专四英语语法考点串讲及真题再现

语法回顾篇:专四语法考点虚拟语气、 情态动词、 非谓语动词、 复合句、 倒装、 小语法（ 省略，时态，反义疑问句，代词，强调句，主谓一致，冠词，形容词及副词） 、as的特殊用法专四英语语法考点串讲之一 虚拟语气一般说来，有下列几种考点需要考生注意（ 十考点及两备考点）考 点 1 . 与现在事实相反从句谓语动词用did（ be用 were） ,主句谓语动词 would（ should,could,might） +do；考 点 2 . 与过去事实相反从句谓语动词用had done,主句谓语动词用 would（ should,could,might） + have done；例如：43.1 the party much more if there hadn't been quite such a crowd of people there.A. would enjoy B. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyed D. will be enjoying49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there quite such a crowd ofpeople there.A. weren't B. hasn't been C. hadn't been D. wouldn't考 点 3. 与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用：did（ should+do 或 were + to do） ,主句谓语动词用：would（ should,could,might） +doo例如：43. If your car_ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer.（ 08 年）• A. shall need C. would need• B. should need D. will need考点4 . 时态的交叉现象，也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段例如：If you had gone to see the doctor, you would be all right now.你要是早去看病， 你现在就没事了。

考 点 5. 虚拟条件句i f 可以省略，但从句的语序要用到装，即将were,had或 should移至主语的前面形成倒装，但否定词n o t不前移例如：65. , he would not have recovered so quickly. （ 05 年 ）, A. Hadn't he been taken good care of, B. Had he not been taken good care of, C. Had not he been taken good care of, D. Had he been not taken good care of考点 6. in sist （ 一个坚持） ；order command（ 两道命令） ；suggest, advise, propose （ 三条建议） ；ask, require, request, demand（ 四点要求） 及相应的名词的从句，谓语要使用：should+动词原形或动词原形例如：58. It was recommended that passengers___smoke during the flight.（ 04 年）A. not B. need not C. could not D. would not考点 7. It is +advisable, essential im portant,, imperative, incredible,等等相关的从句，谓语要使用：should+动词原形或动词原形例如：46.l t is imperative that students their term papers on time. （ 04 年 ）, A. hand in B. would hand in• C. have to hand in D. handed in考 点 8 .it is high （ about） time th a t的结构中，从句使用一般过去式例如：54 It's high time we _ cutting down the rainforests. （ 06 年 ）A stopped B had to stop C shall stop D stop考 点 9. much a s 尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句，从句中用would have done表示假设，可以是说话人的语气变得十分委婉，真诚。

例如：52. Much as, I couldn't lend him the money because I simply didn't have that muchspare cash. （ 99 年 ）A.I would have liked to B.I would like to haveC.I should have to like D.I should have liked to考 点 10. if only表示要是…就好了相当 与 wish, as if/as though的用法与现在事实相反：动词过去式与过去事实相反： had + done与将来事实相反： could/would + do例如：52. If only I _ play the guitar as well as you! （ 06 年 ）A would B could C should D might备 考 1. would rather或 would sooner后跟宾语从句，从句中使用一般过去式或过去完成式分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟，表示“ 宁愿某人作某事”例如：The manager would rather his daughter in the same office now.A.had not worked B.not to workC.does not work D.did not work备 考 2. 用于lest,for fear that引导的状语从句。

在 lest, for fear that等引导的状语从句中，通常用"（ should + ） 原形动词” 这一虚拟语气形式例如：The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he himself.A.injure B.had injured C.injured D.would injure专四语法考点串讲之二情态动词考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容：( 1 ) 情态动词+ 行为动词完成式（ 2）某些情态动词的特殊用法1. must have v-edmust have v-ed表示推测过去某事“ 一定” 发生了 其否定形式为：carft / couldn't have v-ed,表示过去不可能发生某事例 如 ：Since the ditch is full of water, it must have rained last night.2. could have v -e d表 示 推 测 过 去 某 动 作 “ 很可能”发生了3. may / might have v -e d表 示 推 测 过 去 某 事 “ 也许”发生了.m ay比m ight表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。

4. ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn, t have v-ed 用于对已发生的情况表示“ 责备” 、“ 不满” ，分别表示“ 本应该…” 和“ 本不应该. . . ” 表示应完成而未完成的动作用于完成时中的否定句，表示不应完成但已做的动作5. needn* t have v -e d表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要， 意 为 “ 本 没 必 要 …例 如 ： You needn't have waken me up; I don't have to go to work today.注意：did not need to d o动作并没发生"［列：I didn't need to get up early,so I got up until 9 a.m.* 特 殊 用 法⑴ can1表示“ 不可能" ，may n o t表示“ 不可以" ，mustn,t（ must not）表示“ 不 许 可 禁 止 ” ，needn^ （ need not）表示“ 不必” ，dare not +动词原形 表示“ 不敢”⑵ must表推测 的否定现在式用can't， 过 去 式 用couldn't（ 3） May I / we ...?这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, please.或Certainly；否 定 回 答 为Pleasedon't. 或 No, you m ustn't.例 如 ：“May we leave now?” “No, you mustn't. You haven't finished your home work yet.^^（ 4） need I / we ...?这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, we m u st;否 定 回 答 为needn't（ 5）在 回 答must引起的问题时，如果是否定的答复，不 能 用m u s tn t而 要 用needrft或don'thave to（ 6） May/might as well may.......bul....（ 表转折）（ 7） I wish to go home with you, may I?（ 8） Do help yourself to have fruit, won't you/ will y o u ? （表示一种委婉的请求）*情态动词短语的使用would like to do...would rather do...would rather + 从句would prefer to do...had better do...*情 态 动 词 :will （ 愿 意 ）, shall （ 将 ）,must （ 必 须 ），can, may, would, should（ 应该） ,might,could, ought to, used to （ 过去常常）,need （ 需 要 ）, dare （ 竟 敢 ） ,have to （ 不 得 不 ）* dare, need也 可 作 一 般 （ 行 为 ）动词*情态动词一般用法的否定：mustn't 不准， 禁止，不要 can"(coiikln") 不会；不能;may (might) not 不可以；needn't 没 必 要 ( = don't have to )used not / usedn'l lo 或 didn't use to... 过去不. . .dare not 不敢*情态动词推测用法Must 一定，肯定Can/ could 可能may/ might ” 可能, 也许”can't (couldn't)不可能Can't (couldn't)不可能May (might) n o t也许不，可能不* 推断用法should / ought to “ 按理应当，应该是； shouldn't 不 应 该 （ = ought not to ）*情态动词+ have + done结构表示对过去动作的推测1. must have done：对过去的肯定推测，译 作 “ 一定做了…” ，只能用于肯定句中。

其否定形式为 can' t / couldn' t have doneIt must have rained last night, for the road was quite muddy2. can/could have done：对过去的可能性推测，译 作 “ 可能做了…北只能用疑问句中Can / Could he have said it? 他可能说过那种话吗？3. may / might have v-ed：对过去的可能性推测，译 作 “ 也许能，有可能It' s too late. I think he may have gone to bed.*情态动词+ have + 过去分词结构表示轻微的责备和后悔肯定：过去应该做而没有做；否定：过去不该（ 不必）做而做了⑴ might / could+have+过去分词：, 本来可以，早就应该”（ 只用于肯定句，且不能用may, can）You could have told me you were going to be late!.你应当早告诉我你会晚到的！⑵ should （ ought to） +have+过去分词：“ 本应”（ 没做）should not （ ought not to） +have+过去分词：“ 本不该”（ 做了）You should not have handed in your composition yesterday morning.你本不应把作文交了。

You should have been here earlier.你应该早点来才对3.neednt+have+过去分词：“ 本不必，本 不 须 " （ need只用于否定句）（ 做了）You needn't have woken her up. It's only s ix .你其实不必叫醒她现在才六点注意：did not need to d o 动作并没发生（ 没做）彳 列 ：I didn't need to get up early, so I got up until 9 a.m.*八大注意点1 . 在以could, m ight表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can, may— Might I watch TV after supper? — Yes, you.A. may B. must C. might D. can2 . May I / we ...? 这•类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, please.或 Certainly；否定回答为Pleasedon't.或 No, you m ustn't.例如：“May we leave now?” "No, you mustn't. You haven't finished your home work yet.”3 . need I / we ...? 这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, we m u s t;否定回答为needn't4 . 在回答must引起的问题时， 肯定m ust;如果是否定的答复, 不能用mustn,t,而要用needn't或 don't have to5 .1 wish to go home with you, may I?6. Do help yourself to have fruit, won't you/ will y o u ? （ 表示一种委婉的请求）7. Shall用于第三人称，表示许可，允许8. let's do this job, shall we? Let us do this job, will you?9. should也表示惊讶的语气，例如：I was shocked that she should have said such a thing to you.（ 她竟然对你说那样的话， …）*四大特殊结构1 .may/ might as well + 动词原形" 意为" 最好, 满可以, 倒不如” , 相 当 于 had betterYou may as well do it at once.2 .may well + 动词原形” 是一种常见的结构，意为“（ 完全）能，很可能”He may well be proud of his son.他大可为儿子高兴。

3 . cannot... too / enough表 示 “ 无论怎么. . 也不算过分” 、“ 越. . .越好”You cannot be too careful.4 . had better 最好You had better not wake me up when you come in.*两大类区别：一、表示能力： can, be able tobe able t o 能用于各种时态can / could只能表示现在或过去的能力*was / were able to : “ 设法做成某事“相当于 managed to do sth succeeded in doing sth.二、used to 和 would 的区别used to 过去常常（ 但现在已无此习惯，would无此含义）He used to drink beer, now he drinks wine.他过去喝啤酒，现在喝白酒would只能用来谈动作； used to用来谈动作或状态（ 可与be, live, like, stay等状态动词连用） ：He would get up early when he lived in the country.他住在乡下时总是早起。

We used to live in a small tow n.（ 不能用 would）Be used to doing sth:习惯于做某事专四语法考点串讲之三非谓语动词♦ 非谓语动词是历年专四测试的重中之重，每年试题一般一到两道（ 1-2分 ） ♦命题特点1 .非谓语动词的时态与语态；2 .非谓语动词的否定式；3 .动词不定式的各种形式及应用；4 . -in g 结构的各种形式及应用；5 . -e d 结构在句中的不同用法；6 . 非谓语动词作状语、宾语等的辨析；7 . 非谓语动词的固定结构或习惯用法等 非谓语动词基础知识】一个句子当中，已经存在谓语动词， 又没有连词的情况下， 需要非谓语动词来修饰句子的其他成分动词不定式；现在分词；过去分词；动名词I . 不定式的时态及语态一般式进行式完成式用途：to doto be doingto have doneto be done 与谓语动作同时或表示谓语的动作发生时， 不定式的动作正在进行to have been done先于谓语动作的发生表 将 来 表 某 一 次 具 体 的 动 作 表 目 的I have a lot work to do; I do not like to dance; To learn Engl ish well, I practicemore.2 . 动名词一般式完成式用途：doingHaving done抽象、习惯性（being done与谓语动作同时发生having been done 在谓语动作之前his hobby is painting; I am proud of being a Chinese）3.分词的时态和语态现 在 分 词 一 般 式完成式过去分词 done用途： 现在分词： 主动、过去分词：被动、doinghaving donebeing donehaving been done进行、令人完成、 感到的. •的The swimming boy is T om .（ 主动、进行）the room facing south （ 主动）The film is disappointing. Tom is disappointed （ 令人. . . 的） / （ 感到）Look at the broken g la ss.（ 被动、完成）注意* 所有非谓语动词的否定形式都是把否定副词n o t放在非谓语动词的. 前面.*如果表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生，有时需栗用动词的完成时态。

•考点一不定式做结果状语的固定搭配too +adj/adv to do, so +adj/adv as to do ,such +n as to do adj/ adv enough to doonly to d o 常表示意想不到或不愉快的结果• 考点二" 使……怎么样”之类的动词amuse, astonish, excite, frighten, interest, move, relax, satisfy, shock, surprise, encourage,disappoint, puzzle, tire, please, inspire, terrify, w orry,它们的 ing 形式表示主动，而过去分词表示被动一般情况下“ 人”用过去分词，“ 物”用 ing形式考点三 除 . 之外的介词but except,前面有行为动词do时，不定式不带to ,否则带to.*考点四 why not do sth ( 为何不做某事)•固定搭配cannot / hardly / never / scarcely too ...to...“ 越……越好；无论……也/ 都不过分？You cannot be too careful to cross the street.你过街时越小心越好。

can't (help/choose) but 不得不， 只能， 不禁I cannot help but tel 1 her the tr u th .我只能告诉她真相解题思路：看似纷繁复杂的各种非谓语动词考题实际上是有解题规律可寻的，非谓语动词解题四步曲：一、首先抓住主谓结构，确定主句 没有连接词 只有一个主语二、分析主动被动分析语态就是在确定主语之后，分析非谓语动词和主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系三、分析动作先后 要考虑动作发生的时间先后，即时态独立主格独立主格：句中没有连接词，逗号分开两个句子，存在两个主语形式: 名词/ 代词+分词在用分词短语作状语时，它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致，但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为：独立主格的分类：(1) -ING分词( 还有-ED分词) 短语作状语时，有自己独立的逻辑上的“ 主语” . 相当于各种形式的状语，表示一种伴随的动作或情况， 或表原因There being nothing more for discussion, the meeting was over half an hour earlier.( 2 ) .介 词 (with )+名词+ 形容词，副词+ 现在分词或过去分词，表示陪村行动做或补充说明例如：H e l a y on his b a c k , with h i s arm behind his head（ 3）独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况，表示时间、原因、条件等，例如：H e rushed int o t h e r o o m , his face covered with sweat.（ 伴随情况）The shower being o v e r , we continued t o march.（ 时间）So many students being abs en t, we decided t o p u t t h e meeting off.（ 原因）Weather permitting, w e ' l l have an outing tomorrow.（ 条件）A l 1 things considered, her paper i s of greater value than y o u r s .The job d o n e , we went h o m e .The composition written, h e handed i t t o t h e t e a c h e r .专四语法考点串讲之三一不定式、动名词作宾语（ 非谓语补充）* 常跟不定式做宾语的词三个w、h、c ,二a领着四d、p ,一 r、m,二 1、b ,外加三个o , u , e。

3 w : want （ 想要） ,wish（ 希望） ，wait （ 等待）3 h : hope（ 希望） ，help（ 帮忙） ，hesitate（犹豫）3 c : care （ 愿意） ，choose （ 选择） ，claim（声称）2 a : agree（ 同意） ，afford（ 担负得起） ,4 d : dare （ 敢于） ，demand （ 要求） ，determine （ 决定） ，decide （ 决定）4 p : plan（ 计划） ，pretend（ 假装） ，promise（ 允诺） ，prepare（ 准备）l r : refuse （ 拒绝）I m : manage （ 设法）2 1 : learn（ 学会） ，long（ 渴望）2 b : beg （ 乞求） ，bear （ 忍受）l o : offer（ 提出）l u : undertake （ 答应；同意）l e : expect （ 希望）*接不带to的不定式的特殊动词一感：f e e l二听：listen t o ; hear三让：m a k e , h a v e , l e t四看：wat c h , s e e , loo k a t , observe被动句里to还原。

* 接不定式作宾语，动名词作宾语均可，且意思基本不变的词双方一旦开始（ b e g i n , s t a r t ） , 无论喜欢（ l o v e , 1 i k e , p r e f e r ） 与否（ ha t e , d i s l i k e ） ,都得继续（ c o n t i n u e ） 下去都不能企图（ a t t e m p t ）忽 视 （ n e g l e c t ）开始的爱（ l o v e ） 习惯也好，害怕也好，难以容忍（c a n 't b e a r / s t a n d / e n d u r e ） 也好 可以动名词作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语，意思却不同的词四“ 记” 力争不后悔①四“ 记”（ 记住） r e m e m b e r , （ 忘记） f o r g e t , （ 计划/ 打算） m e a n , （ 继续） g o o n ,②力争：t r y③不后悔：s t o p r e g r e t①r e m e m b e r t o d o s t h. 记得要做某事r e m e m b e r d o i n g s t h. 记得曾做过某事②f o r g e t t o d o s t h 忘了要做某事f o r g e t d o i n g s t h. 忘了做过某事；③m e a n t o d o s t h 打算做某事m e a n d o i n g@ g o o n t o d og o o n d o i n g⑤t r y t o d o s t hs t h. 意味着，就是继续做另一件事继续做同一件事试图做某事，t r y d o i n g s t h. 尝试做某事⑥s t o p t o d o s t h停下来做某事s t o p d o i n g s t h. 停止做某事。

© r e g r e t t o d o s t h对要发生的事表示“ 遗憾” ,r e g r e t d o i n g s t h. 对发生过的事表示“ 后悔” 常接动名词做宾语的词MP \ 2 r \ c a f 6 \ d i s k （ m i l i t a r y p o l i c e m a n ）宪兵带着2 把手枪在咖啡馆里看光盘M 指 m i n d （ 介意） ，m i s s （ 逃过） ，m e n t i o n （ 提及）P 指 p r e v e n t , p o s t p o n e , p r a c t i c e2 1 •指 r i s k （ 冒险） ,r e s i s t （ 抵制）c 指 c o n s i d e r （ 考虑）a 指 a d m i t （ 承认） ，f 指 f a n c y （ 幻想） ,e 指 e n j o y （ 享受） ,d 指 d e l a y （ 延迟） ，i 指 i m a g i n e （ 想象）s 指 s u g g e s t （ 建议）k 指 k e e p （ 保持）a v o i d （ 避免） ，a p p r e c i a t e （ 感激） ,f i n i s h（ 完成） ，f e e l l i k e （ 喜欢）e s c a p e （ 逃脱） ,e n s u r e （ 确保）d e n y （ 否认） ，d e t e s t （ 痛恨）* 介词后的i n gha v e d i f f i c u l t y （ i n ） d o i n g s t h 做某事有困难be busy （ in） doing sth 忙于做某事succeed in doing sth ...成功做某事give up doing s th放弃做某事prevent/stop/keep sb /sth from doing 阻止. . . 做. . .spend/waste time /money in doing在做…方面花钱、浪费时间或金钱how /what about doing sth 做…怎么样了？Have some difficulty/trouble in doing 在…方面有些困难There is no sense in doing （ 做…是没有理由的Thank / admire /praise/blame /scold/ punish sb for doing sth因做某事而感谢、羡慕、表扬、责备、惩罚某人* to是介词，不是不定式标志，接动名词做介词t o的宾语• apply oneself to 致力于, be accustomed to 习，惯于• confess to 供认• come to 谈到, devote oneself to 献身于• get down to 着手做, give way t o对…让步• lead to 导致• look forward to 期待next t o几乎12. object to 反对13. pay attention to 注意14. stick to 坚持15. stand up t o勇敢面对16. turn t o求助于17. be used to 习 t贯于*用于“be+过去分词+to”结构中的过去分词 常见的有：accustomed/used （习惯'）addicted （ 沉溺于）astonished （ 惊讶）devoted （致力于）determined （ 决定）engaged （ 订婚）exposed （遭受）known （已知）married （结婚）opposed （反对）prepared （ 准备）related （ 相关）* 用于“be+过去分词+with”结构中的过去分词 常见的有：armed （ 配备）connected （ 相关）covered （ 覆盖）crowded （ 挤满）faced （ 面对）fed up （ 厌烦）filled （ 充满）pleased （ 高兴）satisfied （ 满意）tired （ 劳累）*用于“be+过去分词+in”结构中的过去分词 常见的有：absorbed （ 全神贯注）engaged （ 从事）involved （ 参与）lost （ 陷入）seated （ 坐在）situated/located （ 位于*用于“be+过去分词+of” 结构中的过去分词 常见的有:convinced （ 相信）informed （ 了解）tired （ 厌烦）* 几组易错的现在分词、过去分词lie vi. lay lain lying 躺lie v. 1 ied 1 ied lying 撇谎lay vi. laid laid laying 放；下蛋found vt. founded founded 成立find vt. found found 发现Wind wound wound 盘旋蜿蜒Wound wounded wounded 受伤rise vi rose risen 上升raise vt. raised raised 上升fa ll vi. fell fallen 落下fe ll vt. Fei led felled 砍feel vt. felt felt 摸；感觉hang vi hung hung 悬挂hang vt. hanged hanged 绞死light vt. lit （ 一般作谓语）light 1 ighted （ 作定语） 燃着的burn vt. / vi burnt 烧焦的，burning正在燃烧的专四语法考点串讲之四 复合句一、 宣话■丛里五大概念：概念一、什么是定语从句？在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

在定语从句中，被修饰的这一名词或代词叫做先行词在定语从句中的引导词叫做关系词关系词又分关系代词和关系副词概念二、关系词有哪些？1、关系代词：which （ in sth作主语或宾语） ，that （ 指sb或s th作主语或宾语） ，who （ 指sb作主语或宾语） ，whom （ 指sb作宾语） ,whose （ 指sb或s th ,作定语）,as （ 指sb, sth.作主语或宾语）；注意：做宾语的时候， 关系代词可以省略2、关系副词：when （ 指时间 on which） , where （ 指地点 at which） , why （ 指原因 for which）概念三、关系词通常有下列三个作用？1. 引导定语从句； 2. 代替先行词； 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分Eg. The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.概念四、关系代词和关系副词有何区别及方法？主要是它们在从句中所起的作用不同 关系代词在从句中一般作主语或宾语 而关系副词在定语从句中作状语Focus in：❖方法一：句子成份法：关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语；关系副词在从句中作状语。

❖方法二：句子完整法：关系代词引导的定语从句不完整: 关系副词引导的定语从句是完整的I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.I will never forget the days that / which we spent together.概念五、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别A .限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“ ，” 与主句隔开意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整B.非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思译法上译成先行词的定语« . . . 的” 通常译成主句的并列句. 在非限制性定语从句中， 通常用who, whom, whose 指人，用 which 指物Eg. Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学.（ 意含：她还有其他哥哥 ）Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college.她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。

意含： 她只有一个哥哥 ）五大考点：考点一. 先行词为人时引导词who和thata .用who不 用th a t的情况：（ 1）当先行词为one, ones, anyone, those 1 1寸 2）当先行词为人称代词时He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.Those who have any difficulty with pronunciation should practice more.b .用th a t不 用who的情况：1)当主句已经出现who时2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语时Who is the man that spoke to you just now?Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.考点二. 先行词为物时引导词th a t和 whicha .只 用 th a t不用 which 的情况：(1)先行词为 much, little, few, nothing, none, anything, no, all 等不定代词( 2 ) 先行词既有人又有物。

3 ) 先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰 4 ) 先行词被 the very, the only, the last, just, all, any, every, no 等修饰( 5 ) 关系代词在从句中作表语.(6 )在疑问词who、w hichw hat开头的句子中(7 )主句是there be句型：This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.China is no longer the country that it used to be.All that can be done has been done.He spoke of the things and persons that he had seen abroad.This is the vety book that I am looking for.Who is the man that is talking to Jim?There is a man that lives in that village.b .只能用which不 用 th a t的情况：1, 介 词 后 面 2. 逗号后面1 . 定语从句中的介词前置时关系代词只能用Which2 . 引导非限制性定语从句时只能用w h ic h ,其先行词可是一个词， 也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分.(1) The machine, which I have looked after for many year, is still working perfectly.(2)My glasses, without which I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.考点三：★★★ ★★介词+ 关 系 代 词 (which/ whom)♦* ♦*关系代词前介词的确定方法：1 . 定语从句的动词与先行词的逻辑关系，或者从句的动词、形容词的习惯性搭配。

Eg. The farm on which I once worked has taken on a new lookWho is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands?Ours is a beautiful country, of which we are greatly proud.2 . 非限制性定语从句中， 表示先行词的一部分时， 可用“ 数词/ 代 词 + o f + 关系代词” 的结构，e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing.3 . Whose从句可转换为“ of + 关系代词”型，whose的先行词指物时, 可用of which代替，但词序不同， 即 whose+n=Z/ze +〃 + of which =of which + the + n.e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.Of which the door open to the south.考点四： 关系副词的运用(1)先行词为“ 时间的名词“ 用 when： time (day, night, morning, week, month, year 等) + when …Eg. I don't remember the day when he left.(on which)⑵ 先行词为“ 表示地点的名词” ★★★★★ where： place (case, point, situation, condition,scene, stage, country, room, house, hotel, museum, school, street 等) + where...Eg. That is the house where he lived two years ago. （ In which）⑶ 先 行 词 为 “ 表示原因的名词” why： reason + why… （ 表示原因的名词只有一个）That's the reason why I helped him. （ why =for which）考点五：★★★★★ a s 与 which引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，a s 放在句首句中都可以，which必需放在句中，但卜. 列情况多用aso1 . 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。

e.g. As we all know, the earth is round.2 . 当与such , as或 the same连用时，一■般用ase.g. That's the same tool as I used last week.I am not so strong a man as I was.我已经没有从前那么强壮了3 . 当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用whichoEg.Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry.三大区别：l .the same... as 和 the same ...that 的用法辨异.That's the same tool as I used last w eek.（ 同类事物）That's the same tool that I used last week.那就是我上周用过的工具 指原物）2 .定语从句与强调句型的区别 判断是否是强调结构的方法是采用删除法分 析 ： 强 调 句 句 型 ：It is/was +被 强 调 的 成 份 +that/who +其 它 部 分 . 去 掉 Itis/was….that/who… ， 句子照样成立。

①It is on the morning of May 1 st I met Liang Wei at the airport.②Il is the factory Mr Wang works.3、定语从句与习惯句型的区别①It is the first time she has been in Shanghai.（ It is / was the first / second . time + that 从句）②It was the time Chinese people had a hard life.三大注意：1 . the way做先行词时，定语从句可由that, in w hich引导或不用引导词2 .定语从句中主谓一致问题：从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致He is one of the teachers who know English well.He is the only one of the teachers who knows English well.（ 特殊）3 . 疑问句的解题思路：先把疑问句还原成陈述句，然后判断谁是先行词，再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分，最后确定正确答案。

1. Is this factory we visited last week?2. Is this the factory we visited last Week?A^ where B、that C^ to which D、the one★★小试牛刀That is the factory where produces 100,000TV sets a year.That is the factory that his father once worked.Ell never forget the days when we spent on that lonely island.TH never forget the day when/on which I joined the Party.二 、 状 语 从 句一: 时间状语从句1 , 连词： when, while, as, till/until, before, after, since, once, as soon as ，every time, the moment,the minute, no sooner ..than hardly...when 等2 .五大考点：考 点 ⑴ when VS while VS as★当…. 的时候 ★当…的时候 ★ 当…. 的时候when while as ★一边. . . . 一边. …★趁着…时候★ 随着…考 点 ⑵ t il l / until " 直到…•为止”Eg. Mother waited for Tom till/ until it was far into the night.（持续性动词）Eg. Tom didn' t get back till / until everything was all right.（ 短暂性动词）考 点 ⑶ when的两个句型Sb is about to do sth when / Sb is doing sth when考 点 ⑷ since “自从"句型：it is/ has been + 一段时间 + since + 从句Eg. it is three days since I left Beijing.It has been 10 years since I smoked.考点 ⑸ No sooner than/ hardly .. when/ scarcely.. when 一 . 就•. 用于句首要求倒装Eg. No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.★几种特殊句型结构的区别：（ 1） It is/was + 时 刻 + when从 句 “ 某事发生时是什么时候。

”（ 2） It is/has been + 时 间 段 + sin ce从句" 自从. . . 以来有多长时间了（ 3） It will/would be + 时 间 段 + b e fo re 从 句 ” 还要过多长时间. . . 才. . . . ”（ 4） It will/would not be + 时 间 段 + b e fo re 从 句 “ 过不了多长时间. . . 就会. . . . ”（ 5） It was +时 间 段 + before从 句 ” 过了多长时间才. . . ”（ 6） It was not +时 间 段 + before从 句 “ 没过多长时间就. . . ”二、条件状语从句1,连接词：if, unless（如果. . 不，除非） , so/as long as （ 只要）, on condition that （ 条件是） ,as（ so） far as （据. . 所知） , provided that （ 要是，如果） ， in case（ 假使，如果） ，等2 . 两大考点：考 点 ⑴ Once 一 一 但 . . .就. . . .Eg. Once you see him, you will never forget him.考 点 ⑵ In case — 假使，如果The plane cannot take off in case it rains.三，原因状语从句1 , 连接词:Because, since, as（ 放句首） , for, now that（ 既然，由于）， when（ 既然） ， considering that （ 顾及到一 ）, seeing that （ 由 于 （ 都表示原因, 语气依次减弱）2 , 考试聚焦考点一、Because VS since VS forBecause:表示“ 因为“ ，表示直接的或明确的原因；Since:表示“ 既然” ， 表示已知或显然的原因；for : 不是从属连词，而是并列连词。

它不是用来说明原因，而是用来表示一种附带或补充解释、说明，不放在句首Eg: It was because his mother was badly ill that he was unhappy.Since everyone makes mistakes in life, you needn' t scold him for it.The day breaks, for the birds are singing.考点二、when既然Eg. How can you expect to learn anything when you never listen?四，让步状语：1 . 连接词： Ihough/although（ 虽然） ， as /though（ 虽然） , even if/lhough（ 即使） whatever（ 无论什么） ,wherever （ 无论哪里）， while （ 尽管） 等引导2 ,考试聚焦：考点一：though/although不 与 b u t连用， 但是他们都可以同yet （ still）连 用 . 所 以 though（ although） .. .yet（ still） 的格式是正确的考点二：while 尽管 eg. While I have sympathy for you, I can't help you.考点三：Whether — 不管，常与or n o t连用Eg. Whether he is good or not, the company decided to send him abroad.考点四：no matter + 疑问词相当于疑问词+ e v e r:不管…都…五、地点状语从句：where/ wherever （ w herever---- 无论哪里）考点聚焦：地点状语从句和where定语从句的区别：Tips:判断是定语从句还是地点状语从句，要看从句前是否有先行词，有先行词的是定语从句，否则是状语从句。

Eg. Where there is a will, there is a way. This is the factory where my father works.六、结果状语从句1 .连接词： so that （ =in order t o 因而 ） ， so…that.（ 太. . 以至于） ，such…that （ 太…以至于）2 . 考试聚焦：考点句型（ 1） so +形容词/ 副词+ th a t从句；（ 2） such a/an + 形容词+ 可数名词单数+ th at从句；（ 3） so +形容词+ a/an + 可数名词单数+ that从句；（ 4） such + 形容词+可数名词复数/ 不可数名词+ th at从句七、目的状语从句1 .连接词：so that （ 以便）， in order that （ 为了）， for fear that （ 为了 防止）， lest （ 以防）Eg. He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.八、比较状语从句（ 倍数+the depth/height/width/weight of ）1. 连接词： A......as...as... B.......adj. + -er than... C. the more***the more***Eg. This work is not as easy as you thinkThe more you work, the more you earn. He runs faster than i.The room is twice as big as that one. The room is twice bigge。

than that one.The room is twice the size of that one. The well is three times the depth of that one.★ W h ile 的 总 结 用 法 ：1 . 当…的时候；2. 而 ，去 |3； 3 .趁着：4 . 只要；5. 虽然，尽管专四语法考点串讲之五倒装句★倒装考点口诀倒 装 两 大 类 ，全 倒 部 分 倒 ；主 倒从不倒；全倒分两种：副词、地点介短在句首；部分倒装分六种：否定副词在句首，only加状在句首，so ... th a t结 构so提前，承前否定/ 肯定neither n o r/so ,状语从句as/though,省 去i f虚拟句一、全部倒装1 .在 以here、there、now. then、off、away等副词开头的句子里1) The birds flew away. -*Away flew the birds.(2) The rain came down. - Down came the rain.2 .表示地点的介词短语位于句首时1 )山脚下有一个美丽的湖At the foot of the hi 11 lies a beautiful lake.(2 )教室外面站着一个男孩。

Outside the classroom stood a boy.二 、部分倒装1 . Only+状语位于句首时(1) He only found it important to get along wi th others then.-Only then did he find it important to get along with others.W e can only make great progress in this way.一Only in this way can we make great progress.2 .否定副词及短语位于句首时常考的这类词或词语有：not, seldom, hardly, little , nowhere, by nomeans, in no time 等 I have never seen such a beautiful place.-Never have I seen such a beautiful place.3 .在 省 略i f的虚拟条件从句中 1 )如果我是你，我会努力学习Were I you, I would work hard.( 2 )如果明天下雨的话，我们就延迟会议。

Should it rain tomorrow, we would put off our meeting.( 3 )假如他听从了我的建议，他早就成功了Had he fol lowed my advice, he wou1d have succeeded.4、so\ neither\ n o r位于句首的情况1. So +助 动 词 + 主语 …也一样So +主 语 +助动词 …确实如此2. N either和N or用于否定句，表示“也不，也没有Neither\ Nor + 助动词+ 主语5、as/though引导的让步状语从句名词 ' 形容词' 副词 ' 动词+a s \ t hough+主语+ 其他6、 在“so + adj. /adv. + that…” 句式中，将“so + adj. /adv. ” 放在句首时的倒装So hard does he work that he has made great progress in English.★特殊倒装句型：not only ... but a ls o ...句式的倒装Not only is he interested in footbal1 but also he plays i t well.( 前倒后不倒)考点倒装四注意：1、a s / though从 句 的 表 语 是 名 词 ，倒 装 后 其 名 词 前 不 加 任 何 冠 词 ；A s h e i s a c h i I d --c h i I d a s h e i s2、i f 虚拟句 Were i t not.. . 或者 Ha d i t n o t been...,但不可以说 W e r e n 't i t . . . 或者 h a d n ' t i t been.,,（ n o t 不 提 前）3、承 前 肯 定so,只 能 指 定 一 件 事 情 , 两 件 事 情 用s o i t i s （ t h e same） with s b4、S o +助 动 词 + 主 语 ：也一样S o +主 语 + 助 动 词 ： 的确如此专四语法考点串讲之六小语法点一 、反 义 疑 问 句 的 考 点 聚 焦 ：1） 陈述部分的主语是I , 疑问部分要用arenz t L I am a student, aren't I2） 陈述部分的谓语是w ish ,疑问部分要用may + 主 语 I wish to have a word with you, may I?3） 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little 等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。

Some plants never blown （ 开花） , do定ey ?4）否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式It is impossible, isn't it?5） must在表示" 推测" 时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句He must be a doctor, isn't he?You must have studied English for three years, haven't you?He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he? It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?6） 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用w ill you.Don't do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / won't you ?7）复合句的反疑疑问句A .带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?B 上述部分主句谓语是I /we think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的宾语从句， 疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

I don't think he is bright, is he?二、主谓一致的考点聚焦1 ） “ 就远原则” “ 主语+ 介词短语等”作主语在“ A +（ with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, besides, like, including, rather than,more than, no less than） +B”结构中，谓语动词的单复数与之B 一致2 ） 就近原则 neither…nor…， （ either） …or…，not only…but also***, not…but…等并列结构作主语时采取就近原则：谓语动词的数由与其最接近的那个主语的数决定3 y6a / the number of + 复数名词” 作主语表示“ …的数量” 的“the number of + 复数名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数；表示“ 一 些 / 许多. . 的“a number of +复数名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用复数4 ） . more than one + __/ Many a + ——/ Every A and every B / No A and no B/ oneand a half + 谓语动词用单数。

注意：more 复数名词+than one 用复数，More members than one are against your plan.5 ）, 并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词而单数形式注意：整体看待： bread and butter bread and cheese a knife and fork a cart and horseneedle and thread law and order fish and chips meat and potatoes例如：Truth and honesty is the best policy.注意：adj. + and + adj. + 不可数名词/ 复数名词 + 谓语( 复数)Eg. Chinese (beer) and French beer are served here.6 ) , 表达时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度、价值， 算式的短语通常接动词的单数形式eg. Five minutes is enough to do this exercise.7 ) . 如果主语由“the + 形容词( 或过去分词) ”结构担任时，谓语通常用复数，8) . 由 w h at引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数；但所指的内容是复数意义时，谓语动1 可通常用复数• Eg. What we need are good textbooks.9) . people, police, cattle, m ilitia, 是复数名词，接动词复数形式。

Peoples指民族sheep , deer, fish , means, aircraft works 单复数同形； clothes + 复数动词10) A ll指人，用复数动词；a l l 指物，用单数动词11) .集合名词指整体时，用单数代词；指由不同的人组成的集合时，用复数代词audience couple family public class crowd governmentstaff ( 全体职员) committee group team crew( 船/ 飞机全体工作人员)company12) .书名、片名、格言、剧名、寺 、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式三、强调句的考点聚焦1 .强调句结构： It is/was+被强调部分+ th a t引导的从句2 .强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/whoWas it she who said it like that?是她那样说的吗？3 . 强调句型的特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问+is/was+it+ th at/w h o ,究竟是谁…, 到底在哪里……What was it that started the big fire in the building?到底是什么原因引起那栋大楼的大火？注 意 1 : 当强调not・ ・ ・ u n til结构时，须将not u n til连用，后面接肯定式。

It is/was not until+时间+that…，" 正是直到... 才...It was not until at that time that I realized what trouble he was in.直到那个时候我才意识到他有什么麻烦注意二：强调句和定语从句区分It was in the house that he was bom .( 强) It was the house where he was bom .( 定)区分方法：将句子中的" It was… that ( when/ where)…”结构去掉：如若还能成完整的句子，则为强调句；如若不能成完整的句子，则为定语从句四、连词与介词考点聚焦一、并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句如：and, but, or, nor, so,therefore等重点：常用的几组并列连词1、and组表示联合关系属于这一组的并列连词还有: both…and, not only…but also, aswell as, neither…nor 等如：Let' s go and play basketball.我们去打篮球吧。

2. b u t组表示转折和对照关系© 属于这一组的并列连词还有: however, s till, yet , while,neverthelesso 如：He hasn, t arrived. He may, however, come l a t e r .他还未到，不过, 他可能过会儿来3、o r 组表示选择关系属 于 这 一 组的并列连词还有:or else, otherwise, neither…nor,eith er…or 等如：We' 11 go early, otherwise we may not get a se at.得早, 点去，不然就没有座位了4、so 组 表示因果关系的连接词还有：so (that), for, therefore, thus, then等如：He has broken his leg and therefore he can' t walk.他摔伤了腿，因此不能走路考点聚焦二、at, as, to, by, on, in, of, with, like, along, for, over, up, through,across, except, but, besides, beside, near 等。

重点：常用的介词1、常见介词b y的用法介词b y含义较丰富，主要有：靠，凭借，在……旁边等含义可有by o n e s e lf单独，靠自己；by a n d b y不久以后，不一会儿，连续不断地，立刻；by a n dla r g e总的说来★ ★2、 常见介词wit h引导的复合结构wit h的复合结构， 也叫wit h引导的独立主格结构由wit h ( 也可省略) + 名词/ 代词+ 现在或过去分词/ 不定式/ 形容词/ 介词短语或副词构成它相当于一个状语从句，表示行为方式/ 伴随状况/ 时间/ 原因或条件 更口语话)wit h his ha n d s t ill r a is e d ; wit h a bo o k in his ha n d ( bo o k in ha n d ) ;Wit h him s it t in g n e x t t o he r , s he f e lt s a f e . ( he s it t in g n e x t t o he r , s he f e lt s a f e . )E g . H e s a t a t t he t a ble , his n o s e r e d , co lla r o f f , he a d d o wn , a n d p e n in p o s it io n o ( 独立主格)3、常见表示时间的o n的用法。

与时间搭配的介词须注意： 在具体某星期儿及具体某天的上午、下午和晚上等都用介词4、常见介词a s的用法a s作为介词，可表示“ 充当，作为，如同” 5、常见v e r的用法介词o v e r有 “ 在……之上，过之，多于”意思五、形容词、副词考点聚焦考点聚焦一、何时形容词后置：( 1 )修饰不定代词 s o m e t hin g , a n y t hin g , n o t hin g , e v e r y t hin g 等时，例：T he r e is s o m e t hin g d if f icu lt in t his bo o k.( 2 )形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语的时候例：T his is a s t u d e n t wo r t h o f p r a is e .( 3 )用a n d或o r连接两个形容词通常放在被修饰的名词之后，起强调修饰的作用例：T he y will t u r n t he ir m o t he r la n d in t o a co u n t r y , be a u t if u l a n d m o d e r n .( 4 )形容词同表示数量的词组连用时亦放在后面。

例：T he p ip e is t we lv e f e e t lo n g .考点聚焦二、ly结尾的形容词：名词+ ly结尾构成的词常作形容词f r ie n d ly , liv e ly , lo v e ly , lo n e ly , like ly , d e a d ly , s illy , o r d e r ly , t im e ly 等考点聚焦三、同根副词辨析：1 ) clo s e接 近 地clo s e ly仔细地，密 切 地( 2 ) f r e e免 费 地freel y自由地, 无拘束地3 ) h ard努力地 ha r d ly几乎 ( 4 ) l ate晚，迟 l a t e l y近来5 ) m o s t极，非常 m o s t ly主要地 ( 6 ) w i d e广阔地 wid e ly广泛地7) h i g h高h i g h l y高度地，非常地 8 ) l o u d大 声 的lo u d ly大声地( 含有喧闹意思)9) d e e p深，迟d e e p l y 抽象意义上的“ 深"( 1 0 ) n e a r邻近 n e a r l y 儿乎考点聚焦四、比较等级的常见句型：( 1 ) a s +原级+ a s ( a s +原级+a / a n +单数可数名词+ a s ) ,其否定形式为n o t a s / s o +原级+ a s(2)比较级+t h a n +比较 对 象( l e s s +原级+比较对象)(3)比较级+a n d +比较对象或m o r e a n d m o r e +原级( 4) t h e +比较级…,t h e +比较级…( 5 ) t h e +比较级+o f t h e t w o( 6 ) t h e +最 高 级 ( +单数可数名词)+o f / a m o n g +复数名词或i n +单数名词( 7 ) b e o n e o f / a m o n g + t h e +最高级+复数名词( 8 ) t h e l a s t +原 级 ( +单数可数名词)+o f / a m o n g +复数名词或i n +单数名词考点聚焦五、比较等级的修饰语：( 1 )修饰原级：f a i r l y , q ui t e , r a t h e r , s o , v e r y , t o o 等。

2 )修饰比较级：m uc h , e v e n , f a r , r a t h e r , s t i l l , a n y , n o( 而不用 v e r y , q ui t e , f a i r l y ,Gr e a t l y ) , a b i t , a l i t t l e , a h e a d , t w o m e t r e s , a g r e a t d e a l , a l o t , b y f a r 等考点聚焦六、某些以a-开首的形容词只能作表语,不能作定语如：afraid, alike, alone, asleep, awake, alive 等考点聚焦七、如果复数名词前有many、fe w ,不可数名词前有much、little等表示量的形容词时，该用so而不用such；注意：little不表示数量而表示“ 小”的意思时， 仍用such考点聚焦八、alm ost与 n early的用法区别: 在 very, pretty, not后用nearly,不用almosto在 any, no, none, never 前用 almost,不用 nearly oEg. Fm not nearly ready. I almost never see her.★ 形容词排序：好美小高状其新，彩色国料特别亲★ ★★特殊结构：1 . A is to B what / as X is Y ;A十 倍数或几分之几as + adj. / adv. + as +B.2 . inferior, superior, senior, junior, prior +to;六、代词的考点聚焦考点一、both, all, either, any, neither, none 的用法比较两者 both （ 两者都） either （ 任何一个） neither （ 两者都不）三者或三者以上 a ll （ 都）any （ 任何） none （都不）考点二、none （ of ） , no one （ nobody） , nothing 的用法比较考点三、every, each的用法比较Each：两者或两者以上/ Every：三者或三者以上考点四、another, other, the other, others, the othersanother用于泛指三者以上中的“ 另一个”o th er作前置定语,修饰单数或复数名词the o th er两者中的“ 另一个”,是特指o th ers泛 指 “ 其他人”或 “ 其他物” = other + 名复the o th ers指整体中除去一部分后， 剩余的全部考点五、it, one, ones, the one, the ones, that, thoseI t : 表同类同物表单数one :表同类但不同物， 表单数，可用形容词修饰，泛指o n e s:表同类但不同物， 表复数，可用形容词修饰，泛指the one :表同类但不同物， 表特指，表单数t h a t : 表同类但不同物，指代单数或不可数the ones / th o s e :表同类不同物，表特指，表复数专四语法考点串讲之七A s 的用法、 比较级的用法及隐含比较级一、as的用法：1 .原级比较一般结构 as … as ; not as … as ; the same as ;Eg: The work is not as difficult as you think.Last year, land values in most parts of the pinelands rose almost as fast as, those outside thepinelands.2 . a s 引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面.中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但 which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。

a s 可引导非限制性从句，常 带 有 ， 正如As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.As是关系代词 例 1 中的a s 作 know的宾语； 例 2 中， 它充当从句的主语， 谓语动词know要用被动式3 . 尽管，虽说（ 引起让步状语从句）Eg. Intelligent as she was, she had not much insight.尽管她很聪明，但她没眼力4. As much a s 达 到 （ 和 ） …（ 一样）的程度5. as （ so） far a s 就...而 论 ,据 ....（ 引导方式状语从句）6. So as t o 为的是以便7. Such as to 以致8. as （ so） long a s 只要（ =only i f 引导条件状语从句）9. as soon as 一…就 （ 引导时间状语从句）10. as well （ as）也，以及，还；和；不仅（ 连接并列成分或从句）二、比较级的用法归纳1. more th a n 其含义为： “ 不仅是， 非常， 十分”等， 用法和意义较多。

more ...th an 其含义可以是： ” 与其说. . . 不如说， 不是. . . . 而是”2. no more than not more thana. He has no more than five dollars on him.他身上仅有5 美元 （ 强调少）b. He has not more than five dollars on him.他身上带的钱不超过仅有5 美元 （ 强调数额少于5 美元）3. no more ... than not more ... thana. He is no more diligent than you.他不勤奋，你也不勤奋 （ 两人都不勤奋） （ 含有消极否定的意思）b. He is not more diligent than you.他没有像你那样勤奋 两人都勤奋，但你更勤奋）（ 含有积极、肯定的意思，表示程度上的差异）4. no less than = as much a s 意为：“ 竟有…之多，多达”强调多not less th a n 意 为 “ 不少于，至少” ，可观地描述no less ... th a n 前后均为肯定， 含有惊奇的感情色彩。

可译为： “ 是…是，正是，和 …一样， 多达，应有…之多”a. His son has read no less than 50 English books.他的儿子竟然读了 50本英文书 （ 强调多）b. His son has read not less than 50 English books.他的儿子读了不少于50本英文书 （ 不强调多或少）5. hardly more than 用来表示“ 仅仅” Eg. The little man was hardly more than one meter fifty high.这个小个子男人仅有 1. 5 米高.6 . 在 more ... th a n 结构中， th a n 有时可看作关系代词，相当于than what ...Eg. There ought to be less anxiety over the risk of getting cancer than exists in the public mindtoday. （ Than = than what...） 人们不应该像今天这样担心害怕患上癌症7. no other th a n 只有，正是。

它常用来加强语气，多用于书面语Eg. The murderer turned out to be no other person than the inspector himself.结果是，那个杀人犯不是别人，正是巡官自己8. no better than 和. . . 一样，实际上等于（ practically the same as）Eg.A man who cannot read and write is no better than the blind.不识字的人跟瞎子没有两样9 . m o s t 大多数的意思；m o s t o f 某个范围中的大多数1 0 . b e t t e r . . . t h a n 与其说. . . 倒不如说Eg. Certain programs work better for some than for others.某些项目对有些人来说效果不错对其他人来说则不然1 1 . m o r e l i k e l y . . . t h a n 比较结构Eg.There are few electronic applications more likely to raise fears regarding future很少有电子应用软件能够像机器人那样引起人们对未来就业机会的担忧。

1 2 . s o m u c h a s 用在否定句中：与其说，不如说Eg. The trumpet player was certainly loud. but I wasn't bothered by his loudness so much as hislack of talent.演奏者吹得声音很大，但是我不是被他的噪声打搅，而是因他缺乏天赋而生气1 3 . o t h e r t h a n 意思是：不同于，除. . 之外；r a t h e r t h a n 意思是：而不是三、隐含比较级i n f e r i o r , s u p e r i o r , s e n i o r , j u n i o r , p r i o r + t o1 ) p r i o r t o 较早的，较重要的The task is prior to all others.这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要2 ) s u p e r i o r t o 优越，高于In math he felt superior to John.他觉得自己数学比约翰强3 ) i n feri o r t o 下等的，次的4 ) s en i o r t o 年长的，地位高的；j u n i o r年幼的，地位低的，迟的He is two years senior to m e,他比我大两岁。

5 ) p referabl e t o 更好的Health without riches is preferable to riches without health.贫穷但健康要比富有却多病更可取6 ) p refer. . . t o 更倾向于…prefer doing sth to doing sthprefer to do rather than do真题再现篇专四语法真题再现之一虚拟语气 历年考题5 8 . I t w as reco m m en ded t h at p as s en gers __ s m o k e du ri n g t h e fl i gh t . (9 4 )A . n o t B . n eed n o t C . co u l d n o t D . w o u l d n o t6 2 . y o u w ere bu s y , I w o u l dn ' t h av e bo t h ered y o u w i t h m y qu es t i o n s . (9 4 )A . I f I real i z ed B . H ad I real i z ed B . I real i z ed t h at D . A s I real i z ed6 5 . , h e w o u l d n o t h av e reco v ered s o qu i ck l y . 9 5A . H adn，t h e been t ak en go o d care o fB . H ad h e n o t been t ak en go o d care o fC . H ad n o t h e been t ak en go o d care o fD . H ad h e been n o t t ak en go o d care o f4 3 . I t h e p art y m u ch m o re i f t h ere h adn, t been qu i t e s u ch a cro w d o f p eo p l et h ere. 9 6A. would enjoy B. will have enjoyedC. would have enjoyed d. will be enjoying43. He left orders that nothing touched until the police arrived here. 97A. should be B. ought to be C. must be D. would be51. I was to have made a speech if . 97A. I was not called away B. nobody would have called me awayC. I had not been called away D. nobody called me away43. If your car ____ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to anauthorized dealer. 98A. shall need C. would need B. should need D. will need49. If you have really been studying English for so ling, it' s about time youable to write letters in English. 99A. should beB. wereC. must be D. are52. Much as ______ , I couldn, t lend him the money because I simply didn, t havethat much spare cash. 99A. 1 would have liked to B. 1 would like to haveC. I should have to likeD. I should have liked to49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there quitesuch a crowd of people there.00A. weren' t B. hasn' t been C. hadn' t been D.wouldn' t50. for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. 02A. Had it not been B. Hadn, t it beenC. Was it not D. Were it not51. “ What courses are you going to do next semester?" 02“ I don, t know. But it' s about time on something.A. I'd decide B. I decided C. I decide D. If m deciding42. , I' 11 marry him all the same. 04A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poorC. Were he rich or poor D. Be he rich or poor44. if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?04A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised46. It is imperative that students their term papers on time. 04A. hand in B. would hand inC. have to hand in D. handed in51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he able to adviseyou much better than I can.A. would be B. will have been C. was D. were60. That was not the first time he us. I think it' s high time westrong actions against him. 05A. betrayed…take B. had betrayed…tookC. has betrayed***took D. has betrayed…take63.you further problems with your printer, contact your dealer foradvice. 05A. If, had B. Have, had C. Should, have D. Incase, had专四语法真题再现之二 情态动词 历年考题历 年 考 题 ：59. “ She must be in the dormitory now. ” “ No, she____ be there. I saw her in theclassroom a minute ago. ” (94)A. mustn, t B. can' t C. couldn, t D. wouldn* t64. He ____ the 8:20 bus because he didn' t leave home till 8:25. (94)A. couldn, t have caught B. ought to have caughtA. shouldn, t have caught D. must not have caught55. The meeting's been cancelled. Ann ___ all that work. 95A. need to do B. need have C. needn* t have done D. needed not to do62. We could ____him with a detached house when he came, but he had specificallyasked for a small flat. 95A. provide B. have provided C. not provide D. not have provided49. As it turned out to be a small house party, we so formally. 96A. need not have dressed up B. must not have dressed upC. did not need to dress up D. must not dress up52. You ___ Mark anything. It was none of his business. 98A. needn, t have told B. needn, t tell C. mustn, t have told D. mustn' t tell48. He _______ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.99A. may have acted B. must have acted C. should act D. would act48. You Jim anything about it. It was none of his business. 00A. needn, t have told B. needn, t C. mustn' t have told D. mustn' t tell57. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I the journeyin exactly two days. 05A. must take B. must have madeC. was able to make D. could make56 Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone_ an opportunity to hearthe speech. 06A ought to have B must have C may have D should have57 I am surprised_ this city is a dull place to live in. 06A that you should think B by what you are thinkingC that you would think D with what you were thinking专四语法真题再现之三非谓语 历年考题历年考题：49. The Clarks haven' t decided yet which hotel ___ . 98A. to stay B. is to stay C. to stay at D. is for staying42. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboringcountry, ___ by the police each time. 99A. had been captured B. being always capturedC. only to be captured D. unfortunately captured43. Professor Johnson is said ___ some signi41. After___seemed an endless wait,it was her turn to enter the personnel managerJ s office. 99A. that B. there C. what D. it51. is not a serious disadvantage in life. 01A. To be not tall B. Not to be tall C. Being not tall D. Not being tall46. AIDS is said the number-one killer of both men and women over the past fewyears in that region. 02A. being B. to be C. to have been d. having been57. The countryy s chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars__ the mostimportant of these. (94)B. have been B. are C. being D. are being51.no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom. 96A. There was B. Since C. Being D. There being45. There nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an endhalf an hour earlier. 00A. to be B. to have been C. being D. won, t45. If not __ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-temperedand grumbles al 1 the time. 04A. being treated B. treatedC. be treated D. having been treated48. The Minister of Finance is believed __ of imposing new taxes to raise extrarevenue. 04A. that he is thinking B. to be thinkingC. that he is to think D. to think63 There are only ten apples left in the baskets, — the spoilt ones. 06A not counting B not to count C don, t count D having not counted55. regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work atfirst. (94)A. Not received B. Since receiving C. Having received D. Not having received45. He wasn' t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ____insufficientlypopular with al1 members. 96A. having considered B. was consideredC. was being considered d. being considered51. at in this way, the present economic situation doesn, t seemso gloomy. 00A. Looking B. Looked C. Having looked D. To look52. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment,he saw a rope ladder ____out and three men climbing down it. (95)A. throwing B. being thrown C. having thrown D. having been thrown63. This missile is designed so that once nothing can be done to retrieve it. 95A. fired B. being fired C. they fired D. having fired45. ___, he can now only watch it on TV at home. 98A . O bt ai n i n g n o t a t i ck et fo r t h e m at chB . N o t o bt ai n i n g a t i ck et fo r t h e m at chC . N o t h av i n g o bt ai n ed a t i ck et fo r t h e m at chD . N o t o bt ai n ed a t i ck et fo r t h e m at ch5 2 . A rri v i n g at t h e bu s s t o p , ___ w ai t i n g t h ere. （ 9 4 ）A . a l o t o f p eo p l e w ere B . h e fo u n d a l o t o f p eo p l eC . a l o t o f p eo p l e D . p eo p l e w ere fo u n d专四语法真题再现之四 复合句 历年考题历年考题5 8 . I w as v ery m u ch m i s t ak en , __ t h ere w as s o m et h i n g w ro n g w i t h L o u i s e. 9 5 （ 条件）A . Un l es s4 1 . Yo u w o n 'B . A sC . Th o u ghD . Si n ceA . l es tt get a l o anB . i n cas eC .4 2 . Th i s i s an i l l n es s t h at canu n t reat ed. 0 0 （ 条件）A . aft erB.i f4 6 ., h e i s ready t o accep tA . I n s t ead o f h i s co n t ri bu t i o n sy o u can o ffer s o m e s ecu ri t y . 9 6 （ 条件）u n l es sD . o t h er t h anres u l t i n t o t al bl i n dn es sC . s i n ces u gges t i o n s fro mB . F o r al ldi fferen tl eftD . u n l es ss o u rces . 9 7 （ 让步）h i s n o t abl e co n t ri bu t i o n sC . H i s m ak i n g n o t abl e co n t ri bu t i o n s4 8 . ___h e n eeded m o n ey fo r a n ew car,（ 让步）D . H o w ev er h i s n o t abl e co n t ri bu t i o n sh e deci ded n o t t o bo rro w i t fro m t h e ban k . 9 8A . M u ch as B . M u ch t h o u gh C . A s m u ch D . Th o u gh m u ch5 1 . , h e al w ay s t ri es h i s bes t t o co m p l et e i t o n t i m e. 9 9 （ 让步）A . H o w ev er t h e t as k i s h ard B . H o w ev er h ard t h e t as k i sC . Th o u gh h ard t h e t as k i sD . Th o u gh h ard i s t h e t as k4 6 . I s y m p at h i z e, I can n o t real l y do v ery m u ch t o h el p t h em o u to f t h e di ffi cu l t i es . 0 1 （ 让步）A. As long as B. As C. While D. Even4 8 . F o o l J an e i s , s h e co u l d n o t h av e do n e s u ch a t h i n g. 0 2 （ 让步）A . w h o B . as C . t h at D . l i k e4 8 . C o m e an d s ee m e w h en ev er ・ 9 7 （ 时间）A . y o u are co n v en i en t B . y o u w i l l be co n v en i en tC . i t i s co n v en i en t t o y o u D . i t w i l l be co n v en i en t t o y o u4 6 . I s y m p at h i z e, 1 can n o t real l y do v ery m u ch t o h el p t h em o u to f t h e di ffi cu l t i es . 0 1 （ 让步）A . A s l o n g as B . A s C . Wh i l e D . E v en4 1 . Sh e di d h er w o rk _____h er m an ager h ad i n s t ru ct ed. 0 2 （ 方式）A . as B . u n t i l C . w h en D . t h o u gh5 2 . , M r. Wel l s i s s carcel y i n s y m p at h y w i t h t h e w o rk i n g cl as s . 0 5 （ 让步）A . A l t h o u gh h e i s a s o ci al i s t B . E v en i f h e i s a s o ci al i s tC . B ei n g a s o ci al i s t D . Si n ce h e i s a s o ci al i s t5 4 . We can as s i gn t h e t as k t o ___ i s cap abl e an d t ru s t w o rt h y . （ 9 4 ）A . w h o m ev er B . w h o C . w h o m D . w h o ev er4 7 . Th e t eam can h an dl e w h at ev er . 9 7A . t h at n eeds h an dl i n g B . w h i ch n eeds h an dl i n gC . i t n eeds h an dl i n g D . n eeds t o be h an dl ed41. After___seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager's office.99A. that B. thereC. what D. it4 3 . Th e go v ern m en t h as p ro m i s ed t o do ____ l i es i n i t s p o w er t o eas e t h e h ards h i p so f t h e v i ct i m s i n t h e fl o o d- s t ri ck en area. 0 4A . h o w ev er B . w h i ch ev er C . w h at ev er D . w h erev er6 1 . O n l y t ak e s u ch cl o t h es ____ real l y n eces s ary . (9 4 )A . as w ere B . as t h ey are C . as t h ey w ere D . as are4 5 . Th e p h y s i ci s t h as m ade a di s co v ery , __ o f great i m p o rt an ce t o t h e p ro gres s o fs ci en ce an d t ech n o l o gy . 9 7A . I t h i n k w h i ch i sB . t h at I t h i n k i sC . w h i ch I t h i n k i sD . w h i ch I t h i n k i t i s5 0 . I h av e n ev er been t o L o n do n ,A . w h ere I l i k e t o v i s i t m o s tbu t t h at i s t h e city . 9 7B . V d m o s t l i k e t o v i s i tC . w h i ch I l i k e t o v i s i t m o s t l yD . w h ere I ' d l i k e m o s t t o v i s i t4 2 . Sh e rem em bered s ev eral o ccas i o n s i n t h e p as t ____s h e h ad exp eri en ced a s i m i l arfeel i n g. 9 8A . w h i ch B . befo re C . t h at D . w h en4 7 . I ' v e n ev er been t o L h as a, bu t t h at ' s t h e ci t y _____ . 9 9 AA . I 'd m o s t l i k e t o v i s i t B . w h i ch I l i k e t o v i s i t m o s t l yC. where I like to visit D. Td like much to visit5 0 . F i rm s t h at u s e co m p u t ers h av e fo u n d t h at t h e n u m ber o f s t affi s n eeded fo r qu al i t y co n t ro l can be s u bs t an t i al l y redu ced. 0 0 DA . w h o s e B . as C . w h at D . t h at4 5 . We, v e j u s t i n s t al l ed t w o ai r- co n di t i o n ers i n o u r ap art m en t , _____s h o u l d m ak egreat di fferen ces i n o u r l i fe n ext s u m m er. 0 2 AA . w h i ch B . w h at C . t h at D . t h ey4 4 . Th i s co m p an y h as n o w i n t ro du ced a p o l i cy p ay ri s es are rel at ed t op erfo rm an ce at w o rk . 9 6A . w h i ch B . w h ere C . w h et h er D . w h at4 4 . Th ere i s n o do u bt _ t h e co m p an y h as m ade t h e ri gh t deci s i o n o n t h e s al esp ro j ect . 0 1A . w h y B . t h at C . w h et h er D . w h en4 4 . H av e y o u ev er been i n a s i t u at i o n y o u k n o w t h e o t h er p ers o n i s ri gh t y ety o u can n o t agree w i t h h i m ?0 2A . by w h i ch B . t h at C . i n w h ere D . w h ere专四语法真题再现之五 倒装历 年 考 雁 ：5 6 . So badl y _ i n t h e car acci den t t h at h e h ad t o s t ay i n h o s p i t al fo r a few m o n t h s . (9 4 )A . di d h e i n j u re B . i n j u red h i m C . w as h e i n j u red D . h e w as i n j u red6 1 . H e i s n o t u n der arres t , ____an y res t ri ct i o n o n h i m . 9 5A . o r t h e p o l i ce h av e p l acedC . n o r t h e p o l i ce h av e p l aced5 0 . Wes t ern N ebras k a gen eral l y recei v esA . i n B . i t recei v es i n5 0 . ____bo t h s i des accep t t h e agreem en tregi o n . 0 4B . o r h av e t h e p o l i ce p l acedD . n o r h av e t h e p o l i ce p l acedl es s s n o w t h an ____ E as t ern N ebras k a. 9 6C . B ei n g D . Th ere bei n ga l as t i n g p eace be es t abl i s h ed i n t h i sA . O n l y i f, w i l l B . I f o n l y , w o u l d C . Sh o u l d, w i l l D . Un l es s , w o u l d专四语法真题再现之六 小语法 历年考题1 .时 态 ：历 年 考 题 ：4 1 . H o w can I ev er co n cen t rat e i f y o u ___ co n t i n u al l y ____ m e w i t h s i l l y qu es t i o n s ?9 7A . h av e •••i n t erru p t ed B . h ad… i n t erru p t edC . are… i n t erru p t i n g D . w ere- - - i n t erru p t i n g4 4 . M r. Wh i t e w o rk s w i t h a ch em i cal s i m p o rt & exp o rt co m p an y , bu t h e __ fo r t h i si n du s t ri al fai r, s i n ce h e i s o n l eav e. 9 7A . h as w o rk ed B . w o rk s C . h as been w o rk i n g D . i s w o rk i n g4 3 . F o r s o m e t i m e n o w , w o rl d l eaders o u t t h e n eces s i t y fo r agreem en t o f arm sredu ct i o n . 0 2A . h ad been p o i n t i n g B . h av e been p o i n t i n g C . w ere p o i n t i n g D . p o i n t ed5 4 . J am es h as j u s t arri v ed, bu t I di dn, t k n o w h e u n t i l y es t erday . 0 5A . w i l l co m eB . w as co m i n g C . h ad been co m i n g D . cam e55. co n s ci o u s o f m y m o ral o bl i gat i o n s as a ci t i z en . 0 5A . I w as an d al w ay s w i l l beC . I h ad been an d al w ay s w i l l be2.平 行 结 枸 ：历 年 考 题 ：4 3 . Th e cen t ra] p ro v i n ces h av e fl o o ds i nA . dro u gh t i n o t h ers B .C . w h i l e o t h er dro u gh t s D .B . I h av e t o be an d al w ay s w i l l beD . I h av e been an d al w ay s w i 1 1 bes o m e y ears , an d . 0 0dro u gh t s are o t h erso t h ers i n dro u gh t4 2 . E v en as a gi rl , t o be h er l i fe, an d t h eat er au di en ces w ere t o be h er bes tt each ers . 0 1A . p erfo rm i n g by M el i s s a w ere B . i t w as k n o w n t h at M el i s s a, s p erfo rm an ces w ereC . k n o w i n g t h at M el i s s a, s p erfo rm an ces w ere D . M el i s s a k n ew t h at p erfo rm i n g w as3.省 略 旬 ：历 年 考 雁 ：4 1 . A cu t e h eari n g h el p s m o s t an i m al s s en s e t h e ap p ro ach o f t h u n ders t o rm s l o n gbefo re p eo p l e _____. 0 0A . do B . h ear C . do t h em D . h eari n g i t4.足 词 ：历 年 考 题 ：6 0 . ___h u m an p ro bl em s t h at rep eat t h em s el v es i n ____ l i fe rep eat t h em s el v es i nl i t erat u re. (9 4 )A . / , / , t h e B . / , t h e, / C . Th e, / , / D . Th e, t h e, t h e5 4 . Th e i dea o f t rav el i n g t h ro u gh ____s p ace t o o t h er p l an et s i n t eres t s m an y p eo p l et o day . 9 5A . aB . t h ec. /D . o n e5 .强 调 句 型 ：历 年 考 题 ：5 6 . I t w as n o t u n t i l m i dn i gh t ____t h e s n o w cap p ed p eak . 9 5A . t h at t h ey s i gh t edC . di d t h ey s i gh t6 .特 殊 用 法 ：历 年 考 瓶 ：5 9 . H e p refers ____. 9 5B . t h at t h ey di d n o t s i gh tD . h ad t h ey s i gh t edA .B .C .D .4 2 .t o w ri t e h i s l et t ers rat h er t h an di ct at i n g t h emt o w ri t e h i s l et t ers rat h er t h an di ct at e t h emw ri t i n g h i s l et t ersw ri t i n g h i s l et t erst i m e, h e w i l lrat h errat h erm ak e at h an di ct at e t h emt h an h av e di ct at ed t h emfi rs t - cl as s t en n i s p l ay er. 9 6A . H av i n gB . G i v enC . G i v i n gD . H ad5 1 . ___ en o u gh t i m e an d m o n ey , t h e res earch ers w o u l d h av e been abl e t o di s co v erm o re i n t h i s fi el d. 9 8A . G i v i n g B . To gi v e C . G i v en D . B ei n g gi v en5 0 .A .4 5 .A .7 .H e' sas aw h o i s k n o w nI n t el l ect i s t ow h at“ bel l y ach er" - h e'B . w h o m i s k n o w n C .t h e m i n d ____ s i gh tB . asC .附 加 疑 文 句 （ 反 意 疑 问 句 ）：s al w ay s co m p l ai n i n g abo u t s o m et h i n g. 9 9w h at i s k n o w ni s t o t h e bo dyt h atD . w h i ch i s k n o w n. 0 1D . l i k e历 年 考 限 ：6 0 .A .42.A .4 4 .Yo u an dco u l d IWh en y o udraw er,do y o u1 co u l d h ardl yB . co u l dn * th av e fi n i s h ed?9 7B . w i l l y o uu n ders t an d,y o uw i t hC .t h at_?9 5co u l dn 't w eD . co u l dv i deo t ap e, do n ' tfo rgetw et o p u t i t i n m yC . do n 'D o h el p y o u rs el f t o s o m e fru i t ,8 .A . can ' t主 谓 一 致 ：B . do n ' tt y o u D . w o n 'y o u ?0 0C . w o u l dn, tt y o uD . w o n t历 年 考 题 ：5 1 . M r Wel l s , t o get h er w i t h al l t h eaft ern o o n . 0 4A . are t o l eav e B . are l eav i n gm em bers o f h i s fam i l y ,C . i s l eav i n g D . l eav efo r E u ro p e t h i s专四语法真题再现之七 as的特殊用法及比较结构 历年考题历年考题：6 5 . i s o ft en t h e cas e w i t h a n ew i dea, m u ch p rel i m i n ary act i v i t y an d o p t i m i s t i cdiscussion produced no concrete proposals. (94)A. That B. It C. This D. As64. ____the two, Bob is____ student. 95A. Of, more diligentC. Of , the more diligent48. he needed money for a new car,A. Much as B. Much though C. As much50. His strong sense of humour waslaughing. 98B. In, more diligentD. In, the more diligenthe decided not to borrow it from the bank. 9D. Though muchmake everyone in the room burst outA. so as to B. such as to C. so that D. such that44. Fat cannot change into muscle muscle changes into fat. 99A. any more than B. no more than C. no less than D. much more than45. It is not so much the language the cultural background that makes thebook difficult to understand. 99A. but B. nor C. as D. like46. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as otheranimals____ in Africa. 96A. hunted B. huntingC. that hunted D. are hunted41. John is ____ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam. 98A. no less B. no more C. not less D. no so44. The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxurious than .98A. is necessary B. being necessary C. to be necessary D. it is necessary46. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbingthan in the public mind today. 99A. exists B. exist C. existing D. to exist49. The experiment requires more money than .02A. have been put in B. being put inC. has been put in D. to the put in41._ That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn' t bothered by his loudnessby his lack of talent. 04A. so much as B. rather than C. as D. than47. The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of a fully-loaded truck,to the truck. 04A. the greater stress is B. greater is the stressC. the stress is greater D. the greater the stress53. His remarks were annoy everybody at the meeting. 05A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as to一、1994-2003年专四语法真题集：已分类I .独立主格结构1. Agriculture is the country's chief source of wealth, wheat by far the biggestcereal crop.a. isb. beenc. bed. beingTEM-4 20032. Ti me , the celebration will be held as scheduled.a. permit b. permitting c. permitted d. permits TEM-4 20033. There nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hourearlier.a. to be b. to have been c. being d. be 20004.no cause for alarm, the old man went back to his bedroom.a. There was b. Since c. Being d. There being 19965. The country's chief exports are coal, cars and cotton goods, cars the mostimportant of these.a. have been b. are c. being d. are being 1994Answers: d b c d cI I .定语从句1. Above the trees are the h ills ,m a g n ific e n c e the river faithfully reflects onthe surface.a. where b. of whose c. whose d. which 20032. They overcame all the difficulties and completed the project two months ahead oft i m e , i s something we had not expected.a. which b. it c. that d. what 20033. He is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the man he wastwenty years ago.a. which b. that c. who d. whom 20034. We've just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, should makegreat differences in our life next summer.a. which b. what c. that d. they 20025. Have you ever been in a situation you know the other person is right yet youcannot agree with him?a. by which b. that c. in where d. where 20026. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff is needed forquality control can be substantially reduced.a. whose b. as c. what d. that 20007. Tve never been to Lhasa, but that's the ci t y.a. Td most like to visit b. which I like to visit mostlyc. where I like to visit d. Td like much to visit 19998. She remembered several occasions in the past she had experienced a similarfeeling.a. which b. before c. that d. when 19989. The physicist has made a d is c o v e ry ,o f great importance to the progress ofscience and technology.a. I think which is b. that I think is c. which I think is d. I think that is199710.1 have never been to London, but that is the ci t y.a. where I like to visit most b. Td most like to visitc. which I like to visit mostly d. where I'd like most to visit 199711. This company has now introduced a policy pay rises are related toperformance at work.a. which b. where c. whether d. what 199612. Only take these clothes really necessary.a. as were b. as they are c. as they were d. as are 199413. is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimisticdiscussion produced no concrete proposals.a. That b. It c. This d. As 1994Answers:l-5:cabad 6-10:daccb ll-13:bbdI I I . 状语从句让步状语从句1.I like economics I like sociology much better.a. As much as b. So much c. How much d. Much as 20032. Fool Jane is, she could not have done such a thing.a. who b. as c. that d. like 20023. I sympathize, I can't really do very much to help them out of thedifficulties.a. as long as b. as c. while d. even 20014.he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank.a. Much as b. Much though c. As much d. Though much 19985. , he is ready to accept suggestions form different sources.a. Instead of his notable contributions b. For all his notable contributionsc. His making notable contributions d. However his notable contributions 1997Answers:1-5: d b c a b结果状语从句1. Does Alan like limburgers?---- Yes. So much that he eats thema. for b. as c. to d. so 20032. The brilliance of his satires was make even his victims laugh.a. so as to b. such as to c. so that d. such that 1996Answers: d b方式状语从句1. She did her work her manager had instructed.a. as b. until c. when d. though 2002Answers: a原因状语从句1. Mr. White works with a chemicals import and export company, but he for thisindustrial fair, since he is on leave.a. has worked b. works c. has been working d. is working1998Answers: d （ 此题选项主要是时态方面的，但能否做出正确选择取决于对since从句的判断）条件状语从句1 . You won't get a loan you can offer some security.a. lest b. in case c. unless d. other than 19962 .time, he'll make a first-class tennis player.a. Having b. Given c. Giving d. Had 19963. I was very much mistaken, there was something wrong with Louise.a. Unless b. As c. Though d. Since 1995Answers:1-5: c b a （ 本人认为c 也可以，只是语义较勉强而已，if you are mistaken, you arewrong about something that you thought you knew or saw,）比较状语从句1. The experiment requires more money t han.a. have been put in b. being put in c. has been put in d. to be put in 20022. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing thanin the public mind today.a. exists b. exist c. existing d. to exist 19993. he indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxurious t han.a. is necessary b. being necessary c. to be necessary d. it is necessary 1998Answers: 1-3： c ac （ 提示：than = than what;记住、than后跟的是比较状语从句）I V .名词性从句同位语从句1. There is no doubt the company has made the right decision on the salesproject.a. why b. that c. whether d. when 2001Answer: b表语从句1. Intellect is to the mind sight is to the body.a. what b. as c. that d. like 20012. He is as a "bellyacher"- he's always complaining about something.a. who is known b. whom is known c. what is known d. which is known1999Answer: a c宾语从句1. Who was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?a. you said b. did you say c. did you say that d. you did say20032. After seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager'soffice.a. that b. there c. what d. it 19993. The team can handle w h a t e v e r .a. that needs handling b. which needs handlingc. it needs handling d. needs to be handled 19974. We can assign the task to is capable and trustworthy.a. whomever b. who c. whom d. whoever 1994Answers:1-5: bed dI V .比较级和最高级1. Fat cannot change into muscle muscle changes into fat.a. any more than b. no more than c. no less than d. much more than19992. It is not so much the language the cultural background that makes the bookdifficult to understand.a. but b. nor c. as d. like 19993. John is hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.a. no less b. no more c. not less d. no so 19984. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the c l e a n e r to theprofessor.a. as far as b. the same as c. as much as d. as long as 19985. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than Eastern Nebraska.a. in b. it receives in c. does d. it does in 19966.the two, Bob is student.a. Of, more diligent b. In, more diligentc. Of, the more diligent d. In, much more diligent 19957. She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions, and thereby made themconspicuous.a. all the more b. all the much c. all more d. all much 1994Answers:1-5: a c a c c（ 倒装）6-7: c aV .虚拟语气1. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential for that.a. for us to be prepared b. that we are preparedc. of us to be prepared d. our being prepared 20032. for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.a. Had it not been b. Hadn't it been c. Was it not d. Were it not 20023. “What courses are you going to do next semester?^^“I don't know. But it's about time on something.Ma. Td decide b. I decided c. I decide d. Tm deciding 20024. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there quite such acrowd of people there.a. weren't b. hasn't been c. hadn't been d. wouldn't be 20005. If you have really been studying English for so long, it's about time you ableto write letters in English.a. should be b. were c. must be d. are 19996. If your car any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorizeddealer.a. shall need b. should need c. would need d. will need 19987. He left orders that nothing touched until the police arrived here.a. should be b. ought to be c. must be d. would be 19988.1 was to have made a speech if.a. I was not called away b. nobody would have called me awayc. I had not been called away d. nobody called me away 19979. I the party much more if there hadn't been quite such a crowd of peoplethere.a. would enjoy b. will have enjoyed c. would have enjoyed d. will be enjoying199610. We could him with a detached house when he came, but he had specificallyasked for a small flat.a. provide b. have provided c. not provide d. not have provided199511. , he would not have recovered so quickly.a. Hadn't he been taken good care of b. Had he not been taken good care ofc. Had not he been taken good care of d. Had he been not taken good care of199512 .your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.a. Unless b. But for c. Except for d. Not for 199413 . It was recommended that passengers smoke during the flight.a. not b. need not c. could not d. would not 199414 .you were busy, I wouldn't have bothered you with my questions.a. If I realized b. Had I realized c. I realized that d. As I realized1994Answers:1-5: a a b c b 6-10: b ac c b 11-15: b b abV I .反意疑问句1. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bi t , ?a. hadn't she b. hasn't she c. wouldn't she d. didn't she 20032. Do help yourself to some f r u i t , y o u ?a. can't b. don't c. wouldn't d. won't 20003. When you have finished with that video tape, don't forget to put it in my drawer,?a. do you b. will you c. don't you d. won't you 19984. You and I could hardly u n d e r s ta n d ,?a. could I b. couldn't you c. couldn't we d. could we 1995Answers:l-5:cdbdVII. 一致主谓一致1. It is futile to discuss the matter further, because going to agree upon anythingtoday.a. neither you nor I are b. neither you nor me isc. neither you nor I am d. neither me nor you are2003Answer: cV III.时态现在完成进行1. Jack from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about hissafety.a. has been missing b. has been missed c. had been missing d. was missed20032. For some time now, world leaders out the necessity for agreement on armsreduction.a. had been pointing b. have been pointing c. were pointing d. pointed2002Answer: a b现在进行1. How can I ever concentrate if you continually me with silly questions?a. have... interrupted b. had... interrupted c. are... interrupting d.were... interrupting 1997Answers: cIX .插入语1. Who was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?a. you said b. did you say c. did you say that d. you did say2003Answer: b （ 这道题的a 选项会让考生想到插入语： 其实不是, 这是对宾语从句中的主语提问；做题技巧是把问句还原成陈述句后再来处理）X .副词1. She managed to save she could out of her wages to help her brother.a. how little money b. so little money c. such little money d. what little money20022. His strong sense of humor was make everyone in the room burst outlaughing.a. so as to b. such as to c. so that d. such that 19983.1 felt that I was not yet to travel abroad.a. too strong b. strong enough c. so strong d enough strong 1997Answers ：1： d （ 虽然答案与副词无关，但排除前三个选项需要相关的副词how 和 s o 的用法知识）2: b （ 类似前一•题）3： bXL不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词1. AIDS is said the number-one killer of both men and women over the pastfew years in the region.a. being b. to be c. to have been d. having been 20022.is not a serious disadvantage in life.a. To be not tall b. Not to be tall c. Being not tall d. Not being tall20013 .him tomorrow?a. Why not to call on b. Why don't call on c. Why not calling on d. Why not callon 20014 .at in this way, the present economic situation doesn't seem so gloomy.a. Looking b. Looked c. Having looked d. To look20005 . This is an illness that can result in total blindness left untreated.a. after b. if c. since d. unless 20006. Professor Johnson is said some significant advance in his research in thepast year.a. having made b. making c. to have made d. to make 19997. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboringc o u n tr y ,b y the police each time.a. had been captured b. being always capturedc. only to be captured d. unfortunately captured 19998. The Clarks haven't decided yet which hot e l .a. to stay b. is to stay c. to stay at d. is for staying 19989. , he can now only watch it on TV at home.a. Obtaining not a ticket for the match b. Not obtaining a ticket for the matchc. Not having obtained a ticket for the match d. Not obtained a ticket for the match199810. enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discovermore in this field.a. Giving b. To give c. Given d. Being given 199811. He wasn't asked to take on the chairmanship of the society,insufficientlypoplar with all members.a. having considered b. was considered c. was being considered d. beingconsidered 199612. This may have preserved the elephant from being wiped out as well as otheranimals in Africa.a. hunted b. hunting c. that hunted d. are hunted 199613. In international matches, prestige is so important that the only thing that matters isto a v o i d .a. from being beaten b. being beaten c. beating d. to be beaten199614. He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, hesaw a rope ladder out and three men climbing down it.a. throwing b. being thrown c. having thrown d. having been thrown199515. He resented to wait. He expected the minister him at once.a. to be asked, to see b. being asked, to seec. to be asked, seeing d. being asked, seeing 199516. This missile is designed so that once nothing can be done to retrieve it.a. fired b. being fired c. they fired d. having fired 199517. Arriving at the bus s to p ,w a itin g there.a. a lot of people were b. he found a lot of peoplec. a lot of people d. people were found 199418. regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first.a. Not received b. Since receiving c. Having received d. Not having received1994Answers：1-5: c d d b b 6-10: c c c c c 11-15: d a b d b 16-18: a b dX II.代词1. Your i de a s , , seem unusual to me.a. like her b. like hers c. similar to her d. similar to herself 20032.of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.a. None b. Both c. Neither d. All 20023. It was as a physician that he represented himself, a nd he was warmlyreceived.a. as such b. such as c. as that d. so that 1997Answers: b c aX III.平行结构1. Even as a g i r l , t o be her life, and theater audiences were to be her bestteachers.a. performing by Melissa were b. it was known that Melissa's performanceswerec. knowing that Melissa's performances were d. Melissa knew that performing was2001Answer: dx w .情态动词1. You Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.a. needn't have told b. needn't tell c. mustn't have told d. mustn't tell 20002. He unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.a. may have acted b. must have acted c. should act d. would act 19993. Much as, I couldn't lend him the money because I simply didn't have thatmuch spare cash.a. I would have liked to b. I would like to havec. I should have to like d. I should have liked to 19994. You Mark anything. It was none of his business.a. needn't have told b. needn't tell c. mustn't have told d. mustn't tell19985. As it turned out to be a small house party, we so formally.a. need not have dressed up b. must not have dressed upc. did not need to dress up d. must not dress up 19966. The meeting's been cancelled. Ann all that work.a. need to do b. need have c. needn't have done d. needed not to do19957. “She must be in the dormitory now.” "No, she be there. I saw her in theclassroom a minute ago.”a. mustn't b. can't c. couldn't d. wouldn't 19948. He the 8:20 bus because he didn't leave home till 8:25.a. couldn't have caught b. ought to have caughtc. shouldn't have caught d. must not have caught 1994Answer:1-5: a a a a a 6-10: c b a （ must表推测只用于肯定句中, 否定用can/could not）XV. I t 的用法1. Come and see me w h e n e v e r .a. you are convenient b. you will be convenientc. it is convenient to you d. it will be convenient to you 1997Answer: c （ 也可认为是对convenient 一词用法的考查）XVI . 冠词1. The idea of traveling through space to other planets interests many peopletoday.a. a b. the c. / d. one 19952. __human problems that repeat themselves in _ life repeat themselves in ___literature.a. /, /, the b. /, the, / c. The J ,/ d. The, the, the 1994Answers: c cx v n . 省略/ 替代动词1. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long beforep e o p l e .a. do b. hear c. do them d. hearing it 20002. The central provinces have floods in some years, and. 2000a. drought in others b. droughts are others c. while other droughts d. othersin droughtAnswer: a aXVD I .强调句型1. It was not until midnight the snowcapped peak.a. that they sighted b. that they did not sight c. did they sight d. had they sighted1995Answer: a （ 这道题其实也是对倒装的考查）X I X .倒装1. He is not under a r r e s t , a n y restriction on him.a. or the police have placed b. or have the police placedc. nor the police have placed d. nor have the police placed 19952. So badly in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months,a. did he injure b. injured him c was he injured d. he was injured 1994Answers: d c2005-2012年专四语法真题集2012年英语专四真题语法部分51. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him.B. No one except his supporters agree with him.C. Neither Julia nor I were going to the party.D. Few students in my class are really lazy.52. Which of the following determiners（ 限定i司 ） can be placed before both singular count nounsand plural count nouns?A. many a B. few C. such D. the next53. Which of the following reflexive pronouns（ 反身代词） is used as an 叩positive（ 同位语） ？A, He promised himself rapid progress.B. The manager herself interview Mary.C. I have nothing to say for myself.D. They quarreled themselves red in the face.54. My boss ordered that the legal documents__ to him before lunch.A. be sent B. were sent C. were to be sentD. must be sent55. Which of the following sentences expresses WILLINGNESS?A. By now she will be eating dinner.B. I shall never do that again.C. My brother will help you with the luggage.D. You shall get a promotion.56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. How strange feelings they are!B. How dare you speak to me like that!C. What noise they are making!D. What a mess we are in!57. which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?A. We never doubt that her brother is honest.B. The problem is not who will go but who will stay.C. You must give it back to whoever it belongs to.D. It is clear that the crime was done deliberately.58. which of the italicized parts functions as an object?A. He doesn't like the idea of my speaking at the meeting.B. It is no use your pretending not to know the matter.C. My parents strongly object to my going out alone at night.D. Her falling into the river was the climax of the whole trip.59. All the following sentences have an appositive EXCEPTA. She bought herself a pair of new shoes.B. Only one problem still remains, the food.C. My friends all understand and support me.D. She liked her current job, teaching English.60. Which of the following best explains the meaning of "Shall we buy the tickets first”?A. He said that we were going to buy the tickets first.B. He requested that we buy the tickets first.C. He suggested that we buy the tickets first.D. He advised us to buy the tickets first.61. Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause?A. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was no answer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercises as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.62. Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an adverbial?A. Are you sure of Simon's disappearance!B. The man with a beard is talking to the manager.C. Every precaution was taken against the failure of the plan.D. Despite the rain, everyone enjoyed the trip.63. A： Mother, you promised to take me out.B： WellA. so I did! B. so did I. C. so I do! D. so do I64. Which of the following prepositional phrases is an adverbial of concession?A. They used the box for keeping treasures.B. I stepped aside for her to get in first.C. For all that he seems to dislike me, I still like him.D. The parents bought a birthday cake for their son.65. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. Poultry are very expensive in the city.B. New machinery were introduced in the factory.C. The police are investigating the murder case.D. The militia were called out to rescue flood victims.2011年英 语专四真题语法部分51. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man hewas fifteen years ago.A. which B. whom C. who D. that52. Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND?A. Beg your pardon.B. Have a good time.C. Never do that again!D. What noise you are making!53. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didn't win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm /br twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.54. When you have finished with the book, don't forget to return it to Tim, ?A. do you B. will you C. don't you D. won't you55. In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the -ING participle is usedA. as a command.B. as a condition.C. for concession.D. for emphasis.56. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT?A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.57. It is not so much the language the cultural background that makes the bookdifficult to understand.A. as B. nor C. but D. like58. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?A. What do you think has happened to her?B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month?D. How quickly would you say he would come?59. The additional work will take weeks.A. the other B. another two C. other two D. the more60. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause （ 主语从句） ?A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.61. It's getting late. Td rather you now.A. left B. leave C. are leaving D. will leave62. In the sentence “The manager interviewed Jim himself in the morning”, the italicized word isused to modifyA. the object.B. the verb.C. the subject.D. the prepositional phrase.63. There is no doubt the couple did the right thing in coming back home earlier thanplanned.A. whether B. that C. why D. when64. The sentence that expresses OFFER isA. Til get some drinks. What'll you have?B. Does she need to book a ticket now?C. May I know your name?D. Can you return the book next week?65. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates a subject-predicate relation （ 主i胃关系） ？A. Mr Smith fs passport has been issued.B. The visitor's arrival was reported in the news.C. John's travel details have not been finalized.D. The new bookstore sells children's stories.2010年英语专四真题：语法部分51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well as you.C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She by bus.A. must have gone B. should have goneC. ought to have gone D. could have gone53. He feels that he is not yet to travel abroad.A. too strong B. enough strong C. so strong D. strong enough54. After seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager'soffice.A. that B. it C. what D. there55. Fool Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. who B. as C. like D. that56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. They each have two tickets.B. They cost twenty yuan each.C. Each they have bought the same book.D. They were given two magazines each.57. She seldom goes to the t h e a t r e ,?A. doesn't she B. does she C. would she D. wouldn't she58. Dr Johnson is head of the d e p a rtm e n t, an expert in translation.A. or B. either C. but D. and59. When one has good h e a l t h , should feel fortunate.A. you B. they C. he D. we60. It is necessary that he the assignment without delay.A. hand in B. hands inC. must hand in D. has to hand in61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her”, the italicized phrase isA. the object B. an adverbial C. a complement D. the subject62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures are very interesting.B. Half their savings were gone.C. Many his friends came to the party.D. Both his sisters are nurses.63. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English.64. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film "？A. before B. recently C. lately D. yet65.____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.A. To be not tall B. Not being tallC. Being not tall D. Not to be tall2009年英语专四真题：语法词汇部分51. What a nice day! How about the three of us a walk in the park nearby?A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking52. If there were no subjunctive mood, English much easier to learn.A. could have been B. would'beC. will be D. would have been53. She fifty or so when I first met her at a conference.A. had been B. must beC. has been D. must have been54. the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask me to work overtime without pay.A. Whatever B. WheneverC. Whichever D. However55. A new laptop costs about of a second-hand one.A. the price of three timesB. three times the priceC. as much as the three times priceD. three times more than the price56 . 1 was very interested in she told me.A. all that B. all which C. all what D. that57. We consider he should have left without telling anyone beforehand.A. strange why B. it strange what C. it strange that D. that strange58. It is going to be fine t o m o r r o w . .A. So is it. B. So it is. C. So it does. D. So does it.59. Little about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger.A. she cared B. she may careC. may she care D. did she care60. The couple had no sooner got to the station the coach left.A. when B. as C. until D. than61. Aren't you tired? I you had done enough for today.A. should have thoughtB. must have thoughtC. might have thoughtD. could have thought62. "It seems that she was there at the conference." The sentence means thatA. she seems to be there at the conference.B. she seemed to be there at the conference.C. she seems to have been there at the conferenceD. she seemed to being there at the conference.63. Which of the following adverbs can NOT be used to complete "everybody cameu?A. Nearly B. Quite C. Practically D. Almost64. In "How much do you think he earns?1' how much is of the sentence.A. the subject B. the adverbialC. the object D. the complement65. MThe man preparing the documents is the firm's lawyer'1 has all the following possiblemeanings EXCEPTA. the man who has prepared the documents...B. the man who has been preparing the documents...C. the man who is preparing the documents...D. the man who will prepare the documents...2008年专四语法题51. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities forthe disabled, will publish proposals in the near future.A. their B. our C. his D. its52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she much better results now.A. would be getting B. could have gotC. must get D. would get53. Nine is to three three is to one.A. when B. that C. which D. what54. Men differ from animals they can think and speak.A. for which B. for that C. in that D. in which55. he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finishhis assignment.A. Much though B. Much as C. As much D. Though much56.1 enjoyed myself so much__ I visited my friends in Paris last year.A. When B. which C. that D. where57. Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures were boring.B. Half his money was gone.C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.D. He invited many his friends to the party.58. When you have finished with that book, don't forget to put it back on my d e s k , ?A. do you B. don't you C. will you D. won't you59. What does "He wisely refused to spend his money1' mean?A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.C. He was short of money and didn't want to buy anything.D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.60. They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as.A. it could be B. could be C. it was D. was61. The following are all correct responses to "Who told the news to the teacher?1 1 EXCEPTA. Jim did this. B. Jim did so. C. Jim did that. D. Jim did.62. Quality is counts most.A. which B. that C. what D. where63. In his plays Shakespeare his characters live through their language.A. would make B. had made C. made D. makes64. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times__ the size of St. Peter's in Rome.A. / B. that of C. which is D. of65. Which of the following sentences expresses "probability"?A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o'clock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.2007年专四语法题51. There are as good fish in the sea ever came out of it.A. than B. like C. as D. so52. All the President's Men one of the important books for historians who study theWatergate Scandal.A. remain B. remains C. remained D. is remaining53. "You borrow my notes provided you take care of them,“ I told my friend.A. could B. should C. must D. can54. If only the patient a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might stillbe alive now.A. had received B. receivedC. should receive D. were receiving55. Linda was the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.A. to start B. to have startedC. to be starling D. to have been starting56. She fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.A. must be B. had beenC. could be D. must have been57. It is not ___ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult tounderstand.A. that B. as C. so D. very58. The committee has anticipated the problems that in the road construction project.A. arise B. will arise C. arose D. have arisen59. The student said there were a few points in the essay he impossible to comprehend.A. had found B. finds C. has found D. would find60. He would have finished his college education, but he to quit and find a job to support hisfamily.A. had had B. has C. had D. would have61. The research requires more money t han.A. have been put in B. has been put in C. being put in D. to be put in62. Overpopulation poses a teiTible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably a threat tothe human race than environmental destruction.A. no more B. not more C. even more D. much more63 . It is not uncommon for there__ problems of communication between the old and the young.A. being B. would be C. be D. to be64 .at in his way, the situation does not seem so desperate.A. Looking B. looked C. Being looked D. to look65. It is absolutely essential that William__ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.A. will continue B. continued C. continue D. continues2006年专四语法题集51. —dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive.A. Although B. whatever C. As D. However52. If only I _ play the guitar as well as you!A. would B. could C. should D. might53. The party, —I was the guest of honour, was extremely enjoyable.A. by which B. for which C. to which D. at which54. It's high time we _ cutting down the rainforests.A. stopped B. had to stop C. shall stop D. stop55. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _ impossible tocomprehend.A. has found B. was finding C. had found D. would find56 Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone_ an opportunity to hear thespeech.A. ought to have B. must have C. may have D. should have57.1 am surprised_ this city is a dull place to live in.A. that you should think B. by what you are thinkingC. that you would think D. with what you were thinking58. Susan is very hard-working, but her pay is not_ for her work.A. enough good B. good enough C. as good enough D. good as enough59. It is imperative that the government _ more investment into the shipbuildingindustry.A. attracts B. shall attract C. attract D. has to60. Land belongs to the city; there is _ thing as private ownership of land.A. no such a B. not such C. not such a D. no such61. My daughter has walked eight miles today. We never guessed that she could walk___far.A. / B. such C. that D. as62. The statistics__that living standards in the area have improved drastically inrecent times.A. proves B. is proving C. are proving D. prove63. There are only ten apples left in the b a s k e ts ,th e spoilt ones.A. not counting B. not to count C. don't count D. having not counted64. It was we had hoped.A. more a success than B. a success more thanC. as much of a success as D. a success as much as65. There used to be a petrol station near the park, _ ?A. didn't it B. doesn't there C. usedn't it? D. didn't there51-55: DBDAC 56-60: DABCD 61-65: CDACD2005年语法题集51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he able to advise youmuch better than I can.A. would be B. will have been C. was D. were52. , Mr. Wells is scarcely in sympathy with the working class.A. Although he is a socialist B. Even if he is a socialistC. Being a socialist D. Since he is a socialist53. His remarks were annoy everybody at the meeting.A. so as to B. such as to C. such to D. as much as to54. James has just arrived, but I didn't know he until yesterday.A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. came55.c onscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.A. I was and always will be B. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will be D. I have been and always will be56. Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful, we will have toinstall solar heating device in our home.A. some type of B. some types of aC. some type of a D. some types of57.1 went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I the journeyin exactly two days.A. must take B. must have madeC. was able to make D. could make58.1 know he failed his last test, but really he's stupid.A. something but B. anything butC. nothing but D. not but59. Do you know Tim's brother? He is than Tim.A. much more sportsman B. more of a sportsmanC. more of sportsman D. more a sportsman60. That was not the first time he us. I think it's high time westrong actions against him.A. betrayed...take B. had betrayed...tookC. has betrayed...took D. has betrayed...take61. What's the chance of a general election this year?A. there being B. there to beC. there be D. there going to be62. The meeting was put off because we a meeting without John.A. objected having B. were objected to havingC. objected to have D. objected to having63.you further problems with your printer, contact your dealer foradvice.A. If, had B. Have, had C. Should, have D. In case, had64. He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, t ha t hepaid me back the following week.A. on occasion B. on purpose C. on condition D. only if65. Children who stay away from school do for different reasons.A. them B. / C. it D. theirs66. -Why are you staring?一I've never seen tree before.A. kind of B. that kind of C. such kind D. such51-60: AABBD ACBBC61-66: ADCCD B。