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1、 A New Reading Course Of MPA English (Second Edition) 莫莫 振振 银银 13864080679 Unit 2 The Practice of Public Administration Text A The Rise of the American Administrative State by David H. Rosenbloom Study of New Words press v. 压压; 压平压平; 逼迫逼迫 pressure n. 压力压力; 急迫急迫 impress v. 使印象深刻使印象深刻; 铭记铭记 depress v
2、. 压下压下; 使沮丧使沮丧; 使萧条使萧条 express v. 表达表达; 挤出挤出; 快递快递 a. 快速的快速的 compress v. 压缩压缩; 镇压镇压 oppress v. 压迫压迫; 压抑压抑 anniversary n. 周年周年 (纪念纪念) universe n. 宇宙宇宙; 全世界全世界 vers, vert = turn reverse v. 颠倒颠倒 a. 颠倒的颠倒的; 相反的相反的 conversation n. 交谈交谈 controversy n. 争论；辩论争论；辩论 spirit n. spir = breathe inspire v. 鼓舞鼓舞; 给
3、予灵感给予灵感 respire v. 呼吸呼吸 conspire v. 共谋共谋; 协力协力 administrator n. 管理人管理人; 行政官行政官 mini = small 小小 miniskirt n. 迷你裙迷你裙 minute a. 微小的微小的 diminish v. 减少减少, 减小减小 minor a. 较小较小/少的少的 minority n. 少数少数 (派派); 少数民族少数民族 minimal a. 最小的最小的; 最低限度的最低限度的 minister n. 部长部长 仆人仆人 ministry n. (政府的政府的) 部部 administration n.
4、经营经营; 管理管理 affect v. 影响影响 fect, fact = make, do 做做 factory n. 工厂工厂 perfect a. 完美的完美的; 完全的完全的 efficient a. 有效率的有效率的 deficient a. 缺乏的缺乏的; 有缺点的有缺点的 defect n. 缺点缺点; 过失过失 manufacture n. 制造制造 employee n. 雇员雇员 -ee = 被被的人的人 (和和 er 的意思相反的意思相反) committee n. 委员会委员会 (commit v. 委托委托) nominee n. 被提名被提名 / 任命者任命者 t
5、rustee n. 受托人受托人; 董事董事 interviewee n. 被面试者被面试者; 被采访者被采访者 接受训练者接受训练者 trainee n. 考生考生; 受试验者受试验者 examinee n. establish v. 建立建立; 创立创立 sta, sist = stand stable a. 稳定的稳定的 static a. 静止的静止的; 静态的静态的 constant a. 不变的不变的, 恒定的恒定的 steady a. 稳定的稳定的; 沉着的沉着的 assistant n. 助手助手 persist v. 坚持坚持; 固执固执 manipulation n. 操作
6、操作 man, manu = hand manipulate v. 操作操作 manual n. 手册手册 a. 手手 (工工) 的的 manage v. 管理管理; 经营经营; 处理处理 manuscript n. 抄本抄本; 原稿原稿 manufacture v. 制造制造 maximize v. 取最大值取最大值; 最佳化最佳化 maxi- = biggest 最大最大 maximum n. 最大量最大量/值值 maximal a. 最大的最大的 major a. 主要的主要的; 多数的多数的 majority n. 多数多数 posterity n. 子孙子孙; 后代后代 post =
7、 after, behind postpone v. 推迟推迟 postgraduate n. 研究生研究生 postscript n. (信件中的信件中的) 附笔附笔 postwar a. 战后的战后的 博士后博士后(的的) postdoctoral a. & n. subsequently n. 后来后来, 随后随后 sub- = under subway n. subdivide v. submarine n. subordinate a. 次要的次要的 sub-branch n. 分支分支 subcontinent n. subscribe v. 签名签名, 订购订购 subtitle
8、 n. 副标题副标题; 字幕字幕 subconscious a. 潜意识的潜意识的 Detailed Explanation of Text A The Rise of the American Administrative State 美国行政国家的发展美国行政国家的发展 rise n. 兴起兴起; (地位的地位的) 提高提高 the rise in status of scientists 科学家地位的提高科学家地位的提高 的兴衰的兴衰 the rise/up and down of refer to 说到说到; 参考参考; 查阅查阅 refer toas 把把称为称为 把把叫做叫做 be
9、 referred to as 被称为被称为; 叫做叫做 intend v. 想要想要 intend to do 想做某事想做某事 (sth.) be intended to do This paper is intended to deal with the current financial crisis. 这篇论文拟讨论目前的金融危机。这篇论文拟讨论目前的金融危机。 This book is intended for children. 这本书的读者是儿童这本书的读者是儿童。 同位语从句同位语从句 与先行词同位或等同的从句叫同与先行词同位或等同的从句叫同位语从句。同位语从句的先行词多为位
10、语从句。同位语从句的先行词多为 fact, news, hope, belief, thought, report 等抽象名词等抽象名词, 引导词多为引导词多为that ,其作用是对先行词的具体内容作进一其作用是对先行词的具体内容作进一步的解释。步的解释。 Where did you get the idea / news that I could not come? The foreign guests expressed the hope that they would revisit China. He put forward a suggestion that the meeting
11、be put off. politically powerful 政治权力强大政治权力强大身心健康身心健康physically and mentally healthyThis is an economically developed country. 这个国家经济发达。这个国家经济发达。 which reads: 我们可以在我们可以在“宪法导言宪法导言”里读到这些目标。里读到这些目标。 read v. 写明写明; (文章等文章等) 内容是内容是 The full text reads as follows. 全文内容如下。全文内容如下。 As the law reads, he is gui
12、lty. 按法律条文，他是有罪的。按法律条文，他是有罪的。 “宪法序言宪法序言” 中包含这些目标中包含这些目标, 其内容如下其内容如下:communications services, 复数名词做定语复数名词做定语 a savings account 存折存折 a savings bank 储蓄银行储蓄银行 a goods truck 运货卡车运货卡车 海关官员海关官员 a customs officer 销售税销售税 sales tax 军备竞赛军备竞赛 arms race was once left up to families . leave v. 把把交给交给; 委托委托 leave
13、sb. sth. = leave sth. with sb. 把把交给交给 Leave this (up) to me. 把这件事交给我吧。把这件事交给我吧。 He is left in charge of the matter. 这事由他负责。这事由他负责。to take care of the mentally retarded 老弱病残老弱病残 the old, the weak, the ill and the disabled 救死扶伤救死扶伤 rescue the dying, heal the wounded Last year saw the biggest annual de
14、ath toll yet: 2.5 million. Evening saw a little boy crying in the street. Saint Petersburg / The year 1917 witnessed the October Revolution. well-defined category of people 因为他们主要是和一类定义相对明确的人打交因为他们主要是和一类定义相对明确的人打交 道道, 这些人一般来说都有着共同的经济利益。这些人一般来说都有着共同的经济利益。 well-defined a. 明确的明确的; 界限分明的界限分明的 well-defin
15、ed policies / limits 明确的政策明确的政策 / 界限界限 因为这些部门的主要服务对象比较明确因为这些部门的主要服务对象比较明确, 而这些服务对象通常具有共同的经济利益。而这些服务对象通常具有共同的经济利益。 until after World War II. 从句从句/短语作介词宾语的情况短语作介词宾语的情况: until after mid-night A cat came out from under the table. Suddenly a bear ran out from behind a tree. brings us to what can be consi
16、dered the legal roots. Linguists tried to construct what they call a parent language. These people formed what we call Anglo-Saxon society 插入语插入语 ParenthesisWhen the earth first came into being, it very likely lacked what we would today call an ocean. 战国时期的齐国位于现在的山东省战国时期的齐国位于现在的山东省. Qi State in Warr
17、ing States Period is in what it is now Shandong Province.This is what we usually call population explosion. 这就是我们通常所说的人口爆炸这就是我们通常所说的人口爆炸. 这种致命疾病就是后来众所周知的非典这种致命疾病就是后来众所周知的非典.This fatal disease is what is later known to all SARS. About the author David H. Rosenbloom David H. Rosenbloom David H. Rosenb
18、loom David H. Rosenbloom is Distinguished Professor of Public Administration in the School of Public Affairs at American University. He was the 2001 recipient of the American Political Science Associations Award honoring the recipients lifetime of exemplary scholarship in the joint tradition of poli
19、tical science and public administration. He was also awarded the American Society for Public Administrations 1999 Dwight Waldo Award for Outstanding Contributions to the Literature and Leadership of Public Administration. He is considered an expert on constitutional practice related to public admini
20、stration. His authored and coauthored books include1. Personnel Management in Government (1978, 1981,1986, 1992, 2001) 2. Public Administration and Law (1983; 1997), 3. Public Administration: Understanding Management, Politics, And Law In The Public Sector (1986, 1989, 1993, 1998, 2002, 2005)4. Buil
21、ding A Legislative-Centered Public Administration (2000)5. A Reasonable Public Servant (2005) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Dr. David H. Rosenbloom Distinguished ProfessorB. A. Marietta CollegeM. A. University of ChicagoPh. D. University of Chicago Ward 330 (202) 885-2361 rbloomamerican.eduSchoo
22、l of Public AffairsAmerican University, Washington D.C. Key to ExercisesI. Vocabulary A. 1. components 2. phenomenon 3. feature 4. waging 5. augmented 6. manipulation 7. authorizes 8. recognizing 9. reinforced 10. tranquilityVocabulary B. 1. into 2. to 3. to 4. up 5. in 6. in 7. in 8. to 9. in 10. t
23、oII. Reading Comprehension A. 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. BII. Reading Comprehension B. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. TII. Reading Comprehension C. 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. A 10. C Unit 2 Text B Public Management in Developing Countries Unit 2 Text C Public Administration in America: Why Our Uniqueness Is Exceptional and Important
