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1、lCan you recognize this kind of plant?Mugwort plants 艾草lWhat do you think of when it comes to mugwort plants? lHow about this one?vWhich festival will cross your mind at the sight of the picture of Qu Yuan?Dragon Boat Festival About its namesThe Dragon Boat Festival is also called the Duanwu Festiva
2、l. Since it is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth month according to the Chinese calendar, it earns another name Double Fifth Festival.Actually, it has a variety of names in Chinese. List 端阳节端阳节、龙舟节、龙舟节、女儿节、午日节、女儿节、午日节、五月节、艾节、五月节、艾节、端五、重五、端五、重五、夏节、天中节、夏节、天中节、浴兰节、屈原日、诗人节浴兰节、屈原日、诗人节 Its populari
3、tylIt is a popular and traditional festival celebrated by the Hans, Koreans, Mongolians, Huis, Yis, Bais, Miaos, Zhuangs and others, altogether 27 of the 56 nationalities in China.TheTheoriginsoriginsofofDragon Boat FestivalThere are a great many of legends about There are a great many of legends ab
4、out the origin of Dragon Boat Festival. The the origin of Dragon Boat Festival. The most popular theory of the origin of the most popular theory of the origin of the festival is that it was derived from the festival is that it was derived from the activities activities commemorating commemorating km
5、emreiti （纪念）（纪念）QuQu Yuan Yuan. The story about . The story about QuQu Yuan Yuan has been deeply rooted in Chinese culture has been deeply rooted in Chinese culture and this festival, so it is definitely a very and this festival, so it is definitely a very important factor for the origin of the impo
6、rtant factor for the origin of the festival. festival. Qu Yuans drowning into the Miluo RiverlQu Yuan was a minister of the State of Chu situated in present-day Hunan and Hubei provinces, during the Warring States Period (475-221BC)（战国时期）（战国时期）. He was upright, loyal and highly esteemed （德高望重）（德高望重）
7、for his wise counsel kaunsl （进谏）（进谏）that brought peace and prosperity to the state. nHowever, when a dishonest and corrupt prince vilified vilifaid （中伤） Qu Yuan, he was disgraced, dismissed from office, and eventually exiled. During his exile, Qu Yuan did not give up. He traveled extensively, taught
8、 and wrote about his ideas. His works, the Lament lment (Li Sao), the Nine Chapters (Jiu Zhang), and Wen tian, are masterpieces and invaluable for studying ancient Chinese culture. n nHe saw the gradual He saw the gradual decline of his decline of his mother country, the mother country, the Chu Stat
9、e. And Chu State. And when he heard that when he heard that the Chu State was the Chu State was defeated by the defeated by the strong Qin State, strong Qin State, he was so he was so despaired that he despaired that he ended his life by ended his life by flinging himself flinging himself into the i
10、nto the MiluoMiluo River. River. Legend says after people heard he drowned, they were greatly dismayed. Fishermen raced to the spot in their boats to search for his body. Unable to find his body, people threw zongzi, eggs and other food into the river to feed fish, hoping to secure his corpse. Since
11、 then, people started to commemorate Qu Yuan through dragon boat races, eating zongzi and other activities, on the anniversary of his death, the 5th of the fifth month. lThis is said to be the origin of the present nation-wide custom, which is the common peoples expression of grief over Qus death.lB
12、ut since some of the well-known traditions of the festival already existed even before Qu Yuan, other origins of the festival were also suggested. lWen Yiduo suggested that the festival may be associated with dragon closely because two of the most important activities of the festival, dragon boat ra
13、cing and eating zongzi, are related to dragon. lAnother view is that the festival is originated from the taboo 禁忌禁忌 of evil days. The fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar is traditionally considered an evil month and the 5th of the month is particularly a bad day, so a lot of taboo had been dev
14、eloped. Customs How do you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in your hometown? Zongzi Zongzi is a pyramid dumpling made of glutinous lu:tins rice（糯（糯米）米）wrapped in bamboo or reed （芦苇）leaves. ZongziThe people of Chu who mourned the death of Qu Yuan threw rice into the river to feed his ghost every y
15、ear on the fifth day of the fifth month. But one year, the spirit of Qu Yuan appeared and told the mourners that a huge reptile reptail（爬行动物）（爬行动物）in the river had stolen the rice. The spirit then advised them to wrap the rice in silk and bind （绑）（绑） it with five different-colored threads before tos
16、sing （投）（投） it into the river. Ingredients of zongziIngredients such as beans, lotus seeds（莲子）（莲子）, chestnuts（栗子）（栗子）, pork fat and the golden yolk juk （蛋黄）（蛋黄）of a salted duck egg are often added to the glutinous rice. Dragon boat racesThe dragon-boat races symbolize the many attempts to rescue and
17、 recover Qus body. A typical dragon boat ranges from 50-100 feet in length, with a beam （梁）of about 5.5 feet, accommodating two paddlers seated side by side.Today, people hold the race differently from place to place.Here are some instances.1. Along the Miluo River in Hubei Province, the festival ce
18、lebrators hold a grand opening ceremony before the race starts. 2. At the ceremony dozonds of men in new clothes, with burning candles in hands, walk around boats three times to show worship of Lu Ban. 3.Then they carry, on their shoulders, an image of a dragons head to the Temple of Qu Yuan.4. Fina
19、lly, they tie red ribbons to the boats and pull them into the river for the race.5. At the crack of a signal gun, the boats race ahead like discharged arrows fitted to bowstrings 弓弦.Xiamen and ZhangzhouIn the areas of Xiamen and Zhangzhou of Fujian Province, a big wooden boat is arranged lying at th
20、e finishing line. When race boats reach the line, a number of ducks are released from the big wooden boat into the river for all the racers to catch amid mid （在 之中）thunderous cheers of spectators on the banks.GuangdongHanging mugwort plants It is said that hanging mugwort plants can protect people f
21、rom ill fortune. This custom hangs an interesting folk tale. Towards the end of the Tang Dynasty (618-907) a nation-wide peasant uprising took place. It is said that one day its leader Huang Chao, commanding his army, came to present Dengxian County city of Henan Province to survey the terrain terei
22、n （地形）for a battle.nHuang came across a panic-stricken woman who held a child about six years old in one arm and took a child about three years old by the hand. Puzzled, Huang dismounted from his horse and asked why she behaved so. The woman replied in a plaintive voice, “The older is an orphan and
23、the younger is my own son. In case we run into Huang Chaos soldiers, I would flee with the older alone at the sacrifice of my own son.” Huang was moved by the reply, pulling up two mugwort plants at the roadside immediately and gave them to her. Huang added:“ Tell the poor residents in Dengzhou city
24、 to hang this kind of mugwort plants on their doors. Seeing this sign, my soldiers will not kill them. ” the next day, Huang Chaos army captured Dengzhou city, killed the magistrate mdistrit (地方官员）地方官员）,and distributed grain from the official granaries rnri （谷仓）（谷仓）to the poor. That day happened to
25、be the Dragon Boat Festival; hence the custom of hanging mugwort plants on doors.Drinking realgar ril（雄黄）wine It is said that, on the day of Qu Yuans death, an old practitioner of Chinese medicine poured a jar of realgar wine into the Miluo River, supposedly to make drunk the dragon and other aquati
26、c animals which might devour Qu Yuans corpse.Yet the present custom is a little different from what it used to be. At the festival, adults of a family drink it as a prevention against vermin v:min （害虫）（害虫）and children, who are unfit to drink wine, have some of the wine applied to their noses and ear
27、s for the same purpose. People also like to sprinkle the wine over their floors for sterilization sterilaizein （杀菌）on that day.World HeritageThe Dragon Boat Festival comprising ceremonies, dances, performances, games, and the preparation of food and beverages, is carried out in an atmosphere of harmony that strengthens social cohesion kuhi:n （凝聚力）（凝聚力）, and is regarded and transmitted by Chinese from generation to generation as part of our cultural identity.
