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1、英语倒装句结构英语倒装句结构及练习及练习Inversion Inversion 倒装的原因倒装的原因: :一、语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）一、语法结构的需要（如某些疑问句）Have youfinishedyourhomework?(一般疑问句）一般疑问句）Whereare youfrom?（特殊疑问句）特殊疑问句）Itsafineday,isnt it?（反意疑问句）反意疑问句）Is sheadoctororaworker?（选择疑问句选择疑问句）注意：疑问代词作主语的时候不倒装。注意：疑问代词作主语的时候不倒装。Who inventedthenewmachine?二、强调二、强调的需要的需
2、要；三、保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密相接。三、保持句子的平衡或是上下文紧密相接。2.部分倒装部分倒装只把只把助动词助动词, ,bebe动词、动词、或或动词动词放在主语前放在主语前边边, , 是是部分倒装部分倒装1.完全倒装完全倒装:把把谓语全部谓语全部移到移到主语之前，主语之前，是全部倒装。是全部倒装。 Kinds of inversionOnlywhenthewarwasovercould hebegintoworkagain.Infrontofthehousesat a girl,whowasreadinganovel.自然语序自然语序:主语主语+谓语谓语倒装语序倒装语序:谓语谓语+主语主
3、语倒装句分为倒装句分为:一、一、 全全 部部 倒倒 装装 （谓语全部放在主语之前）（谓语全部放在主语之前） 此结构通常只用于此结构通常只用于 一般现在时和一般过去时一般现在时和一般过去时1.therebe句型句型,其中其中be动词有时可动词有时可exist,live,stand,lie,seem,appear,remain,happen等词代替等词代替(全部倒装）全部倒装）There+be/vi+S(+)1)Thereis an experienced teacher and many lovely studentsintheclassroom.2)Therelaya winding broo
4、kinfrontofanoldhouse.2.方位方位/向词向词in,out,there,here,inside,outside,up,down,away,off,downstairs,upstairs等及等及now,then在句首在句首,主语是名词时主语是名词时,谓语动谓语动 词常用词常用be,come,go,lie,run等构成等构成全部倒装全部倒装Out/There/Now/+come/go/+S(名词名词)1)Awayflewthe birdwhichIboughtyesterday.2)Therecomesthe bus!Theregoesthe bell.3)Herearesome
5、 examples.4)Nowcomesyour turntosweepthefloor.5)Thencamea new difficulty.6)Awaywentthe boys.注意：注意：主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。主语是人称代词时，仍用自然语序。Awaythey went.(=They went away.) Thereit / he comes!3.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时( (全部倒装全部倒装) ) “直接引语直接引语” + + 谓语谓语(较短较短或或后面无宾语后面无宾语)+ + S（+ + “直接引语直接引语”）注意：注意：主语是代词时
6、，不倒装。主语是代词时，不倒装。“Thecarismine,”hesaid.“Thecarismine,”said Tom.“Help!Help!”cried the girl.“”she cried and cried.“”the student told me.4.为了平衡句子结构为了平衡句子结构; ;上下文衔接上下文衔接, , 或为了强调表或为了强调表 语或状语语或状语(常为介词短语), ,将表语或状语提前将表语或状语提前. .( (全部倒装全部倒装) )表语表语/状语状语(形容词形容词/副词副词/介词短语介词短语)+系动词系动词或或不及物动词不及物动词+S(名词名词)+(+)1)The
7、yarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsata small boy.2)Nearbywere the canoesinwhichtheyhadcometotheisland.3)Southwestofourschoolaremany big trees.4)Oneithersideweresome flowers.1)5)Gentleenoughisthe girl.2)6)Brighteyestheywere. (主语是代词不倒装主语是代词不倒装)3)7)Suchwasnothis intention.4)8)Sucharethe facts.5.现在分词现在
8、分词/过去分词过去分词/+ be + S1)Standinginhisroomare some strangers.2)Seatedonthegrassare some boys.二、部二、部 分分 倒倒 装装 把助动词，连系动词或情态动词把助动词，连系动词或情态动词 放在主语之前放在主语之前1.用于疑问句用于疑问句（部分倒装）（部分倒装）Shall everything bereadybeforeyouarrive?WhatcanIdoforyou?注意：疑问词做主语或修饰主语时，主谓不颠倒注意：疑问词做主语或修饰主语时，主谓不颠倒.Whocan workitout?How many stu
9、dentshave readthisbook?Only+状状(副词副词/介词短语介词短语/状语从句状语从句)+V(1)+S+V(2)Onlythendidhelearnaboutthetruth.OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.OnlywhenMarycamebackdidhegotobed.Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeable to gethappilybacktowork.2.Only+状语放在句首时。状语放在句首时。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）3.含有否定意义的副词含有否定意义的副词, ,连词置于句首连词置于句首(
10、(部分倒装部分倒装) ) hardly,rarely,seldom,scarcely,barely,not,never,few,little,neither,nor, notonly,hardlywhen,innocase,bynomeans,nosoonerthan,many a time,等等。否定词语否定词语+V(1)+S+V(2)(+)1)Notonlywasshebeautifulbutalsoshewaskind.=(如否定词不在句首不倒装如否定词不在句首不倒装) Shewasnotonlybeautifulbutalsoshewaskind.2)Notuntilyesterday
11、didhecameback.=Hedidntcomebackuntilyesterday3)Littledoeshecarefordress.=Hecareslittlefordress.4)Hardly(Scarcely)hadhereceivedtheletterwhenhestartedoffatonce.= Hehadhardly(scarcely)receivedtheletterwhenhestartedoffatonce.5)Nosoonerhadhis headtouchedthepillowthanhefellasleep.=His headhadnosoonertouche
12、dthepillowthanhefellasleep.=6)Nervehave I seenhimsoangry.=7)Undernoexcusesmustyouquarrel.=8)Seldomdoeshereadnewspapers.=9)Hardlyanysoundcouldwehear.=1)Hardlyanyonebelievethattoday.2)Notonlyyou butalsoshehas beentoBeijing.3)Neitherthe girlsnorJohnisto blame.修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装修饰或连接主语时，主谓不倒装4.频率状语频率状语/ /方式
13、状语方式状语/ /+V(1)+S+V(2)(+)1)Oftendidwewarnthemnottodoso.2)WelldoIrememberthedaywhenithappened. a.前句前句(肯定句肯定句),+(and)so+特殊动词特殊动词+S1)Ifyoucometomorrow,so willI.2)Societyhaschangedandsohavethe peopleinit.3)“Ihatesmoking.”“SodoI” b.前句前句(否定句否定句)+neither/ nor/+特殊动词特殊动词/+S4)“Iwontdosuchathing”“Neither/Norwil
14、lI ”5)Johnhasntleft.Norhavehis parents.*Soitiswith5.so,as,neither,nor,nomore位于句首位于句首,表示表示前面的情况也适合于另一人或物。前面的情况也适合于另一人或物。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）*若只是对前面所述内容的肯定或确认若只是对前面所述内容的肯定或确认,则不倒装则不倒装1)“Itsraininghard”“Soit is.2)TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.6.“so/such+表语表语/ /状语状语+that从句从句”结构中的结构中的so或或such引导的表语引导的表语/状
15、语放在句首时。状语放在句首时。 （部分倒装或全部倒装）（部分倒装或全部倒装）So+形形/副副+V(1)+S+V(2)+that从句从句1)Sofrightenedwassheinthedarknessthatshedidntdaretomoveatall.2)Sucha lovely childishethatwealllovehim.3)Sohotwasthe weatherthatwecouldntsleep.1)4)Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeoplein2)thenextroomcouldhearhim.3)5)Sohurriedlydidshe leave
16、thatsheforgot4)toswitchoffthelights.7.用于形容词（名词用于形容词（名词/ /动词）动词）+ + as/though 的让步状语从句中。的让步状语从句中。（部分倒装或全部倒装）（部分倒装或全部倒装）1)YoungasTomis,heknowsalot.=Childasheis,heknowsalot.( = A small child as he is, he knows a lot.)2)Youngestasheisinourclass,hispronunciationisthebest.a.表表语语(形形容容词词/名名词词)+as/though+S+系动
17、词系动词,+主句（不倒装）主句（不倒装）1)Tryhardastheywould,theycouldnotliftthebox.Tryas they might,2)Fastas you read,youcantfinishthisbookintwodays.b.副词状语副词状语/动词原形动词原形/+as/though+S，+主句（不倒装）主句（不倒装） 其它让步状从：其它让步状从：Howevergreatthedifficultymaybe,wewontloseheart.Saywhatyouwill,Iwontchangemymind.8.用于省略用于省略ifif的虚拟条件从句中的虚拟条件
18、从句中, , should/were/had 放在句首。放在句首。（部分倒装）（部分倒装）Were/Should/Had/Could+S+,+主句（不倒装）主句（不倒装）1)WereIa bird,Iwouldflytohim.=IfIwere a bird,2)Shoulditrain,Iwouldntgotoschoolbybike.=Ifitshould rain,3)HadIhadacamera,Iwouldhavehadmyphototakenthere.=IfIhad hada,I9.用于表示祝愿和祝福之类的句子中。用于表示祝愿和祝福之类的句子中。（部分倒装或全部倒装）（部分倒装或
19、全部倒装）1)Mayyoube happy! Maytheysucceedindoingtheexperiment.2)Long livethe Peoples Republic of China! May+S(第二、三人称第二、三人称)+动词原形。动词原形。选择填空选择填空1、thatweallwentout,lyinginthesun.ATheweathersofinewasBSofinewastheweatherCSotheweatherwasfineDSowasfineweather2、Underhisarmapairofshoeswhichhehadboughtfromtheshop
20、afewdaysbefore.AisBareCwasDwere3、whohadarrestedhimthreetimesforcarryingdrugs.ABeforeGeorgestoodthepolicemanBBeforeGeorgethepolicemanstoodCBeforethepolicemanstoodGeorgeDBeforeGeorgedidthepoliceman4、Thenwehadbeenlookingforwardto.AcamethehourBthehourcameCcomesthehourDthehouriscoming5、Onlywhenhestartedt
21、oexplainthereasonforthis.AsherealizedBdidsherealizeCshehadrealizedDhadsherealized6、succeedindoinganything.AOnlybyworkinghardwecanBByonlyworkinghardwecanCOnlybyworkinghardcanweDOnlywecanbyworkinghard7、Notforamomentthetruthofyourstory.AhehasdoubtedBhedoubtsCdidhedoubtDhediddoubt8、Nowhereelseintheworld
22、cheapertailoring(裁缝业裁缝业)thaninHongKong.AatouristcanfindBcanatouristfindCatouristwillfindDatouristhasfound9、Hardlywhenthebussuddenlypulledaway.Atheyhadgottothebus-stopBtheygottothebus-stopCdidtheygettothebus-stopDhadtheygottothebus-stop10、MarydoesntspeakFrench,anddoesJoan.ANotBneither CeitherDso11、Do
23、youknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?Idontknow,.AnordontIcareBnordoIcareCIdontcareneitherDIdontcarealso12、Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury_whatheatis.AmandidknowBmanknewCdidntmanknowDdidmanknow13、Afterthatweneversawheragainnor_fromher.AdidwehearBweheardChadweheardDwehaveheard14、Johnwonthefirstpriz
24、einthecontest.ASohedid.BSodidhe.CSohedid,too.DSodidhe,too.15、,hedoesntstudywell.AAsheiscleverBHeisascleverCCleverasheisDAscleverheis16、Youcanneverusemytaperecorder.timeshouldyoutouchthatmachine.AAtno BAtanyCAnyDNo17、Scarcelytheroomthephonerang.AIhadenteredwhenBHadIenteredthenChadIenteredwhenDhaveIen
25、teredwhen18、Onlysavehislife.AcanthedoctorBthedoctorcanCwillthedoctorDcouldthedoctor19、Hardlyanybodytheboy,becauseheisrude.AdoeslikeBlikesCdolikeDLike20、Sowellthattheteacherpraisedher.AshehaddoneherhomeworkBherhomeworkhadbeendoneCdidshedoherhomeworkDshedidherhomework21、Onlywhentoknowhimwillyougetalon
26、gwithhim.AdoyoucomeBwillyoucomeCyoucomeDyouwillcome22、Out,guninhand.AdidherushBrushedheCherushedDhadherushed23、Hehadpromisedmetocometotheparty,and.AsodidheBsohedidCsohewouldDsowouldhe24、Intotheskythelightbluesmoke.AwentupBupwentCdidgoupDhadgoneup25、Littleabouthisownlifeatthemeeting.AdidhetalkBhetalk
27、edChewastalkingDhadhetalked26、Undernocircumstancesfirstusenuclearweapons.AwillChinaBChinawillCdoesChinaDdoChina27、takenthatexamination,shecouldhavepassedit.AWeresheBHadshebeabletoCIfshewouldhaveDHadshe28、tomorrow,wewouldputoffthematchtillnextMonday.AShoulditrainedBWereittorainCIfitwouldrainDHaditrai
28、ned29、Look,here.AMr.BrowncomesBdoesMr.BrowncomeCcomesMr.BrownDMr.Brownhascome30、Oftenusgoodadvice.AdidshegiveBshedidgiveCshegaveDshehasgiven31、NotuntilIbegantoworkhowmuchtimeIhadwasted.AdidntIrealizeBdidIrealizeCIdidntrealizeDIrealize32、Littleabouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.Adoeshe
29、careBdidhecareChecaresDhecared33、beganournewlesson.AButBThus CSuchDSothat34、Bynomeanslookdownuponthepoor.AweshouldBweshouldnotCdoweDshouldwe35、Onlywhen30yearsoldtolearnEnglish.Awashe,didhebegin Bhewas,hebeganCwashe,hebeganDhewas,didhebegin36、Notoncetheirplan.AdidtheychangeBtheychangedCchangedtheyDth
30、eydidchanged37、“Itsveryhottoday.”“.”ASoitisBSoisitCSodoesitDSoitdoes38、-Afishneedswaterandwithoutwateritwilldie.-.ASodoesamanBSowillamanCSoitiswithamanDSoisitwithaman39、Theyarrivedatthefarmhouse,infrontofwhich.AsatasmallboyBasmallboysatCissittingasmallboyDasmallboysitting40、Societyhaschangedandinit.AsohavethepeopleBsothepeoplehaveCthepeoplehavesoDhavethepeopleso
