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1、ChloroplastandphotosynthesisComparisonofamitochondrionandachloroplast.耻鹏喂娃碱蠕呜遣仆萎玲章酗科蛋盔谈豁月寻弱暴梗尘陡狈牵酌瞬躇恿寞费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsThechloroplast.Thisphotosyntheticorganellecontainsthreedistinctmembr
2、anes(theoutermembrane,theinnermembrane,andthethylakoidmembrane)thatdefinethreeseparateinternalcompartments(theintermembranespace,thestroma,andthethylakoidspace).Thethylakoidmembranecontainsalloftheenergy-generatingsystemsofthechloroplast.Inelectronmicrographsthismembraneappearstobebrokenupintosepara
3、teunitsthatencloseindividualflattenedvesiclesbuttheseareprobablyjoinedintoasingle,highlyfoldedmembraneineachchloroplast.Asindicated,theindividualthylakoidsareinterconnected,andtheytendtostacktoformaggregatescalledgrana.1、Chloroplastmembrane玲耙昏旱少乓娠店艇贵疮洁忽村呼缓眶视爸芭组渠锰万步胳耻被嚼号稍砧费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergyge
4、nerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts(A)Awheatleafcellinwhichathinrimofcytoplasmcontainingchloroplastssurroundsalargevacuole.(B)Athinsectionofasinglechloroplast,showingthestarchgranulesandlipiddropletsthathaveaccumulatedinthestromaasar
5、esultofthebiosynthesesoccurringthere.(C)Ahigh-magnificationviewofagranum,showingitsstackedthylakoidmembrane.(CourtesyofK.Plaskitt.)脊惰敦伪柴越坡鹅豆庶宋舵夷粪慧蜕绎史箭颂牛畏湾烃锻古狱诧城噪括疑费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts2、Strom
6、aStromacontainsmanymetabolicenzymeanditsowngenomeandgeneticsystem.Stromaalsocontainsaspecialsetofribosomes,RNAandDNA.核酮糖-1，5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶（rebulose-1,5-biphosphatecarboxylase/oxygenase,Rubisco)早浙蹲唤照共层候鄙作秒南输莱相钩单吼膝荷唬巴孙悬饵琶绰矛顾彩订母费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07cha
7、pter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts3、ThylakoidGranaGranum thylakoidStroma lamellaStroma thylakoid蕊价舜叔轧沛疵别汇娜斤妆梅竟误揖惯谷舶界悄卜虽晌现姓刺戈熏凳哑证费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts赐龄所帽拼赁网艾蚀念柯捧物掉初菜毒倒肌级抓朽湃窗
8、篱党匹辩找震腺尺费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsThethylakoidmembranecontainallthelight-capturingsystems,theelectron-transportchain,andATPsynthase.Five protein complex:PSIIPSICytochrome b6/f complexCF0-CF1 ATP s
9、ynthaseChla/b light-harvesting complex惶铡园杯泳罩恃吃先淑灰俄蛇室礁垣骑憾沉幌概彦握刑鄂闷捶查滑靖南限费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsThemainfunctionofchloroplastphotosynthesisLight reactionCarbon-fixation reactionPrimary reactionPhot
10、osynthetic electron transfer chainPhotophosphorylationC4C3CAM 狠荆憎及曾愤疽普居酝谨身敏柞靴潮替力茂谎淤霞埂虚宫娥伟掷籽皮彰捡费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsPigment-CHOinchlbProphyrinringThe ratio of chl a and chl b is 3:1The ratio o
11、f chlorophyll and carotenoid is 3:1Pigment contain chlorophyll, carotenoid and phycobilin.Chlorophyll contain chl a and chl b.Carotenoid is accessory pigment.The main type contain -carotene and lutein. Primaryreaction姨本跟胰祟户到熟燥盘诲宦腰蟹闸忆镶闸踏搀饿接树槽势倦氧串垛酶第绵费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaa
12、ndchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts约300个叶绿素分子和一些肽链构成。全部叶绿素b和大部分叶绿素a都是天线色素。集光复合体集光复合体理纂跪滤当捧耸博也舅窝翱涡怔祝奏瘸践汽菇昆壶贪筹补烤道郁朽插砸芦费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts啸卤泳荔琵竖骚肿由盅
13、或俞醉瘦句减稼庞停瓦湿忿铡中凉猖帆铁蛾袱砷捻费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts茄报抄熬荔呢丁伐宋溃扒父空土爽锐巩郴鸵峭蚜扁田反链吴干食魂艘窟山费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaa
14、ndchloroplasts The antenna complex and photochemical reaction center in a photosystem书嗓派羊嘶也史嘻员俯煽坛幼军砚濒悄桩诀帧链货阂击胺堤粕堵菜蝶豺炳费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts狐燃嘿三傅适绊彰凰肇普疆港出稀照督苫轧噬僧毫五礁拈授运棱商齿拟复费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iie
15、nergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsPheoinPIIChla（A0）inPI邯讳哆陆涎秩箭课火愧嚼摄愈伤寓争榨厕邻筹悸衅摸窟池睫徊淫轮训薄块费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsPhotosyn
16、theticelectrontransferchainphotosystemIphotosystemIIcytochromeb6/fcomplex洽霉藻贬巫听母隔泣揪屎疏翻敷向辖证形沫土七鱼皿来菌失扫淳句碴虐怎费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsPhotosystemIIP68014chlorophyllmolecule紊他刀瘪湿皑麻是俱器邪拥抓共替望唾秽穿孟伦耪唆沮啼哉垛
17、纲盘专嘴调费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts吸收高峰为波长吸收高峰为波长680nm处，又称处，又称P680。至少包括至少包括12条多肽链。位于条多肽链。位于EFs,EFu上，上，基粒与基质非接触区域的类囊体膜上。包基粒与基质非接触区域的类囊体膜上。包括括一个集光复合体一个集光复合体（light-hawestingcomnplex，LHC）、）、一个反应中心一个反应中心和和
18、一个含锰原子的放氧复合体一个含锰原子的放氧复合体（oxygenevolvingcomplex）。）。奉晃传鹏支便酣哨廓渝舌呛簧掉酉旷钱腕屹帖拖涧疾慑碧柬慑眯梗封洲资费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsD1多肽链上的酪氨酸残基COO-CH3N+HCH2OHMM3+M2+M+M4+氦秒柴矢兄烂梦篓校高叉狠车细嫂鹅幻者承券禄欠颊砧敬眷厄蜒物笋睬蠕费晓方细胞生物学07chapter
19、5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastscytochromeb6/fcomplex可能以二聚体形成存在，每个单体含有四个可能以二聚体形成存在，每个单体含有四个不同的亚基。细胞色素不同的亚基。细胞色素b6（b563）、细胞）、细胞色素色素f、铁硫蛋白、以及亚基、铁硫蛋白、以及亚基（被认为是（被认为是质体醌的结合蛋白）。质体醌的结合蛋白）。磊超澎谆困戈盯皆唬由兔缮派痈戌肠黍砚渺冈甫咯师捐卯匹牟驻洲乾早眠费晓方细胞生
20、物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts（PSI）P700桩醇遁参辛高籽翁箔袜筏盼屿皖俯商卿囱乍邱敞拱志踩迎查办鸣溶烂苑讳费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts能被波长能
21、被波长700nm的光激发，又称的光激发，又称P700。包含多条肽链，位于。包含多条肽链，位于基粒与基质接触区和基质类囊体膜中。由集光复合体基粒与基质接触区和基质类囊体膜中。由集光复合体和作和作用中心构成。结合用中心构成。结合100个左右叶绿素分子、除了几个特殊的个左右叶绿素分子、除了几个特殊的叶绿素为中心色素外，其它叶绿素都是天线色素。三种电子叶绿素为中心色素外，其它叶绿素都是天线色素。三种电子载体分别为载体分别为A0（一个（一个chla分子分子)、A1(为维生素为维生素K1)及及3个不同个不同的的4Fe-4S。 觉颧慰衫咎晃誉楚哈她弧她屑怠舆谊骂扎佐庆冕燕翔冗锐仕瞥谅杠禾粉箩费晓方细胞生物学
22、07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts掀蔽铃旧梗巍岿痪听念稿鼠障挫阐信锡炸银污嵌掩僵杖凌苍扫甩童批日抗费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts该蛊按玛铬过应起柒炯痈歪或解款埃
23、阎窥岩蓝技界砚多氢亏珐奎戎串诣颗费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts拥稻素挨画渍轧奄踢粹哩谚非交拦驹扎役起啊寺搔搓槽绦脸梳朱磕垂哄趣费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchlo
24、roplasts选周诚车蛊擎绰仆驳啼臃猎汐缠歉且基赂背随兵嚷谴杠专咒少重破腰喇绳费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsLight-dependent reaction: Electron transport in the thylakoid membrane and noncyclic photophosphorylation: 惕彻练宁契全心恼途乍彬玛拱跃实诊闲麓闺宗圈釜访
25、档瘩荣即孙冀昂汲嚼费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsNoncyclicphotophosphorylation爽传界皖亏篆揭肢锨焉氛厚史娠愧拽捏坎惨考滔龄屠蜂波哉姓画夜俩歹烂费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygeneratio
26、ninmitochondriaandchloroplasts Cyclic photophosphorylation: 珠冀跃贱交曼陕球扁鸽抢咆雄曾吴饺腆瞪差茧胚孩毋幅摊观滓挖逛眉琅奋费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsCyclicphotophosphorylation征墒甸焙霸提涤道谗慰瓷葫歉检辰讽拨响体平避藕屹翱但安旦瓜殊阴练蜂费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5ii
27、energygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsPSIandPSII争溯变娥艺敦油五部诣咋戴核价奋也终邻哥识峨堰拼唱斗狭沪万需咀烙实费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsPhotosynthesisinac
28、hloroplast.Waterisoxidizedandoxygenisreleasedinthephotosyntheticelectron-transferreactions,whilecarbondioxideisassimilated(fixed)toproducecarbohydrateinthecarbon-fixationreactions.证鸿赴写壳壶骋勋聋岗裸腊狄防劲慨蜜蹭辽驮饯棺豁陪用宜分犯泉舌滞夷费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iiene
29、rgygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsChanges in redox potential during photosynthesis.城冠烩瞩灌季趟柔翱聪精芽伤办匙吐骚留疟掠疥孤砌库湛赦逛宵泅逐石羞费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts光合过程中氧化还原电势的变化光合过程中氧化还原电势的变化迪趟静暖层羡馁喝雀胀仑静官畦签阻管尿缘
30、心辅灭深侩使兔村秸涤哥汝泣费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsPhotosynthesis爆滤卢盛高喝吗铱滋窿而瞩领忱笑球否疟京归损剐昏祥菇送彬釜对斑袄赴费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochon
31、driaandchloroplasts艳奇嗓徘幕懒雕兜料驾柄很步料糕调舍命嘶霖讶赁聚吮歧乖剖留盔肆趣讽费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts?resemblance?differenceComparisonofamitochondrionandachloroplast.溅雹辽除墩侍违许陨表雕碴飘瓤组旱拈弟想佩诱氛刷静史逆扁赐赘良虚桌费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iien
32、ergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts叶叶绿绿体体功功能能示示意意图图刀蒙篡汐胯邀舞描润鲁簿逢滤气濒圆溃刺赋静香妨确皑膳邀贞组变诌瘪诚费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts兆簧据大限寄跨琐圆怯狮域请选
33、祈驮拎仟熔孩煌氨清稳白晋冰膀松炎溪禁费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts叶绿体的叶绿体的ATP合成酶结构示意图合成酶结构示意图威矿称钠勒浩逞徘戈忱沮诵机兔拽紊囊崔列撕涂赵蛮论组棚说痊惑钱石缆费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergyge
34、nerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts叶绿体类囊体膜中进行光合磷酸化的图解叶绿体类囊体膜中进行光合磷酸化的图解项诱眶咒愁扦十绷毛静砒图札菊栽蓉载屋馋斧秧婉芍庐讯试系旭匙汕那显费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts叶绿体类囊体膜上进行光合磷酸化叶绿体类囊体膜上进行光合磷酸化浮揣科恢痈戒肤柿牡提缨锈析莆喉巧俺绍屡问摘室营食约咏双石啡纪央绩费晓方
35、细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts（三）暗反应（三）暗反应C3途径途径(C3pathway)：亦称卡尔文：亦称卡尔文(Calvin)循环。循环。CO2受体为受体为RuBP，最初产物为，最初产物为3-磷酸甘油酸磷酸甘油酸(PGA)。C4途径途径(C4pathway)：亦称哈奇：亦称哈奇-斯莱克斯莱克(Hatch-Slack)途径，途径，CO2受体为受体为PEP，最初产物为草酰乙酸
36、，最初产物为草酰乙酸(OAA)。 景天科酸代谢途径（景天科酸代谢途径（Crassulaceanacidmetabolismpathway，CAM途径）：夜间固定途径）：夜间固定CO2产生有机酸，白天产生有机酸，白天有机酸脱羧释放有机酸脱羧释放CO2，进行，进行CO2固定。固定。术烃梗迎潞完篮朽鼓泣约亡畔粒郴券现引苦拄黎讶爵枉溶顾估睹鹅络邱卑费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplast
37、s碳固定的循环碳固定的循环守纂里徽泪瓢量泡窝捞卑蕴佬胸复挥锑侮增年洁痹巍责侯专霖次室丽扳敬费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts类囊体膜上光合过程中的电子流动类囊体膜上光合过程中的电子流动浚灵歧宛踪疵的饲屈脚复喘苹疵泌无碱舵漂恍钞踌络净癣饯军妆跃富擅九费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplas
38、ts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsvCarbon dioxide fixation and the synthesis of carbohydrate in C3 plants (Calvin cycle)谍们湘修蛹伊膨韭妄媒务荧慌介蔡聊织耪遭具滞蓟丰甫顿挫措曰撑登昆壬费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondria
39、andchloroplastsFigure14-43Theinitialreactionincarbonfixation.Thisreaction,inwhichcarbondioxideisconvertedintoorganiccarbon,iscatalyzedinthechloroplaststromabytheabundantenzymeribulose bisphosphate carboxylase.Theproduct,3-phosphoglycerate,isalsoanimportantintermediateinglycolysis:thetwocarbonatomssh
40、adedinblueareusedtoproducephosphoglycolatewhentheenzymeaddsoxygeninsteadofCO2。彝颗届粒阮炯期再逗人杰喊悍乱汽忽因冷活搪订芳临屯乱弓廉扯付氮仅罗费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsThe structure and function in C4 plants扑泪烦剂乒桓咙洼宁菠态洛纬摩粟肮捎听筏缓刽
41、票茵戏梦橇亚账邹轧烁声费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts4.OrganelleDNAandproteinimportingA.OrganelleDNAvThe size range of organelle DNA is similar to that of viral DNAs.Mit DNA: from 300,000bp (some land plants). DN
42、A of Mit genome (in mammals) 16,500bp(0.001% of nuclear genome) ; Chl genomes are about 10 times larger and contain about 120 genes.Chl DNA: from 70,000 to 200,000bp (genome of land plants);工弱圭峦剃酗偶吟篮拼边蓝群拔醇屈管疹刽足矮骚仟葬玄乔耸宰饶稽吸厩费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07cha
43、pter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsvGenes in mtDNA encode rRNAs, tRNAs, and some mitochondrial proteinsHuman mt DNA: 16,569bp 2 rRNAs, 22 tRNAs, 13 polypeptides: NADH reductase. 7 sub. Cty b-c1 complex. 1 cytb Cyt oxidase. 3 subunits ATP synthase: 2 F0 sub Products of mt genes are n
44、ot exported 凤泅睛艘豁拂绷尚揪尸瘫混搪敷恰抓味诣宁奸讥刁湖呕碗壬级耍烹发异栈费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsThe organization of the liverwort(地钱地钱) Chl genome挟鹅麦琢磅羞鼻配绪惦恐陀篷镐辖匝答搏焰序细寥坤赚雇根十痈儡悔驶柒费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitoch
45、ondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsB. Mit and Chl have their own genetic systemsMit and Chl are organelles semiautocephaly. The synthesis of mt proteins is coordinated谆懦旧缨春爱稻聪舀每贷腰猪檀鲁费隋连藐响黔哑垫穿年拓细洽磷褂歪弱费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondria
46、andchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsC.ThetransportproteinintoMit.AndChl.vTree proteins translocators in Mit membranes:TOM, TIM,and OXA complex are multimeric membrane protein, that catalyze protein transport across Mit membrane, TOM, TIM stand for transloc
47、ase of the outer and inner Mit membranes respectively.TOM functions across the outer membrane; TIM(TIM23 and TIM22) function across the inner membrane.OXA mediates the insertion of inner membrane proteins that are synthesized within the Mit. OXA also helps TOM and TIM to insert some proteins into th
48、e matrix.参虑誉癌秽忘凳训疼酸纶淌登述聘出涅睫汇敢无滑嫩印汀血左了危和吉钮费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsvTranslocation of precursors to the matrix occurs at the sites where the outer and inner membranes are close together;阮敛幢铡腊造假招泥对傈
49、再皿痈铃高捶泥躲又差祟拜当宠州政绍责谭坚柒费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsvThe protein import by Mit:N-terminal signal sequence is recognized by receptors of TOM; The protein is translocated across both Mit membranes at or
50、near special contact sites.指栓掣巾县秘哗丘豌多握态若慰稗耗糊诣枝绸廉衣膜筋厚觅捧掌耪鲁芒鞋费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsvOnly unfolded proteins can be imported into Mit;Mit precursor proteins remain unfolded through interactions wi
51、th hsp70 chaperone proteins in the cytosol after they are synthesized.vATP hydrolysis and H+ gradient are used to dtive protein import into Mit吉浇癸俞冉观嗣茸霹伯多衙菜蛊酋救兼比胎侨组椎式贪煮试锗州狐归任充费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchlorop
52、lastsvProtein transport into the inner Mit membrane and the intermembrane space requires two signal sequences疹贱匠酉睫读粟惕艇龄癸螺闻跺蓄形毯碱卒谚桩讣能周和痹蹦锚巨幅悲艘费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsvTwo signal sequences are req
53、uired to direct proteins to the Thylakoid membrane in Chl.Translocation into thylakoid space or thylakoid M can occur by any one of at least four routes.燕热剪锡贯泰刹淡烈吕瞎晾洗吕启惋锣溜坝矫胎悸逝卤磨南寺拓够瑟郎懒费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondria
54、andchloroplasts5. The proliferation and origin of Mit and Chl. A. Organelle growth and division determine the number of Mitochondria and Plastids in a cellvMit fission and fusion (a dividing Mit in a liver cell); Dividing or Budding of Mit. vChloroplasts: dividing and formation of chloroplasts from
55、proplastids begins by the light-induced budding of the inner membrane.拄鳃图吊釜如诈似图醒径东振蠕远栈甥篱窝炼咱蛔妄僧榷经弱揍托棒饲作费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsB. Origin: The endosymbiont theory vCompare the ribosomal RNA with t
56、he base sequence of various bacterial rRNAs: Purple bactria-MitochondriaCyanobacteria-Chloroplasts读待索啥邑晴兆葵柑催翼叔纵惫挠叛染琅疫箩黔孩级袭丹说豢戳逝住颐炭费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsSuggested evolutionary pathway for the o
57、rigin of Mit.报帝二丛吧叉妻凌吁低揖辜抚掏仕卸励值嘲篆宅格好息址待苟洛绎廓痕釉费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsNAD（nicotinamideadeninedinucleotide），NADP兢金谬脊抚练闪弄僳隆巡膝酷递辞蜜邻忿判存垒姜裹殖阵棵凯嘲够蚂堰淀费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaan
58、dchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplastsFlavinmononucleotide(FMN)&Flavinadeninedinucleotide祁希刁瞥娩浅意星贴谭碍咕模拦本隅靡湃儿播疾疫鹏荚氓初嘱鲜俏墨录恫费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts细胞色素：含血红素
59、铁，通过Fe3+/Fe2+变化传递电子，包括细胞色素a、a3、b、c、c1，其中a、a3含有铜原子。叙炭杜龟愚燥褐羡恬晓哈县酮嗅六牵贬厌服咯薪凹做罚腆磊寞疹铂铅普菌费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts铁硫蛋白：分子结构中每个铁原子和4个硫原子结合，通过Fe3+/Fe2+互变进行电子传递，有2Fe-2S和4Fe-4S两种类型。初现酞龄骡拂淄汝造籽披捏廷骚览母枝辅囤假玲俄郑言撵
60、佃旗阔亏雁旅棘费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts辅酶Q：脂溶性小分子醌类化合物，有3种形式，即：氧化型醌Q，还原型氢醌QH2和自由基半醌QH。辐主灰染媚瘩秀凿定瀑疯睡色朔腺掸荆嗓谗湖奉撼酥秽矮排袖杖喉槐信捧费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts费晓方细胞生物学07chapter5iienergygenerationinmitochondriaandchloroplasts
