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1、Revisethe AppositiveUnit 2 Cloning GrammarObjectiveTorevisetheappositiveanduseitproperly.Lookatthefollowingsentences.1.FrederickWilliamI,theKingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.(必修必修2)2.Thereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainfor
2、Knigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.(必修必修2)3.SomepeoplehavetheideathattheycancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5,500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.(必修必修3)4.ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.(必修必修3)5.ThereisnodoubtthatJohnsqui
3、ckthinkingandthefirstaidskillshelearnedatschoolsavedMsSladeslife.(必修必修5)6.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer(选修选修6)1.Ontheonehand,thewholescientificworldfollowedtheprogressofthefirstsuccessfulclone,Dollythesheep.2.Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.3.Thencamethedisturbin
4、gnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.4.AltogetherDollylivedsixandahalfyears,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.Sentencesfromthisunit:totestyoursenseofobservationtotestyourabilityofshort-termmemorytotestyourabilitytohighlightthelanguagepointsGuess1.FrederickWilliamI,the_ofPrussia,couldneverhavei
5、maginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.2.Thereisnodoubt_theboxeswerethenputonatrainforKnigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.3.Somepeoplehavetheidea_theycancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefact_Canadais5,500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.Kin
6、gthatthatthat4.Thegirlsweresurprisedatthefact_oceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.5.Thereisnodoubt_JohnsquickthinkingandthefirstaidskillshelearnedatschoolsavedMsSladeslife.6.Thereisnodoubt_theearthisbecomingwarmerthatthatthat7.Ontheonehand,thewholescientificworldfollowedtheprogressofthefirstsuccessfulc
7、lone,_thesheep.8.Thefact_sheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.9.Thencamethedisturbingnews_Dollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.10.AltogetherDollylivedsixandahalfyears,_thelengthofthelifeoftheoriginalsheep.Dollythatthathalf1.Informationhasbeenputforward_moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniver
8、sities.(2001上海上海)A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as解析：答案解析：答案B。that引导从句作引导从句作information的同位语，解释的同位语，解释information的具体内容。的具体内容。2.Theresafeelinginme_wellneverknowwhataUFOisnotever.(2002上海上海)A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what解析：答案解析：答案A。同位语从句。同位语从句thatwellneverknowwhataUFOisnotever作作afeeling的同位语，解释的同位语，解释afeeling的具体的具体内
9、容。内容。that连接同位语从句时只起连接连接同位语从句时只起连接作用，不作从句的任何成分。作用，不作从句的任何成分。3.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars_roadconditionsneed_.(2003上海上海)A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;tobeimprovedD.when;improving解析：答案为解析：答案为A。that引导同位语从句引导同位语从句说明说明“新问题新问题”的内容。的内容。need后既可后既可接接动名词主动式，也可接动词不定式
10、被动名词主动式，也可接动词不定式被动式作宾语。动式作宾语。以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。该语法项的重难点。1.Tom,ourmonitor,isahandsomeboy.2.Imyselfwilldotheexperiment.3.Sheistheoldestamongthemsix.4.Hetoldmethenewsthattheplanehadexploded.名词名词代词代词数词数词
11、下面句子中红色部分在句中作什么成分？下面句子中红色部分在句中作什么成分？从句从句同位语同位语 The Appositive同位语同位语是句子成分的一种是句子成分的一种, , 它位于名词、代词后面它位于名词、代词后面, , 说明它们的性质和情况说明它们的性质和情况, , 它可以由名词、代词、它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。名词性短语或从句充当。同位语的表现形式有以下几种：同位语的表现形式有以下几种：(1)名词名词(2)代词代词(3)数词数词(4)从句从句(5)由由suchas,thatis引导引导Somesubjects,suchasmathsandphysics,areverydif
12、ficulttolearn.某些学科某些学科,例如数学和物理例如数学和物理,是很难学的。是很难学的。(6)由由of引导引导ThecityofBeijinghasbeengreatlychangedsince2000.自从自从2000年以来年以来,北京市发生了很大的变化。北京市发生了很大的变化。(7)由由or引导引导Thefreezingtemperature,orfreezingpoint,isthetemperatureatwhichwaterfreezesunderordinarypressure.结冰温度即冰点结冰温度即冰点,是水在常压下结冰是水在常压下结冰时的温度。时的温度。Theho
13、pethathemayrecoverisnotgoneyet.Theproblemwhetherweshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback.Whatkindofclausesarethey?TheyareAppositiveClauses.在前一单元我们讲解了在前一单元我们讲解了名词性从句。其中我们名词性从句。其中我们已经接触到了已经接触到了同位语从同位语从句句。接下来我们就详细。接下来我们就详细讲解同位语从句。讲解同位语从句。(1)同位语从句的定义同位语从句的定义在复合句中用作同位语
14、的从句称为同位在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作用。种。它在句中起同位语的作用。同位语从句同位语从句 The Appositive Clause它一般放在它一般放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,thought,doubt,promise,question等名词的后面等名词的后面,对前面的名词作进一步的解释对前面的名词作进一步的解释,说明前面说明前面名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有有that,
15、whether,what,how,when,where等。等。同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：注意注意:Thethoughtcametoherthatmaybeshehadleftthedooropenwhenshelefthome.她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。上。(2)同位语从句的表现形式同位语从句的表现形式:由由that引导引导Thefactthatyouhaventenoughtimetodotheworkissimplyunbelievable.Thehopethathemaycomehereisn
16、otgoneyet.ThenewsthathehasbeenelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStatesistrue.Thetruththatheavyobjectsandlightobjectsfallatthesamespeedisknowntoall.Theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebotheredscientists.由由whether引导引导Thequestionwhetherweneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.由由when引导引导Ihave
17、noideawhentheywillgo.(3)同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别:同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常同位语从句与定语从句在使用中常常混淆常混淆,我们可以从以下几个方面区我们可以从以下几个方面区别它们别它们:同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象同位语从句说明的名词大都是抽象名词名词;定语从句所修饰、限定的名词定语从句所修饰、限定的名词或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。或代词有抽象的也有不抽象的。WeexpressthehopethattheywillcometovisitChinaagain.Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.同位
18、同位语语从句所从句所说说明的名明的名词词与从句没有与从句没有逻辑逻辑关系关系,定定语语从句所限定的名从句所限定的名词词是从是从句句逻辑逻辑上的主上的主语语、宾语宾语、表、表语语、定、定语语、状状语语等。等。(同位语从句同位语从句)(定语从句定语从句)Thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue.(同位同位语语从句从句,news和从句没有和从句没有逻辑逻辑关系关系)Thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue.(定定语语从句从句,news是是told的的逻辑宾语逻辑宾语)Theorderwhenweshouldgobackhasntreachedus
19、.(同位同位语语从句从句,order和从句没有和从句没有逻辑逻辑关系关系)ThedaywhenNewChinawasfoundedwillneverbeforgotten.(定定语语从句从句,day是是founded的的逻辑逻辑状状语语)引导同位语从句的连词不可省略引导同位语从句的连词不可省略;引导定引导定语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。语从句的关系代词作宾语时常可省略。Thenewsthathehasbeenelectedmonitorofourclassistrue.Thenews(that)hetoldmeisexciting.同位同位语语从句与先行从句与先行词词一般可一般可变变成一个
20、完整成一个完整句子句子,谓语动词谓语动词用用be的不同形式的不同形式。Heheardthenewsthattheirteamhadwon.Thenewswasthattheirteamhadwon.此句可以此句可以变为变为一个表一个表语语从句从句:我们可以在名词和从句之间加我们可以在名词和从句之间加be，使之构成，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表则是同位语从句，定语从句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。Thebeliefthattheearthisflatisstillhe
21、ldinsomecountries.Thebeliefisthattheearthisflat.同位语从句的简易判断方法：同位语从句的简易判断方法：Review一个名词或代词后面有时可以跟一个一个名词或代词后面有时可以跟一个名词（或起类似作用的其他形式），名词（或起类似作用的其他形式），对前者进一步说明它指的是谁，什么对前者进一步说明它指的是谁，什么等，那么这一部分就叫做同位语。等，那么这一部分就叫做同位语。区分同位语从句与定语从句。区分同位语从句与定语从句。1.Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary_hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.(2005浙
22、江浙江)A.whoB.thatC.asD.which2.Isthereanypossibility_youcouldpickmeupattheairport?Noproblem.(2009浙江浙江)A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.whatI.Choosethebestanswer.3.Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence_smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.(2011天津天津)A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where4.Imadeapromisetomyself_thisyear,myfirstyearinhigh
23、school,wouldbedifferent.(2012浙江浙江)A.whetherB.whatC.that D.how1.Ihadnoidea_(你在你在这里这里).2.Thebelief_(条条大路通罗马条条大路通罗马)issharedbymanypeople.3.Thethoughtcametohim_(或许或许敌人已经逃离了那个城市敌人已经逃离了那个城市).thatyouwereherethatallroadsleadtoRomeII.Translatethefollowingsentences.thatmaybetheenemyhadfledfromthecity4.Ivecome
24、fromMr.Wangshomewithamessage_(他今天下午不能去机场为你送行了他今天下午不能去机场为你送行了).5.Wehaventyetsettledthequestion_(到哪儿去度暑假到哪儿去度暑假).theairporttoseeyouoffthisafternoonthathewontbeabletogotosummervacationwherewearegoingtospendourIII.阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，根据提示法性和上下文连贯的要求，根据提示填空。填空。In1929,threeyearsaft
25、erhisflightovertheNorthPole,theAmerican_(explore),R.E.Byrd,successfullyflewovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime.Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow,theysoonranintoserioustrouble.explorerAtonepoint,itseemedcertain_(连词连词)theirplanewouldcrash.Itcouldonly
26、getoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000feet.Byrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks.Theplanewasthenabletoriseanditclearedthemountainsby400feet.Byrdnowknew_(连词连词)hewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPolewhichwas300milesaway,fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.Thefact_(连词连词)theaircraftwasabletoflyovertheendlesswhiteplainswithoutdifficultycheeredeverybodyup.thatthatthatThank you!
