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1、时间时间 一般时态一般时态 进行时态进行时态完成时态完成时态 现在现在 过去过去 将来将来 过去将过去将来来 am/is/are/+donewas/were+done will(shall)+be done would(should)+be +done am/is/are+ being +donewas/were+ being +donehas/have+been+donehad been donewill(shall)+have been done would(should)+ have been done 被动语态各种构成形式被动语态各种构成形式1.1.不及物动词不用于被动语态，不及物动词
2、不用于被动语态，不及物动词不用于被动语态，不及物动词不用于被动语态，(1)Great changes have been taken place in my hometown (1)Great changes have been taken place in my hometown 。( )( )(2)Great changes have taken place in my hometown(2)Great changes have taken place in my hometown。( )( )错 对2:表示状态的动词不能用于被动语态，表示状态的动词不能用于被动语态，表示状态的动词不能用于
3、被动语态，表示状态的动词不能用于被动语态，lacklack，holdhold，costcost，suitsuit，containcontain，havehave。 The book costs 10 The book costs 10 yuanyuan。（。（。（。（ ） The book is cost 10 The book is cost 10 yuanyuan（ ）对错3 3在被动语态中不可省略在被动语态中不可省略在被动语态中不可省略在被动语态中不可省略toto的情况。在主动语态中，如果感官动词，役使动词的的情况。在主动语态中，如果感官动词，役使动词的的情况。在主动语态中，如果感官动词
4、，役使动词的的情况。在主动语态中，如果感官动词，役使动词的宾语补足语常常有不带宾语补足语常常有不带宾语补足语常常有不带宾语补足语常常有不带toto的不定式，但在被动语态中要带的不定式，但在被动语态中要带的不定式，但在被动语态中要带的不定式，但在被动语态中要带toto（see,hear,watch,observe,notice,looksee,hear,watch,observe,notice,look at,listenat,listen to,maketo,make , ,have,helphave,help）1 The boy_ streets without pay in the old
5、 days.The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made cleanA. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean We saw him get on the bus_He was seen to get on the bus4.4.复合结构的被动语态。复合结构的被动语态。复合结构的被动语态。复合结构的被动语态。1) 1) 逻辑主语变
6、为被动语态的主语，逻辑主语变为被动语态的主语，逻辑主语变为被动语态的主语，逻辑主语变为被动语态的主语，2) 2) 宾语变为被动语态的主语，后用不定式的被动式。宾语变为被动语态的主语，后用不定式的被动式。宾语变为被动语态的主语，后用不定式的被动式。宾语变为被动语态的主语，后用不定式的被动式。The teacher asked us to discuss the questionThe teacher asked us to discuss the question。 注注 意意 事事 项项如如 appearappear，riserise，diedie，happen ,happen ,lie,be
7、long to, break out to, break out，take placetake place。3Great events_in our country during the past 20 years. A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happenedWe are asked to discuss the questionWe are asked to discuss the question. .The question is asked to be discussed.The questio
8、n is asked to be discussed.5 被动语态中，要保持短语动词的完整性，动词后的介词或副词切不可遗被动语态中，要保持短语动词的完整性，动词后的介词或副词切不可遗漏漏Good care_such things. A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of 6 主动形式表示被动意义的词。如：主动形式表示被动意义的词。如：主动形式表示被动意义的词。如：主动形式表示被动意义的词。如：looklook，smell smell ，tastetaste， feel, pro
9、vefeel, prove， wearwear，soundsound。等。等。等。等The flower _sweet. .A is smelling B is smelled The flower _sweet. .A is smelling B is smelled C.smellsC.smells.The .The desk_softdesk_soft. A feel B .is felt C. feels D. is feeling. A feel B .is felt C. feels D. is feeling7 7某些及物动词后加副词也表示被动意义，某些及物动词后加副词也表示被动
10、意义，某些及物动词后加副词也表示被动意义，某些及物动词后加副词也表示被动意义， wash, write, sell, read, open, cutwash, write, sell, read, open, cut. .(1) This type of recorder (1) This type of recorder sells wellsells well. (2) The novel . (2) The novel reads wellreads well. .(3)The cloth (3)The cloth washes easilywashes easily (4) The b
11、ox (4) The box carries easilycarries easily8 8部分动词部分动词部分动词部分动词(lock, shut, open, act)(lock, shut, open, act)与与与与cant /wontcant /wont连用，可用主动表连用，可用主动表连用，可用主动表连用，可用主动表被动，（表示，主语因功能受损）被动，（表示，主语因功能受损）被动，（表示，主语因功能受损）被动，（表示，主语因功能受损）(1)The door wont lock. (2) His car cant move9表示重量，大小，数量，长度，程度的名词作宾语。表示重量，大小，
12、数量，长度，程度的名词作宾语。表示重量，大小，数量，长度，程度的名词作宾语。表示重量，大小，数量，长度，程度的名词作宾语。(1)The stone(1)The stone weighs weighs a ton. a ton.(2)The room _ (measure)10x20smmeasures10. 10. 一些固定结构表示被动含义。一些固定结构表示被动含义。一些固定结构表示被动含义。一些固定结构表示被动含义。1)be worth doing 1)be worth doing sthsth. .The film is well worth _ (see)The film is well
13、 worth _ (see)seeing2) deserve/need / want/ require doing=need /want /require to be done.2) deserve/need / want/ require doing=need /want /require to be done.The room needs _(clean)The room needs _(clean)The room needs to _(clean)The room needs to _(clean)cleaningbe cleaned3)3)动词不定式前有表性质的形容词动词不定式前有表
14、性质的形容词动词不定式前有表性质的形容词动词不定式前有表性质的形容词. .且动词不定式中的动词与句子主语有动且动词不定式中的动词与句子主语有动且动词不定式中的动词与句子主语有动且动词不定式中的动词与句子主语有动宾关系。宾关系。宾关系。宾关系。The question isThe question is easy easy to answerto answer. . The book is _(The book is _(读起来有趣读起来有趣读起来有趣读起来有趣) ) The box _(The box _(拿起来很沉拿起来很沉拿起来很沉拿起来很沉) ) interesting to read.
15、interesting to read.is heavy to carryis heavy to carry. .11 11 被动意义和系表结构的比较：被动意义和系表结构的比较：被动意义和系表结构的比较：被动意义和系表结构的比较： bebe过去分词，被动语态表示动作，系表结构表示主语的特点，状过去分词，被动语态表示动作，系表结构表示主语的特点，状过去分词，被动语态表示动作，系表结构表示主语的特点，状过去分词，被动语态表示动作，系表结构表示主语的特点，状态或性质态或性质态或性质态或性质 The novel is written by a young The novel is written by
16、 a young writterwritter。（。（。（。（ ） The novel is well writtenThe novel is well written。（。（。（。（ ）被动系表另外，另外，另外，另外，1)1)过去分词前有过去分词前有过去分词前有过去分词前有tootoo，very, so very, so 等副词修饰，为系等副词修饰，为系等副词修饰，为系等副词修饰，为系表结构；表结构；表结构；表结构； 2)2)过去分词前后有过去分词前后有过去分词前后有过去分词前后有muchmuch，too much too much ，so muchso much，very muchvery
17、 much。修饰为被动语态。修饰为被动语态。修饰为被动语态。修饰为被动语态。I amI am very very surprised at your words surprised at your words。He was soHe was so much much shocked that he couldnt utter a wordshocked that he couldnt utter a word。(be lost, be married to, be devoted to be seated ,be dressed in),12非谓语动词的被动结构非谓语动词的被动结构 1: Wi
18、thout_ (invite), he will not go to the party.Without_ (invite), he will not go to the party.2:It is an 2:It is an honourhonour _(choose) _(choose)3:Most film stars dont enjoy_ (3:Most film stars dont enjoy_ (intervieweinterviewe) )4:I still 4:I still remember_(takeremember_(take) to the Disneyland )
19、 to the Disneyland as a small child.as a small child.5:His film is 5:His film is said_(showsaid_(show) in many ) in many countriescountries. .being invitedto be chosenbeing interviewedhaving been takento have been shown6:I bought him a story-book_ (read.) 6:I bought him a story-book_ (read.) 7:I have a lot of things _ ( do.) 7:I have a lot of things _ ( do.)8; I will go shopping 8; I will go shopping .Do you have anything_ (buy)? .Do you have anything_ (buy)?to readto doto be bought
