionPractice: interpretingPractice: translationPractice: writingSurfing the InternetHighlightsPart 1 Language Skills DevelopmentTable of Contents4上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1highlightsBackNext HighlightsS: About business clothesL: Etiquette makes a
3、 great difference to businessR: French business etiquetteW: How to avoid combining unrelated ideas in one sentenceInternet work: Introducing the Indian business etiquettePart 1 Language Skills Development5上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1starterBack Next1. StarterA. Nowadays business clothes are getting mor
4、e and more casual. Choose () those that might be considered appropriate clothes for the office in certain companies.Mind Mapminiskirt / n.迷你裙see-through / a.透明的，极薄的sneaker /sni:k(r)/ n.胶底运动鞋sandal /sndl/ n. 凉鞋6上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1starterBack Next1. Starter jeans see-through clothesT-shirts swea
5、t-shirts shortshatsminiskirtssneakers short tight jackets sandals ANSWERJeans T-shirts short tight jackets sweat-shirts sneakers7BackNextFocus1 Text lead inText Lead in上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Warm-up questions1. What do you know about business etiquette? 2. Is business etiquette important when we conduct
6、 business deals? 8BackNext上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Text Lead inText organization9上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text1 Conducting business deals with the French requires you to follow some very important protocol. Business communication and relationships are not as casual in nature as they may be in the United S
7、tates. Specific methods of communication along with behavior are expected from any visitor. It is important that you learn a little about French business etiquette before you go there to do your business with them, no matter how big or small it may be. Here is a small guide that is likely to help yo
8、u in your effort to learn more about the way the French conduct their business, and how you can fit into this culture. 2. Text: French Business EtiquetteBackNext Translation法国商务礼仪法国商务礼仪 1 与法国人开展商务活动时，你要遵守一些非常重要的社交礼节。法国的商务交往和关系从本质上讲不如美国的随便。作为到访者，你要按照法国特有的沟通和行为方式行事。在你去法国与法国人做生意之前，学习一点法国商务礼仪是很重要的，不管这些礼
9、仪是大是小。本文是个小小的指南，帮助你更多地了解法国人做生意的方式，并融入到他们的文化当中。Question about Para. 1 conduct: vt./ vi. 1) 组织；安排；实施；执行e.g. I decided to conduct an experiment. He said they were conducting a campaign against democrats across the country. 2) 指挥（唱歌或演奏）e.g. Dennis had recently begun a successful career conducting opera
10、in Europe. Solti will continue to conduct here and abroad. protocol：n. U 礼仪；社交礼节e.g. He is something of a stickler of royal protocol. in nature: 本质上；实际上；究竟e.g. My work is very specialized in nature. What in nature do you mean? along with: 除以外（还）；与同样地e.g. She lost her job when the factory closed, alo
11、ng with hundreds of others. Acknowledge your successes along with your downfalls. expect sth. of/from sb.: 期望或要求某人做某事e.g. What other requirements do you expect from your employees? The standard of your work has fallen from the level we expected from you. fit into: （使）适合，与融为一体e.g. I fear I will not f
12、it into any future society. A square thing does not fit into a round hole. 10上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text 1. Why should you learn French business protocol if you want to conduct business with the French?Because French business etiquette is different from the etiquette in the United States and you a
13、re expected to know French methods of communication and behavior so as to fit into their culture.BackNext2. Text: Bartleby11上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1textFrench Business Culture2 All business relationships in the French culture are highly formal. Business people are conservative and do not wish to di
14、scuss personal issues, history, or politics openly. As a visitor, it is your job to respect these opinions and refrain from raising such issues throughout your interaction with them. Be diplomatic. Do not point fingers at political or historical figures. Another important thing to note is that a ver
15、y strict hierarchy is followed in the business setup. As such, greet and interact with every individual you meet appropriately, and with due respect. 2. Text: French Business EtiquetteBackNext Translation法国商务文化 2 2 在法国文化中，所有的商务关系都是非常正式的。商务人士较保守，不愿当众讨论私人话题、历史或者政治。作为来访者，在与他们交流的整个过程中，尊重他们的观点并避免谈论这些话题是你
16、的分内事。你要讲究策略，不要对政治和历史人物指指点点。还有一件重要的事情要注意，在开展商务活动时，你要遵循严格的等级制度。因此，你在和自己遇到的每个人打招呼和交流时，要恰当得体并对他们致以应有的尊重。Question about Para. 2 refrain from doing sth.: 控制不做（某事）；忍住，避免e.g. Mrs. Hardie refrained from making any comment. He appealed to all factions to refrain from violence. diplomatic: a. 1) 有手腕的；讲究策略的；圆滑的
17、；婉转的e.g. She is very direct. I tend to be more diplomatic, I suppose. 2) 外交的；外交官的e.g. Efforts are being made to avert war and find a diplomatic solution. 12上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text 2. What is the French business culture like?All business relationships in the French culture are highly formal. Bu
18、siness people are conservative and do not wish to discuss personal issues, history, or politics openly. BackNext2. Text: Bartleby13上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1textBusiness Communication3 The French are individuals who pay strict attention to formality. It is important that you adhere to this level of f
19、ormality in order to make an impact. Always greet professionals with a handshake and maintain eye contact while shaking hands. It is a good idea to learn some basic French before you meet French professionals. 2. Text: French Business EtiquetteBackNext Translation商务沟通商务沟通 3 3 法国人是特别注重“正式”的。为了使人眼前一亮，
20、遵守“正式”这一原则很重要。问候商务人士时要握手，并在握手时保持目光接触。在会晤法国商务人士之前，学习一点基本的法语。 adhere to sth.: 1) 遵守，遵循（规定或协议）e.g. All members of the association adhere to a strict code of practice. She adhered to the strict Islamic dress code. 2) 支持，拥护，持有（观点或信仰）e.g. He urged them to adhere to the values of Islam which defend the dig
21、nity of man. 3) 黏附；附着e.g. Small particles adhere to the seed. impact: n. 1) C 影响；作用e.g. This display unit must make an impact. When an executive comes into a new job, he wants to quickly make an impact. 2) U 撞击；碰撞；冲击力e.g. A running track should be capable of absorbing the impact of a runners foot la
22、nding on it. 14上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1textAlways use “vous” to communicate with professionals. Also, you will call someone only by Monsieur and Madame / Mademoiselle followed by their last name. Do not call anyone by their first name unless asked to. You may choose to have your business card print
23、ed in French on one side and in English on the other. Include your name, title, academic qualifications, and the name of the university you attended on the card. 2. Text: French Business EtiquetteBackNext Translation在与商务人士谈话时，使用“您”这个字眼。称呼别人时用先生和女士/小姐加他们的姓。不要直呼对方的名字，除非对方要求你这么做。打印名片时，你可以一面用法语，另一面用英语。名
24、片上的信息包括你的姓名、职务、学历，还有你曾就读的大学。15上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1textThough most French professionals speak English, knowing their language shows that you are interested in developing a healthy and long-term relationship with them. The manner of your communication will dictate how far your alliance with them
25、goes. Do not make unnecessary phone calls to such professionals. Also, never call them at home unless it is extremely urgent. 2. Text: French Business EtiquetteBackNextTranslation虽然多数法国商务人士会讲英语，但是了解他们的语言意味着你有意与他们发展健康、长期的关系。你的沟通方式决定了你和他们的合作能走多远。不要给这些商务人士打不必要的电话。另外，除非十分紧急，否则不要打电话到他们的住处。 dictate: vt. 1
26、) 决定；影响；支配e.g. Of course, a number of factors will dictate how long an apple tree can survive. The films budget dictated a tough schedule. 2) 口述，口授e.g. Sheldon writes every day of the week, dictating his novels in the morning. alliance: n. C 联合；结盟e.g. What will be the effect of the alliance between
27、IBM and Apple? v.ally 使联盟，使联合(ally with)e.g. He allied himself with the other members of the committee who supported his ideas.Ally can be taken as a noun, which refers to a friendly countries or an associate who provides assistance.16上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text Do not make hand gestures unnecessa
28、rily. For instance, the “ready” or “perfect” sign in the U.S. is considered rude in France. Avoid hand gestures altogether. 4 These are individuals who develop business relationships on the foundation of trust and respect. For them to place this in you, you have to ensure that your behavior is as go
29、od as it can get. 2. Text: French Business EtiquetteBackNextTranslation没有必要就不要做手势。例如，在美国表示“准备好了”或者“完美”的手势在法国会让人觉得粗鲁。总之，彻底避免手势。4 法国人是在信任和尊重的基础上发展商务关系的。为了让他们能对你产生信任和尊重，你必须保证你的行为举止足够得体。Questions about Para. 317上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text 3. How to greet a French business professional?Always greet pro
30、fessionals with a handshake and maintain eye contact while shaking hands. BackNext2. Text: Bartleby4. Why is it good to learn some basic French before you meet French business professionals?Because knowing their language shows that you are interested in developing a healthy and long-term relationshi
31、p with them.18上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1textBusiness Meetings and Discussions5 Business meetings in the French business culture follow a slightly different course compared to American culture. Enlisted here are some dos and donts you should follow when conducting business meetings with the French. It
32、 is important that meetings be scheduled at least two weeks in advance. The French are not particular about punctuality (you may be up to ten to fifteen minutes late), but if you are going to be late, it is necessary that you call and inform them. 2. Text: French Business EtiquetteBackNextTranslatio
33、n商务会议与讨论5 在法国的商务文化中商务会议形式与美国稍有不同。下面列出的是在法国举行商务会议时应注意的事项。 至少提前两个星期安排会议，这一点很重要。法国人不是特别在意守时（你可以最多迟到10至15分钟），但是如果要迟到了，你需要打个电话告知他们。 dos and donts: 行为准则，须知e.g. It wont do to hedge your pupils in with a thousand dos and donts. schedule: vt. （在时间上）安排，计划e.g. A presidential election was scheduled for last Dec
34、ember. No new talks are scheduled. in advance： 预先，事先e.g. I like to map out the whole week in advance. 19上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text Debates are likely to ensue in meetings, which you should participate in, as the French are known to appreciate logical and intellectual inputs in the business world.
35、 These debates are, however, controlled and should not turn into arguments. They may pose questions and probe you further to get answers related to the business. Go well-prepared for the meetings. While talking, do not exaggerate your claims. They are likely to go unappreciated. Be direct, honest, a
36、nd clear. Make thorough presentations and do not try to openly sell your idea or pressurize them to buy it. Be subtle. 2. Text: French Business EtiquetteBackNextTranslation在会议中，可能会发生辩论，此时你也要参与其中，因为在商界里，法国人崇尚富有逻辑和智慧的见地。但是，这些争论都在掌控之内，不会变成争吵。他们可能会提问题并且进一步盘问你以得出与生意相关的信息。所以开会前的充分准备是必须的。在谈话时，不要夸大你的诉求。他们可能
37、不会欣赏这种做法。你要做的是直接、诚恳且明确地表述。陈述要详尽周密，但不要试图公开推销你的主张或者对他们施压要他们买账。要做到言谈微中。 20上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1textKeep a soft tone while talking and maintain moderate eye contact throughout. Most meetings usually end in discussions and not finalized decisions. They may take time to make decisions, and you will ha
38、ve to be patient throughout the process. You are free to voice your opinion and defend your position, but keep in mind that the final decision will be taken by the top brass of the company. Lunch meetings may be conducted, though dinner meetings are not uncommon in some cases.2. Text: French Busines
39、s EtiquetteBackNextTranslation说话时要语气柔和，自始至终保持温和的目光接触。大多数会议通常以讨论结束，没有形成最终的决定。他们做决定要花时间，而你要自始至终保持耐心。你可以自由发表观点，坚守自己的立场，但是要记住，最后的决定要公司的高管来做。有些情况下商务会议安排晚餐是司空见惯的，但午餐会议也是可以安排的。Questions about Para. 5 take time to do sth.：花费时间做某事e.g. It will take a little time for the rain to sink into the dried earth. It w
40、ill take time and money to get the project to get off the ground. Pay attention to the difference of “take time to do”and “take your time to do sth” keep in mind: 记住 e.g. Keep the people in mind and place hopes on them. We must keep this lesson in mind. brass: n. 1) 高层人物；高级军官e.g. The brass are reluc
41、tant to fraternise with the enlisted men. 2) U 黄铜e.g. The instrument is beautifully made in brass. 21上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text 5. Are the French always punctual? The French are not particular about punctuality.BackNext2. Text: Bartleby6. Do most French business meetings end in final decisions? W
42、hy?No. They usually end in discussions and not finalized decisions, because they may take time to take decisions.22上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1textDressing for Business Meetings6 A meeting with French business professionals is not the best time to show off your fashion-consciousness or your ability to
43、be creative with clothing. As mentioned earlier, these are conservative individuals and a particular dress code should be followed when meeting with them. Men should wear dark, traditional suits with ties. Even if you are invited to an informal occasion, make sure you are wearing a jacket. Their con
44、cept of informal is a little different. 2. Text: French Business EtiquetteBackNextTranslation商务会议着装商务会议着装6 与法国商务人士的会晤不是你展现时尚流行意识或是穿搭创意的最好时机。正如前文所提到的，法国人是保守的，在与他们见面时要遵循其特别的着装规定。男士应穿深色、传统的西装，戴领带。即使你应邀出席非正式场合，也一定要穿一件便装西服。他们概念里的“非正式”和我们稍有不同。23上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text Women too should preferably dre
45、ss conservatively in business suits, though dresses in pastel shades can be worn. It is a good idea to accessorize appropriately with your outfit. Just remember not to go overboard.7 Respect the French business etiquette and you will be able to develop healthy and long-lasting business relationships
46、 with them. You will be greatly appreciated and respected for taking so much care in functioning according to their standards and protocols. 2. Text: French Business EtiquetteBackNextTranslation女士也最好穿西装，保守一些，不过也可以穿浅色连衣裙。佩戴装饰品来搭配你的服装是个好主意。只不过要记住，不要过分装饰。 7 尊重法国的商务礼仪，你才可以与法国人发展健康、持久的业务关系。你认认真真地按照他们的标准和
47、礼节行事，就会大受欣赏并赢得尊重。Questions about Para. 6 preferably: ad. 更好地，更可取地e.g. The best treatment is antibiotics, preferably by injection. You may come, preferably, in the morning. conservatively: ad. 保守地；因循守旧地e.g. It is conservatively estimated that not less than half a million people died in the famine. go
48、 overboard： 做得过分，过火e.g. He has a tendency to go overboard at their parties. What do you think causes the police to go overboard, to use excessive violence? 24上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1text 7. How should men dress for French business meetings?Men should wear dark, traditional suits with ties. Even if
49、you are invited to an informal occasion, make sure you are wearing a jacket.BackNext2. Text: Bartleby8. Can women dress in light colors in French business meetings?Yes. Dresses in pastel shades can be worn.25上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1words&phrases4. Working with words and phrases A. Find appropriate
50、verbs or phrases (18) in the text which fit the items (ah). BackNext( ) 1. conduct( ) 2. refrain( ) 3. adhere( ) 4. maintain( ) 5. ensure( ) 6. schedule( ) 7. probe( ) 8. exaggeratea. the demands of the jobb. from laughterc. into the matterd. new talkse. a good cropf. an experimentg. the friendshiph
51、. to the principlefbhgedca261. What do you mean?2. Were the seating arrangements for the dinner party according to ?3. His record of excellence continued through college.4. While a amount of stress can be beneficial, too much stress can exhaust you.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1words&phrasesB. Complete t
52、he following sentences with appropriate words or phrases in the box.in nature BackNext4. Working with words and phrases moderatein nature refrain from fit into along with punctuality in advancemoderate conservative qualification academic protocol diplomatic protocolacademic275. People tend to be mor
53、e aggressive when theyre young and more as they get older.6. If you had prepared , you wouldnt be in such an awkward position.7. He gave the child a lecture on the importance of _.8. A bill came the package.9. Jack has obtained a medical .10. You must be more in handling the situation.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版
54、社出版社 Focus1words&phrasesBackNext4. Working with words and phrases conservativein advancepunctualityalong with qualificationdiplomatic28上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1discussion Discuss the following questions with a partner or in a small group of 4 to 6 students.5. DiscussionBackNextMind Mapcharacteristic
55、s culture historicala standard framework professionalism business partners work together29Business etiquette provides a standard framework within which business people can operate as they communicate and collaborate. Attention to etiquette is a sign of professionalism and respect for others, and it
56、can make positive first impressions while building trust among colleagues. When business partners and co-workers adhere to a well-understood code of etiquette, it can be easier for diverse individuals to work together, focusing their energies on the task at hand rather than trying to understand the
57、cultural eccentricities of others. 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1discussion1. Why do you think different countries have different business protocol?BackNextBecause of their specific deeply rooted national characteristics, cultures and history background.5. Discussion2. Why is business etiquette important
58、?30Tom will go to France on business. Hes asking his French friend, Pascal for advice about the French business etiquette. Interpret it into English with your partner.汤姆：你好，帕斯卡尔，我最近要去法国出差。我觉得我应该学一点法国商务礼仪。帕斯卡尔：是的，你说得对。法国商务礼仪和美国的很不一样。汤姆： 有哪些不同？你能举几个例子吗？帕斯卡尔：当然。在法国文化中，所有的商务关系都是很正式的。商务人士较保守，不愿公开讨论个人话题、历
59、史或者政治。汤姆： 所以我应该尊重他们的隐私，不对政治或是历史人物指指点点。对吗？帕斯卡尔：是的！另外，法国人特别看重“正式”，所以你与法国商务人士会面时要穿着正式。汤姆： 所以在正式场合，我应该穿深色、传统西装并且佩戴领带。帕斯卡尔：对的。还有，法国人并不很强调守时。汤姆： 但是我如果要迟到了话，我需要电话通知他们吗？帕斯卡尔：是的，这是必须的。与法国人做生意还有许多注意事项。你可以网上查查相关信息。汤姆： 好的，谢谢你。帕斯卡尔：不用客气。如果你还有问题，请联系我。 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1interpreting6. Practice: interpreting
60、 BackNextFor Reference AnswerClick Here31上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1interpretingBackNext6. Practice: interpreting 321. Conducting business deals with the French requires you to follow some very important protocol. 2. As a visitor, it is your job to respect these opinions and refrain from raising such
61、issues throughout your interaction with them. 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1translation7. Practice: translation A. Put the following sentences from the text into Chinese. Pay special attention to the italicized expressions. 与法国人开展商务活动时，你需要遵守一些非常重要的社交礼节。作为到访者，在与他们交流的整个过程中，尊重他们的观点并避免谈论这些话题是你的分内事。BackNext33
62、3. Do not point fingers at political or historical figures.4. The manner of your communication will dictate how far your alliance with them goes. 5. They may pose questions and probe you further to get answers related to the business. 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1translation不要对政治或者历史人物指指点点。你的沟通方式将会决定你和他
63、们的合作能走多远。 BackNext7. Practice: translation 他们会提问题，并且进一步盘问你以得出与生意相关的信息。341. Millions of people want new, simplified ways of _ (与计算机互动).2. The computer has (产生了巨大的影响) on modern life.3. They failed to (遵守我们原定的协议).4. If you fold your letter in two, it will (装得进信封里面去了).5. Please (花点时间考虑这个问题).上海交通大上海交通大学学
64、出版社出版社 Focus1translationB. Complete the following sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. interacting with a computermade a great impact take time to consider the problem BackNext7. Practice: translation adhere to our original agreement fit into the envelope 35上海交通大上
65、海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1writingWrite a summary of the text (max. 150 words), referring to the outline below. Summary outline:1.The importance of business etiquette; 2.French business culture;3.Business communication;4.Business meetings and discussions; 5.Dressing for business meetings.For Reference Answe
66、rClick HereBackNext8. Practice: writing 36上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1writing8. Practice: writing Reference answer:French business etiquette has its specific methods of communication and behavior, so if you want to conduct business deals with the French, it is important for you to learn a little about
67、French business etiquette. The business relationships in French culture are very formal, and French business people are conservative. When you communicate with them, you should pay attention to formality, and respect their privacy. The course of business meetings in French business culture is differ
68、ent from American culture. There are many principles you should follow when conducting business meetings with the French. Furthermore, because French business professionals are conservative, youd better dress in a formal and traditional way when you meet with them.BackNext37上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1
69、writingB. Basic sentence : writing techniques :how to avoid combining unrelated ideas in one sentence. 1. a.Morgan Industries Ltd. was close to bankruptcy.b.It asked for a moratorium (延期付款) on debt payments.c.The company tried to avert (防止) its collapse.d.The employees formed picket lines. (Hint: Th
70、e related ideas may be connected with the coordinating conjunction. Besides, put the less important idea with a prepositional phrase.) Morgan Industries Ltd. was close to bankruptcy and tried to avert its collapse by asking for a moratorium on debt payments.BackNext8. Practice: writing 38上海交通大上海交通大学
71、学出版社出版社 Focus1writing2. a.This was a wet spring in many parts of the country.b.BTI is a bacterium that produces a toxic protein.c.The conditions were ideal for breeding mosquitoes.d.Authorities must decide whether to spray or not. (Hint：To achieve conciseness, it would be ideal to make a simple sent
72、ence, using participial phrases to link the various ideas.)b. This wet spring in many parts of the country created ideal conditions for breeding mosquitoes, forcing authorities to decide whether to spray or not.BackNext8. Practice: writing 39上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1writing3. a.Economic recovery is
73、underway.b.The meeting was quickly planned. c. It was poorly attended.d.Most participants agreed that it was a waste of time.e.Few important matters were discussed.(Hint: Try to make a compound sentence, using the coordinating conjunction and and the subordinate conjunction since.)The meeting was qu
74、ickly planned and poorly attended, and most participants agreed that it was a waste of time since few important matters were discussed.8. Practice: writing BackNext40上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1writing4. a.The new aircraft was licensed to fly last year.b.The new 808 aircraft was forced into an emergenc
75、y landing.c.The plane carried 66 passengers and 8 crew members.d.There were no serious injuries.e.The plane had no more fuel.f.The plane had no more power. (Hint: The sentence can start with “There were”. Besides, the relative noun which and the subordinate conjunction when can be used to link the c
76、lauses.)There were no serious injuries among the 66 passengers and 8 crew members aboard the new 808 aircraft which was forced into an emergency landing when it had neither fuel nor power any more.BackNext8. Practice: writing 41上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1internet9. Surfing the Internet Go to http:/ or
77、 http:/www.kwintessential.co.uk/etiquette/doing-business-india.html in order to obtain the information about Indian business etiquette including its culture, language, meetings, and greetings, etc. On the basis of this, prepare an oral presentation that you may use to give a general introduction to
78、the Indian business etiquette to your classmates next class. For reference AnswerClick HereBackNext42上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1internet9. Surfing the Internet BackNext43上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 contentDialogue: making a telephone appointment Pair work: arranging a fam trip Text: Business Appointment
79、 Rules Working with words Research project Writing HighlightsPart 2 Language in UseBackNext44上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus2highlights HighlightsR&L: Dialogue: making a telephone appointmentS: Arranging a fam tripLanguage for setting meeting dates and timeR: Business appointment rulesResearch project: Fin
80、ding a law firm W: Why is etiquette important?Part 2 Language in UseBackNext451. What is Mr. Sheldon doing?2. Who does Mr. Sheldon want on the phone?3. Where will Mr. Seto go?4. When will they meet?5. How long will the tour last? 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus2dialogueBackNext Listen to a dialogue and ans
81、wer the following questions. Then read it aloud.1. Dialogue: making a telephone appointmentMr. Sheldon is making a phone call.Mr. Sheldon wants to speak to Mr. Seto on the phone.Mr. Seto will go to the Selden factory for a tour.They will meet at about 2:30 Friday afternoon.It will take about two and
82、 a half hours.46Receptionist: Good morning. Durapro Incorporated. May I help you?Mr. Sheldon:Good morning. This is Tom Sheldon of Compten Products. May I speak to Mr. Seto, please?Receptionist: Yes, just a moment and Ill put you throughMr. Seto: Hello. John Seto speaking. Mr. Sheldon:Good morning, M
83、r. Seto. This is Tom Sheldon of Compten Products. Im calling to arrange the tour of the Selden factory.Mr. Seto: Oh, yes, I remember.Mr. Sheldon: Would Friday be convenient for you?Mr. Seto: This Friday? Just a moment while I check my calendar. Yes, thats fine, but itll have to be in the afternoon b
84、ecause I have a meeting all morning. Mr. Sheldon:I see. What time Friday afternoon would be best for you?上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus2dialogueBackNext1. Dialogue: making a telephone appointment47Mr. Seto: How about around 3:00 p.m.?Mr. Sheldon:3:00 p.m. is good. The tour takes about two and a half hours
85、; wed finish around 5:30 p.m. Would you like to join me for dinner after the tour?Mr. Seto: Oh, that would be very nice. Thank you.Mr. Sheldon: Is there anything youd like to eat? Theres a nice Italian restaurant on the way back into town.Mr. Seto: Italian food sounds fine.Mr. Sheldon:Good. So, Ill
86、come and pick you up at your office at about 2:30 on Friday afternoon.Mr. Seto: Great. I look forward to seeing you. Thank you for calling. Mr. Sheldon:Not at all. I hope you enjoy the tour.Mr. Seto: Thank you. Goodbye.Mr. Sheldon: Goodbye.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus2dialogue1. Dialogue: making a telep
87、hone appointmentBackNext48 Durapro Incorporated. 这里是杜拉普罗公司。 Note that incorporated is used after the name of a company in the US to show that it has become a corporation (company limited). Im calling to arrange the tour of the Selden factory. Note that the present progressive/continuous tense is use
88、d to indicate the purpose of the communication. e.g. Im writing to tell you that I will soon leave for South Africa. 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus2 dialogue Notes to the DialogueBackNext 1. Dialogue: making a telephone appointment49上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 pairworkFor Reference AnswerClick HereLearning
89、Language for setting meeting dates and timeQuestionsResponsesLets know when you are free. Well arrange the tour for you.Thank you. Ill give you a call this afternoon to set the time.Would you please tell me your schedule so that we could arrange the visit for you?Let me see. Im quite free Friday aft
90、ernoon. Does that suit you?Please tell us the time that suits you for us to set up the fam trip.Next Tuesday would be best for me, if thats possible.To start with, could we set the meeting dates before the event?OK. Id like you to meet our convention staff for details of meeting and catering require
91、ments as soon as possible.When are you available?At this time next week.And well arrange for you to inspect our property, say, four weeks right from now. Is it OK for you?Well, let me check. Oh, no problem. 2.Pair work: Arranging a fam tripBackNextWork in pairs to role-play the following situation.
92、(Refer to text book)50 2.Pair work: Arranging a fam trip上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 pairworkReference Staff: Shanghai Qingpu Convention and Visitors Bureau. How may I help you?Fong: This is Leslie Fong with Sichuan Summer Travel Agency. Were interested in your brochure.Staff: Were glad to be of any he
93、lp to you. May we have the honor to invite you to our fam trip?Fong: Wed like to. Tell me more about it, please.Staff: OK. The trip starts from October 15 to 20. Is it fine with you?Fong: Its OK for me. What can we expect to see?Staff: We will show you around the city and you can have personal exper
94、iences in the hotels, museums, restaurants and places of interest.Fong: Thats what we want.BackNext51上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 pairworkBackNextStaff: More than that. Well arrange a camping night at one of the best local destinations.Fong: Very good. How about the expenses?Staff: Of course we will pa
95、y for everything. You may come together with your other family members or your colleagues.Fong: Thats very nice of you.Staff: We need the exact number of your party attending the trip and your address to send you the flight tickets. Can you give us the details by fax?Fong: Sure, I will. Thank you fo
96、r inviting us. Goodbye.Staff: Thank you for your attention. We look forward to seeing you then. Goodbye. 2.Pair work: Arranging a fam trip52上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext 1 No matter what business youre in, the odds are that you spend at least some time in appointments. Your appointments may
97、 be big group meetings, one-on-ones, or even job interviews. You may even be skipping the face-to-face aspect of meeting and be taking conference calls or using Skype. No matter what type of meeting youve scheduled, though, these tips can help you improve your setting skills. 3. Text: Business Appoi
98、ntment Rules True-false Statement about Para.1 Business Appointment Rules Translationodds: n. pl.可能性，机会e.g. The odds are in your favour because you have more experience. appointment: n. C约会，约定，预约e.g. I have an appointment with them in the evening. Note the two common meanings of appointment: An appo
99、intment is a time reserved for a meeting such as a doctors visit, much like a reservation. An appointment also refers to the assignment of a person by an official to perform a duty, such as a presidential appointment of a judge to a court. Note that Skype is a software program, which allows users to
100、 make telephone calls from their computer to other Skype users free of charge, or to telephones and cell phones for a fee. Additional features include instant messaging, file transfer, short message service, video conferencing and ability to circumvent firewalls. skip: vt. 1)不参加；不做（应做的事）e.g. How cou
101、ld you skip a lecture to go to the movies? 2)跳过（正常的步骤等），略过，漏过e.g. She skipped lunch in order to go shopping. schedule: vt.将列入计划表，安排e.g. The elections are scheduled for mid-June. n. C日程安排（表）；计划（表）e.g. The teacher posted the schedule of classes. 1 不论您从事哪个行业，都可能要花些时间在商务约会上。这些约会可能是大型会议，也有可能是一对一的面谈，甚至是职位
102、面试，甚至您可能正在放弃面对面的方式而开始采用电话会议方式或者使用Skype。不管您计划参加何种商务约会，以下这些建议都能助您提高安排的技巧。53上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1textBackNext ( )1. An appointment is made between two people. F 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules54上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext 2 Set agendas ahead of time. Knowing what you plan to accompli
103、sh in a meeting can help you decide how long to plan to stay at that appointmentassuming you can keep to your agenda. It can be hard to get other people to stay on track, but no one really wants to spend all day in a single appointment. Furthermore, completing an agreed-upon agenda is really the onl
104、y way to be sure when your meeting is over. Translation 2 提前设置日程安排。计划好此次会见的目的可以帮助您决定该花多少时间在这次会见上前提是您按照日程行事。也许让其他人遵守日程安排很困难，但是没有人愿意为一个会见花一整天时间。而且，只有完成双方既定的议程安排才能确定会见是真的结束了。 stay on track: to keep doing what is necessary or expected 按照既定安排e.g. What will you do if some students in your class do not sta
105、y on track? keep to: 遵守；坚持e.g. Its best to keep to the speed limits on the freeway. 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules55back and forth:来来回回e.g. After going through a ten-year back and forth on this route, the pilot has become a captain. Note that back and forth here is used as a noun phrase. But it
106、 is generally used as an adverbial phrase as is shown in the example below:The guard walked back and forth in front of the gate. 警卫在大门前走来走去。back and forth:来来回回e.g. After going through a ten-year back and forth on this route, the pilot has become a captain. Note that back and forth here is used as a
107、noun phrase. But it is generally used as an adverbial phrase as is shown in the example below:The guard walked back and forth in front of the gate. 警卫在大门前走来走去。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext 3 Offer time and date options for appointments. Rather than going through a lengthy back and forth, ei
108、ther on the phone or via email, pick two or three appointment times that work for you and present them to the other half of your appointment. If youre dealing with a larger group, its almost guaranteed that at least one option wont work for someone, and having multiple options is a much faster way t
109、o reach consensus. Translation Note the different meanings of rather than in the following situations1)宁愿而不愿e.g. Shed rather die than lose the children. 2) a. 在更大程度上e.g. He is honest rather than clever. b. 而不是e.g. Rather than complaining, you should try to make changes. consensus: n. U, sing.一致的意见，共
110、识e.g. There is broad consensus of opinion in the country on this issue. 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules 3 提供多个会见时间。与其通过电话或电邮长时间的反复协商，不如挑两到三个适合您的时间并告诉对方。如果您是和多人打交道，可以肯定至少有一个时间不适合某个人，故有多个选择才能更快地达成共识。56exception: n. C, U 例外e.g. All students without exception must take the English examination. Note
111、the preposition to in the expression “the exception to this rule”, which is somewhat similar to such expressions as “the key to the door”, “the entrance to the hotel”, “the introduction to the place”; on the other hand, pay attention to “of” in the expression “with the exception of ”.e.g. You are qu
112、ite wrong if you assume that there is an exception to every rule. I like all the sports with the exception of boxing.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext 4 Avoid fancy software applications. While there is some very snazzy appointment setting software out there, try to avoid using anything out of
113、the ordinary. The exception to this rule is parties or very large meetings. (to be continued) Translation 4 不要使用那些花哨的软件。虽然某些约会设置软件非常时髦，但还是用普通的为好, 除非你是要举行联谊会或者大型会议。True-false Statement about Para. 4 fancy: a.精巧的，花哨的，复杂的e.g. I cant do all that fancy stuff on the computer. 3. Text: Business Appointment
114、 Rules57上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1textBackNext ( ) 2. Software applications are useless to business appointments. F 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules58Note that the term learning curve refers to the variable original experience of exploratory learning and discovery, which most generally tends to fi
115、rst accelerate, then decelerate toward a limit. In either case a learning curve is meant as a graphical relation between the amount of measurable learning and the time and/or effort it takes to learn.cf. consumption curve; conversion curve; correction curve；cooling curve e.g. Everyone in the centre
116、has been through a very steep learning curve (=they had to learn very quickly). 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext In general, using these applications takes more time than its worththeres a learning curve for new users, and having to visit a site to respond can take double the time of replying
117、to an email. However, when youre trying to coordinate large groups of people, using an application can provide a central location rather than sending out huge batches of emails. Translation总的来说，使用这些软件得不偿失新手上路得花时间学习，再说，在网站上回复比用电邮回复更加事倍功半。但是，如果您要协调的是大的人群，使用软件可以提供一个集中的场所，而无需发送大量邮件。 coordinate: vt.协调e.g
118、. He is an excellent athlete; all his movements are perfectly coordinated. batch: n. C一批；一捆；一束e.g. He received a batch of telegrams. 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules59上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext 5 Make sure you really need a meeting. Plenty of appointments are set for simple things lik
119、e handing over a document for approval. Unless that document is short enough to be completely examined during the meeting, it might be more worthwhile to drop off the document and come back later to answer questions and handle the approval process. Before actually setting your appointment, think abo
120、ut whether the matter could be handled in a faster way. Translation 5 确定您真的需要会见某人。很多约见只是为了解决一些简单的事情，如提交文件等待批准。除非文件很短，当面就能搞定，否则最好还是先把文件留下，待会再来回答相关问题并完成批复程序。在安排约见之前，考虑一下这件事情能否以更快的方式解决。 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules60 6 尽量减少外出时间。约会在我们的日程表上占据了大量时间的原因之一是有时必须外出。我们不得不到客户的办公场所、咖啡店或者别的鬼地方去见面。通过建议到我们自己的
121、工作场所来，在半路碰面, 或者干脆不用见面了来尽量减少外出时间。打个电话或者用视频会议，常常就能解决那些您本打算大老远开车跑去解决的问题。上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext 6 Minimize travel time. One of the reasons that appointments eat up so much time in our calendars is the necessity of travel. We have to travel to clients offices, coffee shops or wherever the
122、 heck were meeting. We can minimize that commitment by suggesting that we meet at our own locations, meet halfway, or skip meeting in person altogether. Options like telephone calls or video conferencing can often handle all the requirements of that appointment you were going to drive across town fo
123、r. Translation eat up: 1)消耗；用完e.g. Travelling around the world has eaten up his savings. 2)吃完；吞噬e.g. Shes made a cake and wants us to help eat it up. cf. drink up, use up, burn up heck: int.（用于加重语气）见鬼的e.g. What the hecks the matter? 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules61上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 text
124、BackNext 7 Schedule time for both preparation and debriefing. When you set your appointment, think about what you might need to do to prepare for itreview a report, prepare a presentation or iron your shirtand schedule time for each of those activities before your actual appointment. Its also worthw
125、hile to schedule a fifteen-minute prep session just before your appointment for any last minute details. (to be continued) Translation 7 既要安排做报告的时间，也要留出准备时间。安排约会的时候，考虑一下您可能需要为这些准备工作做些什么再读一遍报告，准备汇报材料或者熨烫衬衣您需要在会见之前为每一项准备活动安排好时间。而且，为约见之前最后的细节琐事安排15分钟的准备时间是值得的。 worthwhile: a.值得出力的，值得做的e.g. Youd better s
126、pend your time on some worthwhile reading. Note that prep in this sentence is short for “preparatory”. 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules62上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext Same goes for afterwards: you may have certain follow-up tasks to handle after your meeting. Scheduling at least a few mi
127、nutes after an appointment guarantees that youll have time to make sure your notes are complete and any sort of further action at least makes it on to your calendar (if you cant do it then). Translation会见之后也适用：您可能在会见之后有些后续工作需要处理。为会见之后安排至少几分钟时间确保您有足够的时间整理好笔记，或者至少可以把未竟事项添加到日程表上去（如果当时没时间完成的话。） go for:适
128、用于；与有关e.g. This rule does not go for foreigners. follow-up: a.后续的，进一步的，跟踪的e.g. Follow-up survey shows that the reoccurrence rate is only 5 percent. 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules63上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext 8 Separate personal and business appointments. Many of us try to load all of
129、 our out-of-the-office appointments into one day. Ignoring the problem of what happens just if one runs late, youve got the issue of trying to switch gears between the presentation you just gave to a client and the shot the doctors waiting to give you. That sort of mental switch up can only make it
130、harder to handle your later appointments. Try to schedule your personal and business appointments on different days. Translation 8 把私人约会和公务约会分开。我们很多人都想一天内完成所有在办公室之外进行的约会。因为没有考虑到某些事延误的可能性，我们往往会面临刚给客户做完介绍就得马上赶去医生那里打针之类的问题。这种思维上的转换只会让您更难应付接下来的约见。所以，不要把私人性质的约会和商务约会安排在同一天。 switch/shift gears:改变方法（或作风、态度等
131、）e.g. In the middle of the second act the play switch/shift gears from comedy to tragedy. Meaning: If you dont fully prepare for the possibility of something being late, you will probably be in trouble, for instance, you just gave a presentation to a client and then you have to hurry to the doctor t
132、o get an injection. 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules64上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext 9 Keep your appointment schedulers up to date. If you arent the only person scheduling your appointments, its vital to keep the others in the loop. Otherwise, your significant other might be expecting you
133、 at a family dinner at the same time youre finishing up a major project. Translation 9 及时让约会他方了解您的最新日程变更。如果安排日程的不仅是您自己，则必须与其他人保持联系。否则，当您正在结束一个大项目时，您的另一半可能正等您一起吃家庭大餐呢。True-false Statement about Para. 9 in the loop: 了解内幕e.g. Shes new to the board, but be sure to keep her in the loop. antonym: out of t
134、he loop 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules65Note that “significant other” here refers to ones husband, wife, girlfriend, boyfriend or partner, etc. (至关重要的那一位；另一半), which can also be addressed as “ones better half” with a touch of humor. Generally, “significant other” is a gender blind, politically
135、correct term to refer to a persons partner in an intimate relationship without disclosing or presuming anything about his or her marital status or sexual orientation. It is also vague enough to avoid offence from using a term that an individual might consider inappropriate (e.g. when one considers t
136、he other a boyfriend or girlfriend when the latter considers him or her a life partner). In the United States the term is commonly used in invitations to weddings or office parties, for instance. In this context, a person and his/her significant other might not be cohabiting or engaged in sexual rel
137、ationship. For example, a persons fianc(e) would be considered a significant other, without any assumptions regarding living arrangement or sexual activity before their marriage. 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules66上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1textBackNext ( ) 3.I
138、t is important to keep those involved in the appointment informed about your scheduling. T 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules67上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext I like shared calendars, such as Google Calendar for that very reason, but there are ways to share just about every type of calendar,
139、 if youre reliant on your own system. Appointment schedulers can include your manager, your significant other, an administrative assistant (yours or the departments) and a whole host of other people. Translation Note that Google Calendar, previously code-named CL2, is a contact- and time-management
140、web application offered by Google. It allows users to synchronize their Gmail contacts with a web-based calendar. It became available on April 13,2006 and is currently in beta stage. While users are not required to have a Gmail account, they are required to have a free Google account in order to use
141、 the software. 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules我喜欢共享的日程，如谷歌日程，但是如果您有自己的行事习惯，也可以用任何其他方式与他人共享日程。约会他方可以把您的经理、您的另一半、（您本人的或者是部门的）行政助理以及其他许多人都包括进去。68上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 text 10 Limit invitees. You may not need the whole company present for a progress report. Instead, decide who actually needs to
142、be in on your appointmentyou can always send out a mass email later on if people feel left out. Ive been in situations before where higher-ups felt left out if you didnt bring them in on every single appointment you were setting up. The best bet seems to be presenting the meeting as something that w
143、ouldnt be a valuable use of their time. Translation 10 限制与会者的数量。您也许没必要让所有人出席一个进展报告会。相反，您应该确定应该约哪些人如果有人感觉被排斥在外，您可以在事后群发邮件。我曾经就面临这样的局面，有些高层人士只要有一个约会没考虑到他们，他们就觉得受到了排斥。最佳的解决办法或许是让他们认为这些会见不值得花时间。True-false Statements about Para.10 Note that the suffix -ee attached to the following roots usually implies s
144、omething passive:intervieweeone who is interviewed 被访问（面试）者addresseeone to whom the letter is addressed 收信人traineeone who is trained 受训者nomineeone who is nominated 被提名者detaineeone who is detained 被拘捕者examineeone who is examined 考生 Note that left out here is used as an adjective phrase, and it means
145、“rejected or excluded from a group 被排斥的；不被理睬的”.e.g. As the only white person at the party, I felt very left out. Meaning: Ive had the experiences in which some important personalities in the company felt ignored and rejected simply because I didnt invite them to attend everything that I organized. s
146、et up: 安排；组织e.g. There was a lot of work involved in setting up the festival. Note that your/the best bet is used for advising someone what to do.e.g. Your best bet would be to call again tomorrow. Bet can be also used as a verb meaning “to risk money on the result of a race, game, competition, or o
147、ther future event =gamble 赌”.e.g. How much do you want to bet? More examples:I bet, Ill bet: used to express certainty e.g. I bet they have got lost. ones bet: used to express an opinion, typically one formed quickly or spontaneously e.g. My bet is that she wont refuse his invitation. BackNext 3. Te
148、xt: Business Appointment Rules69上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 focus1textBackNext ( ) 4. The more people you invite to attend a progress report, the better it will be.( ) 5.Higher-ups feel more relaxed if you dont bring them in on every single appointment you are setting up. F F 3. Text: Business Appointment Ru
149、les70上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 textBackNext 11 Confirm everything! Confirm when and where the meeting is, what the agenda covers, even how to get there. All you really need is a brief email a day or two before the appointment that outlines the appointment and ask for a simple yes in response if ever
150、ything is correct. Translation 11 每件事都要确认一下！这包括确认会见的时间、地点、议事范围，甚至怎么去。您真正需要的就是在约会前一两天发一封列明约会概要的邮件，如果没有问题的话，要求收信者简单地回答“是”即可。 3. Text: Business Appointment Rules71上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 working with wordsBackNext4. Working with words A. Find words (16) in the text that match their synonyms or near s
151、ynonyms (af). ( ) 1. ignore a. organize ( ) 2. commitment b. agreement ( ) 3. schedule c. skip ( ) 4. consensus d. arrange ( ) 5. coordinate e. loyalty( ) 6. session f. meeting C edb af72( ) 1. I am afraid that you wont be able to see the manager ( ) 2. If you want to see the dentist ( ) 3. I was un
152、able to attend the party ( ) 4 . I have to change my appointment ( ) 5. Can I make an appointment ( ) 6. Could you please confirm your appointment 上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 working with wordsBackNext4. Working with words B. Find words (16) in the text that match their synonyms or near synonyms (af).
153、 d feb aca. for a foot massage tomorrow? b. from Monday to Thursday.c. one day before your arrival? d. for he is fully occupied with appointments this afternoon.e. because of a prior appointment.f. youd better make an appointment with him in advance. 73上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 research projectBackN
154、ext 5. Research project For Reference AnswerClick HereIssue/Event/Context: Mr. Zhang, CEO of a Chinese electronic toy company, is involved in a legal dispute with an American client. You are asked to give some advice to Mr. Zhang on settling the dispute. Research Goal:To recommend a US law firm to M
155、r. Zhang.Research Method & Route: Search for information on prestigious US law firms via the Internet (firm overview, firm brochure, services, office in US, etc.). Choose a reliable law firm and draft a memo which you present to Mr. Zhang introducing the firm and stating the reason why you recommend
156、 it. 74上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus1internetTo: Mr. Zhang, CEO of China Sun Electronic Toy Co. Ltd.From: Ms. Lin, Assistant to CEODate: April 28, 2009Subject: Recommending a US law firmAfter comparing several law firms on the Internet, I recommend The Lanier Law Firm. Introduction: . Achievements: .Ther
157、efore, I strongly recommend The Lanier Law Firm to you. BackNext 5. Research project 75上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 L&W You are to write a composition entitled Stress in Our Lives of no less than 120 words. Your composition should be based on the given Outline. In the Useful Expressions box you are off
158、ered some phrases and structures that you may find useful in your writing. 6. Writing BackNextOutline1. 简要解释礼仪是什么、有什么样的特点；2. 礼仪在社会交往中的重要性；3. 礼仪在商务活动中的重要性。76上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 L&WBackNext 6. Writing For Reference AnswerClick HereUseful Expressions a code of social rulesa sound knowledge of eth
159、ics apart from mannersbe acquired through a conscious learningappear as ones personality to help us interact with one anotheran atmosphere of mutual respectresult in a breach of friendship Displaying proper etiquette will77上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus2 L&W 6. Writing BackNext78上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus3c
160、ontentBackNext Get your pronunciation right Reading skills Table of ContentsPart 3 Enhancement of Language Abilities793. Do you prefer an apple, or an orange?2. Shall I do it or will you do it by yourself?A. Listen and repeat, paying attention to the intonation of the following sentences. 上海交通大上海交通大
161、学学出版社出版社 Focus3 pronunciationBackNext 1. Get your pronunciation right 1. Are you going to walk there or go by bus?4. Is he still in the agency or has he gone to the airport already?5. Did you go to Moscow or Paris last September?6. Are the bedrooms upstairs or downstairs?801. Are you an electronic e
162、ngineer or a computer technician?2. Are you going home or do you prefer to stay here?3. Does your nephew study in a medical institute or in an agricultural university?4. Do you want to deposit or withdraw money?上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus3 pronunciationBackNextB. Read the following and pay attention to
163、 the intonation. 1. Get your pronunciation right 815. Do you speak Japanese or Korean?6. Did you spend your holiday in Tibet or in Inner Mongolia?7. She will go sailing or swimming?8. Were you in the theatre or the stadium?上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus3 pronunciationBackNext 1. Get your pronunciation rig
164、ht 821. What does “there in that casket” in Line 3, Para. 9 mean? B. Being within a small box.C. Holding the fork. D. Waiting at the table. 2. Why did the pastor feel pleased after the young woman explained the reason she wanted to hold a fork in her right hand?A. Because she had something to cheris
165、h.C. Because she still remembered her grandmother.D. Because she enjoyed the beautiful things in her life. Choose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the passage.上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus3 reading skills 2. Reading skills BackNextB. Because she understood the meaning of li
166、fe and death.A. Lying in the coffin.83上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus3 reading skillsBackNext3. In the second paragraph from the end of the passage the narrator says “He was right.” In what aspect do you think he was right?A. He and the young woman had had a conversation shortly before she died.B. The stor
167、y of the fork and what it symbolized to the young woman.C. He couldnt stop thinking about the fork held by the young woman.D. The fork would make people think about what it symbolized. 2. Reading skills 84上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus3 reading skillsBackNext4. What is a pastor?A. A housekeeper. B. A fune
168、ral manager. D. A friend. 5. Whats the best title for the story?A. Story of a Fork. C. Always Keep Hope Alive. D. A Woman and Her Pastor.C. A minister.B. A Woman and a Fork. 2. Reading skills 85上海交通大上海交通大学学出版社出版社 Focus3 reading skillsHave a Good Grasp of Cause-and-Effect Relations and Be Good at Inf
169、erring 因果相应与话语前提因果相应与话语前提 我们所讲的话和其所承载的信息是建立在已有信息基础之上的。这种已有信息就是话语及其信息的前提。话语的前提就像树之根、水之源，虽然看不见，却是进行推理的基础。没有这个基础，话语就是无本之木、无源之水。阅读时，我们不仅要理解话语本身，有时还要透过话语来推理其前提。如“你后不后悔打你妻子？”的前提是“你打了你妻子”；“你最近过得还好吗？”的前提是“最近我们没有见过面，我不知道你的情况”；“法兰西的国王是个秃子”的前提是“法兰西有国王”；“你孩子读几年级了？”的前提是“你有孩子”。 推理前提的方法是将所读的句子内容看作结果，然后由果索因。 BackNext 2. Reading skills Thank you!应应 用用 型型 大大 学学 英英 语语 系系 列列 教教 程程
